RESUMO
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to pilot a method of a small-scale survey for the assessment of Keshan disease (KD) elimination at township level. METHODS: The prevalence of chronic KD was obtained by case-searching the whole population. The endemic village with the highest prevalence of chronic KD was selected as the key village for the survey of latent KD prevalence rate among permanent residents. The selenium levels in the head hair of individuals in the key village was measured. The professionals of the department of endemic disease control, the township and village doctors were surveyed by pre-designed questionnaire survey for KD interventions. RESULTS: We conducted this study in 2013. Yuanbao township had a population of 16 487 people and 14 862 permanent residents. There were no acute or subacute KD cases in the previous 5 years. The prevalence rate of chronic KD and natural chronic KD were 6.7/10 000 and 3.4/10 000 respectively. The prevalence rate of latent KD was 250.6/10 000, higher than the elimination criterion. The head hair selenium levels were 0.23±0.18 mg/kg. CONCLUSIONS: The small-scale survey methodology for assessing KD elimination at township level was feasible. KD among the people living in Yuanbao township has not been eliminated.
Assuntos
Cardiomiopatias/prevenção & controle , Erradicação de Doenças , Doenças Endêmicas , Infecções por Enterovirus/prevenção & controle , Cabelo/metabolismo , Vigilância da População/métodos , Características de Residência , Selênio/metabolismo , Adolescente , Adulto , Cardiomiopatias/epidemiologia , Cardiomiopatias/metabolismo , China/epidemiologia , Infecções por Enterovirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Enterovirus/metabolismo , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Médicos , Prevalência , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto JovemRESUMO
RESUMO: Objetivo: Descrever as principais doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT) no país segundo as informações coletadas em indivíduos de 18 anos ou mais de idade. Métodos: Foram utilizados dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS), 2013, estudo transversal de base populacional. As proporções de cada DCNT foram calculadas e apresentadas segundo sexo, com intervalo de confiança de 95% (IC95%), com os valores absolutos. Resultados: Do total de entrevistados, 45,1% referiram ter pelo menos uma DCNT. A Região com maior prevalência de DCNT foi a Sul (52,1%). A hipertensão arterial apresentou a maior prevalência dentre as DCNT, com 21,4%, seguida por problema crônico de coluna (18,5%), depressão (7,6%), artrite (6,4%) e diabetes (6,2%). O grau de limitação intenso/muito intenso apresentou maiores prevalências para outra doença mental (37,6%) e acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) (25,5%). Conclusão: A melhoria dos serviços de saúde é indispensável para uma resposta efetiva à dupla carga de adoecimento de países de média e baixa renda.
ABSTRACT: Objective: To describe the major noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in Brazil, according to the information collected from individuals aged 18 years or older. Methods: Data from the National Health Survey (PNS), 2013, a transversal population-based study, were used. The proportions of each NCD were calculated and presented according to sex, with a 95% confidence interval (95%CI), with the absolute values. Results: Of the total respondents, 45.1% reported presenting at least one NCD. The region with the highest prevalence of NCDs was the South (52.1%). Hypertension showed the highest prevalence among NCDs, with 21.4%, followed by chronic back problem (18.5%), depression (7.6%), arthritis (6.4%), and diabetes (6.2%). The intense/very intense degree of limitation showed a higher prevalence of other mental illnesses (37.6%) and cerebrovascular accident (25.5%). Conclusion: The improvement of health services is essential for an effective response to the double burden of illness in the middle- and low-income countries.