RESUMO
PURPOSE: To investigate the effectiveness of gradient boosting to classify endophthalmitis versus uveitis and lymphoma by intraocular cytokine levels. METHOD: Patient diagnoses and aqueous and vitreous levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10 were retrospectively extracted from a National Eye Institute Histopathology Core database and compared by Kruskal-Wallis and post hoc Dunn tests. A gradient-boosted decision tree classifier was trained to differentiate endophthalmitis versus uveitis and lymphoma from vitreous IL-6 and IL-10, vitreous IL-6 only, and aqueous IL-6 only data sets; and was tested with 80-20 train-test split and 3-fold cross-validation of the training set. RESULTS: Seven endophthalmitis, 29 lymphoma, and 49 uveitis patients were included. IL-6 was higher in endophthalmitis than uveitis (P = 0.0713 aqueous, 0.0014 vitreous) and lymphoma (P = 0.0032 aqueous, 0.0001 vitreous). IL-10 was significantly higher in lymphoma than uveitis (P = 0.0017 aqueous, 0.0014 vitreous). Three-fold cross validation demonstrated 95% ± 5%, 95% ± 4%, and 97% ± 5% predictive accuracy for vitreous IL-6 and IL-10, vitreous IL-6 only, and aqueous IL-6 only data sets. Upon validation with the testing set, vitreous IL-6 and IL-10 and aqueous IL-6 only data sets achieved 100% predictive accuracy and vitreous IL-6 only data achieved 93% predictive accuracy with 100% sensitivity, 92% specificity, and an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC/AUC) of 96%. CONCLUSIONS: With limited sample size, gradient boosting can differentiate endophthalmitis from uveitis and lymphoma by IL-6 and IL-10 with high sensitivity and specificity; however, a larger cohort is needed for further validation.
Assuntos
Árvores de Decisões , Endoftalmite/diagnóstico , Interleucina-10/análise , Interleucina-6/análise , Linfoma/diagnóstico , Aprendizado de Máquina , Uveíte/diagnóstico , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Humanos , Curva ROC , Água/químicaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Recent studies point to the clinical utility of using peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISF) as a valuable diagnostic aid for monitoring peri-implant tissue health. The objectives of this study are to determine the levels of key biomarkers in PISF in periodontal maintenance participants and compare them with their corresponding levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) obtained from the same participants. METHODS: PISF and GCF were collected from an implant and a contralateral natural tooth after the clinical examination of 73 participants. The levels of interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1ß, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-17A, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, C-reactive protein, osteoprotegerin, leptin, and adiponectin were determined using multiplex proteomic immunoassays. The correlation of biomarker concentrations between GCF versus PISF, within GCF or PISF, and with several covariates (age, brushing frequency, days since professional cleaning, probing depth [PD], and plaque index) were also determined. RESULTS: Significantly higher levels of IL-17A (P = 0.02) and TNF-α (P = 0.03) were noted in PISF when compared with their levels in GCF. Significant positive correlations were noted between the concentrations of cytokines in PISF versus their levels in GCF. Among the covariates, a significant positive correlation was noted between mean PDs around implants and levels of IL-1ß (P <0.05) and IL-8 (P <0.05) in PISF. CONCLUSION: The results of this study point to the differential expression of specific biomarkers in GCF versus their levels in PISF in periodontal maintenance patients, which is critical information before establishing PISF as a diagnostic fluid to monitor peri-implant health.
Assuntos
Biomarcadores/análise , Implantes Dentários , Líquido do Sulco Gengival/química , Doenças Periodontais/prevenção & controle , Adiponectina/análise , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Proteína C-Reativa/análise , Estudos Transversais , Índice de Placa Dentária , Profilaxia Dentária , Feminino , Humanos , Interleucina-10/análise , Interleucina-12/análise , Interleucina-17/análise , Interleucina-1alfa/análise , Interleucina-1beta/análise , Interleucina-6/análise , Interleucina-8/análise , Leptina/análise , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Osteoprotegerina/análise , Doenças Periodontais/classificação , Bolsa Periodontal/classificação , Escovação Dentária , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/análise , Adulto JovemRESUMO
The article presents findings allowing estimating effect of local application of polioxidonium and yantum verde in 101 children aged 12-17 with chronic catarrhal gingivitis and chronic gastroduodenitis. Statistically significant PMA indeÑ decrease (40.1±2.3% till 1.4±0.6% (Ñ<0,001)) proved the above mentioned therapy scheme to be highly effective for treatment of chronic catarrhal gingivitis in children with chronic gastroduodenitis.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/uso terapêutico , Benzidamina/uso terapêutico , Duodenite/complicações , Gastrite/complicações , Gengivite/tratamento farmacológico , Gengivite/imunologia , Fatores Imunológicos/uso terapêutico , Boca/imunologia , Piperazinas/uso terapêutico , Polímeros/uso terapêutico , Adolescente , Criança , Doença Crônica , Quimioterapia Combinada , Feminino , Gengivite/complicações , Humanos , Imunoglobulina A/análise , Imunoglobulina A Secretora/análise , Imunoglobulina G/análise , Interleucina-10/análise , Interleucina-1beta/análise , Masculino , Muramidase/análise , Saliva/química , Saliva/imunologiaRESUMO
Whole-blood and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) cultures are used as non-validated surrogate measures of monocytic cytokine production. The aim of this investigation was to compare ex vivo cytokine production from human whole-blood and PBMC with that from isolated monocytes. We also assessed the intra- and inter-individual variation in cytokine production. In 64 healthy men (age 19-40 years) IL-6, TNF and IL-10 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in supernatants from whole-blood, PBMC and monocytes cultured 24 h with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or UV-killed L. acidophilus. Cytokines produced from whole-blood was found to be more strongly correlated with monocytic cytokines than cytokines from PBMC, particularly after LPS-stimulation: r=0.57, P<0.001 versus r=0.33, P=0.01 for IL-6 and r=0.43, P<0.001 versus r=0.30, P=0.02 for TNF-alpha. Adjustment for a preceding 8-week dietary fatty acid-intervention did not change any of the associations. Based on measurements at three time-points 8 weeks apart the intra-individual variation was > or = 50% smaller than the inter-individual variation (P<0.05) in most whole-blood cytokine responses and LPS-stimulated IL-6 from PBMC. We conclude that whole-blood cultures are well-suited low-cost proxy-measures of monocytic cytokine production. Moreover, large inter-individual variation in cytokine production was demonstrated whereas the individual responses in whole-blood were reproducible even over long time-periods.
Assuntos
Células Sanguíneas/metabolismo , Técnicas de Cultura de Células/economia , Técnicas de Cultura de Células/métodos , Citocinas/análise , Citocinas/biossíntese , Adulto , Humanos , Interleucina-10/análise , Interleucina-10/biossíntese , Interleucina-6/análise , Interleucina-6/biossíntese , Masculino , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/análise , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/biossínteseRESUMO
The aim of this work was to examine the ecotoxicity of reclaimed wastewater by the use of bioassays and the determination of immunological parameters. Secondary and tertiary mucicipal wastewater samples were examined for their physicochemical and microbiological characteristics as well as for their endotoxin concentrations. The ecotoxicological characteristics were assessed by a battery of bioassays, using Vibrio fischeri, Daphnia magna and Tetrahymena thermophilla as test species and phytotoxicity. The mitogenic responses of mouse splenocytes were as well used as bioassay. The cytokines of IL-1, IL-2, IL-10, IFNgamma and TNFalpha, were also determined in the supernatant of splenocyte cultures and served as molecular biomarkers. All bioassays exhibited decrease of the ecotoxicological responses after tertiary treatment. However, mitogenic responses were proved to be more sensitive. IL-1 increased, while IL-2 production was unaffected. The fact that IL-10 production increased in response to secondary treated effluents in conjunction with the increased endotoxin levels, suggest Th2 type immune responses. Although results obtained from the toxicity bioassays after the tertiary treatment showed comparable results to those of controls, cytokine levels indicated the induction of immune response even after tertiary treatment. Consequently, cytokine production could be used as a sensitive biomarker for the evaluation of treatment efficiency of the reclaimed wastewaters intended for reuse.
Assuntos
Bioensaio/métodos , Biomarcadores/análise , Poluentes Químicos da Água/toxicidade , Abastecimento de Água/análise , Aliivibrio fischeri/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Células Cultivadas , Daphnia/efeitos dos fármacos , Ecotoxicologia/métodos , Interferon gama/análise , Interleucina-1/análise , Interleucina-10/análise , Interleucina-2/análise , Camundongos , Baço/citologia , Baço/metabolismo , Tetrahymena/efeitos dos fármacos , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/análiseRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Class A macrophage scavenger receptor (SR-A) is a macrophage-restricted multifunctional molecule that optimizes the inflammatory response by modulation of the activity of inflammatory cytokines. This study was conducted with SR-A-deficient (SR-A(-/-)) mice to evaluate the relationship between SR-A and cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction. METHODS AND RESULTS: Experimental myocardial infarction (MI) was produced by ligation of the left coronary artery in SR-A(-/-) and wild-type (WT) male mice. The number of mice that died within 4 weeks after MI was significantly greater in SR-A(-/-) mice than in WT mice (P=0.03). Importantly, death caused by cardiac rupture within 1 week after MI was 31% (17 of 54 mice) in SR-A(-/-) mice and 12% (6 of 51 mice) in WT mice (P=0.01). In situ zymography demonstrated augmented gelatinolytic activity in the infarcted myocardium in SR-A(-/-) mice compared with WT mice. Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction at day 3 after MI showed that the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 mRNA increased significantly in the infarcted myocardium in SR-A(-/-) mice compared with WT mice. Furthermore, SR-A(-/-) mice showed augmented expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and reduction of interleukin-10 in the infarcted myocardium at day 3 after MI. In vitro experiments also demonstrated increased tumor necrosis factor-alpha and decreased interleukin-10 expression in activated SR-A(-/-) macrophages. CONCLUSIONS: The present findings suggest that SR-A deficiency might cause impairment of infarct remodeling that results in cardiac rupture via insufficient production of interleukin-10 and enhanced expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and of matrix metalloproteinase-9. SR-A might contribute to the prevention of cardiac rupture after MI.
Assuntos
Ruptura Cardíaca/etiologia , Infarto do Miocárdio/complicações , Receptores Depuradores Classe A/fisiologia , Remodelação Ventricular/fisiologia , Animais , Células Cultivadas/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Cultivadas/metabolismo , Cruzamentos Genéticos , Citocinas/biossíntese , Indução Enzimática , Deleção de Genes , Ruptura Cardíaca/fisiopatologia , Ruptura Cardíaca/prevenção & controle , Interleucina-10/análise , Lipoproteínas LDL/farmacologia , Macrófagos Peritoneais/efeitos dos fármacos , Macrófagos Peritoneais/metabolismo , Masculino , Metaloproteinase 2 da Matriz/biossíntese , Metaloproteinase 2 da Matriz/genética , Metaloproteinase 9 da Matriz/biossíntese , Metaloproteinase 9 da Matriz/genética , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Camundongos Knockout , Infarto do Miocárdio/economia , Miocárdio/metabolismo , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Receptores Depuradores Classe A/deficiência , Receptores Depuradores Classe A/efeitos dos fármacos , Receptores Depuradores Classe A/genética , Inibidor Tecidual de Metaloproteinase-1/biossíntese , Inibidor Tecidual de Metaloproteinase-1/genética , Inibidores Teciduais de Metaloproteinases/biossíntese , Inibidores Teciduais de Metaloproteinases/genética , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/biossíntese , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/genética , Inibidor Tecidual 4 de MetaloproteinaseRESUMO
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-specific CD4(+) T cell response was investigated in 33 untreated HIV-1-infected individuals, using highly sensitive ELISPOT assays and intracellular flow cytometry. The median frequencies of interferon (IFN)-gamma-producing HIV-1 gag-specific CD4(+) T cells did not correlate significantly with control of viral replication or progression. HIV-1 gag-specific interleukin (IL)-4-producing cells were rarely detected. Circulating frequencies of CD4(+) T cells constitutively producing IL-10, however, were significantly higher in individuals with progression or active replication. In 17 of 30 HIV-1-infected individuals, gag antigen was observed to induce IL-10 production from CD4(+) T cells. In 2 individuals, early treatment of acute HIV-1 infection "rescued" low to undetectable gag-specific IFN-gamma-producing CD4(+) T cell responses and dramatically down-regulated constitutive IL-10 production from circulating CD4(+) T cells. The detection of HIV-1-specific IL-10-inducing CD4(+) T cells in HIV-1-infected individuals suggests that HIV-1 may directly subvert specific immune responses by IL-10 induction.
Assuntos
Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/imunologia , Infecções por HIV/imunologia , HIV-1/imunologia , Interferon gama/análise , Interleucina-10/análise , Fármacos Anti-HIV/uso terapêutico , Terapia Antirretroviral de Alta Atividade , Contagem de Linfócito CD4 , Estudos de Coortes , Progressão da Doença , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Citometria de Fluxo , Produtos do Gene gag/imunologia , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por HIV/virologia , Humanos , Carga ViralRESUMO
In order to study the clinical significance and change of interleukin (IL)-1 beta and IL-10 concentration in intestinal mucosal tissues in various stage of ulcerative colitis (UC), IL-1 beta and IL10 levels were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Our results showed that IL-beta level caused by spontaneous secretion in the intestinal mucous tissues in active stage of ulcerative colitis was significantly higher than that in normal controls and in remission stage of ulcerative colitis (P < 0.01, P < 0.001). IL-10 level in various stage of UC was relatively lower in controls, but there was no significantly difference between the two groups. Our study suggested that higher IL-1 beta level in active might play an important role in pathogenesis of UC, and IL-10, as an anti-inflammatory cytokine, was low in active UC, suggesting that it may be a important factor contributing to the development of higher IL-1 beta level.
Assuntos
Colite Ulcerativa/metabolismo , Interleucina-10/análise , Interleucina-1/análise , Reto/química , Adulto , Colo/química , Feminino , Humanos , Mucosa Intestinal/química , MasculinoRESUMO
Ex vivo production of cytokines as determined by whole blood stimulation and supernatant ELISA is partly determined by heritability. To assess the ability of this system to distinguish between high and low producers the laboratory error and individual variation were investigated. Whole blood samples from healthy volunteers were collected using endotoxin-free tubes and were incubated with 0 to 1000 ng/ml lipopolysaccharide concentrations for 4 and 24 h, and subsequently centrifuged. In the supernatants, TNF-alpha and IL10 were measured by ELISA. Coefficients of variation for the day-to-day variation in the blood sampling, transport and stimulation as well as in the whole blood stimulation per se ranged from 7.5% to 12.3%. The intra-individual variation was 15% (TNF-alpha) and 19% (IL10) in contrast to the inter-individual variation of, on average, 35%. No interchanging of ranks between high and low producers was observed after repeating the whole blood stimulation on distinct days. The whole blood stimulation system is able to distinguish high and low producers of TNF-alpha and IL10.
Assuntos
Sangue/metabolismo , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática/métodos , Interleucina-10/análise , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/análise , Feminino , Humanos , Interleucina-10/biossíntese , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/biossínteseRESUMO
PROBLEM: Mechanisms involved in infertility due to genitourinary (GU) inflammation are unknown. The production of pro-inflammatory (GRO alpha) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines in seminal plasma is monitored in this study. METHOD: GRO alpha, IL-10, and granulocyte elastase were evaluated in semen from I) normal, II) infertile patients, and III) infertile patients with leukocytospermia. RESULTS: GRO alpha in infertile patients with GU inflammation was 1.5-fold higher compared to group II and 2.5-fold higher compared to group I patients. The IL-10 was higher in group III than the other two groups. A positive correlation was observed between granulocyte elastase and GRO alpha in all groups. Group III patients exhibited poor sperm parameters. CONCLUSIONS: A shift towards increased production of pro-inflammatory chemokine GRO alpha may have a potential role in male infertility associated with GU inflammation.