RESUMO
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to assess use of lncRNAs as biomarkers in serum and aqueous humor of patients with diabetic macular edema (DME). MATERIAL AND METHODS Optical coherence tomography and fundus photography were used to analyze the retinal features of the patients. RT-qPCR was used to analyze the differential expression of lncRNA snhg5 in patients who have idiopathic macular hole (MH), DME, or refractory DME. The relationship between SNHG5 and the clinical characteristics of the patients was analyzed. The effect of SNHG5 on the hyperplasia and apoptosis of human retino-microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs) and its mechanism were analyzed in vitro. RESULTS Patients with idiopathic MH developed retinal nerve epithelium rupture and retinal fundus thickening, and patients with DME or refractory DME showed significant macular edema with hemorrhaging. The refractory DME patients improved after treatment but still showed significant macular edema and multiple laser scarring. SNHG5 expression was not only low in the atrial fluid and plasma in DME patients, but also lower in the refractory DME group compared to the idiopathic MH patients. SNHG5 expression in the aqueous humor and plasma was negatively correlated with disease duration, body mass index, and levels of fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, proteinuria, and glycosuria. In the in vitro experiments, SNHG5 expression was significantly downregulated in high glucose-induced HMECs. After SNHG5 overexpression, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and VEGF-A protein levels were distinctly downregulated. CONCLUSIONS SNHG5 correlates with the development of DME and is a potential target for therapy.
Assuntos
Humor Aquoso/metabolismo , Retinopatia Diabética , Células Endoteliais/metabolismo , Edema Macular/metabolismo , RNA Longo não Codificante , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/metabolismo , Biomarcadores/sangue , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Retinopatia Diabética/sangue , Retinopatia Diabética/diagnóstico , Retinopatia Diabética/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Angiofluoresceinografia/métodos , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica/métodos , Humanos , Edema Macular/diagnóstico , Edema Macular/etiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , RNA Longo não Codificante/sangue , RNA Longo não Codificante/metabolismo , Retina/diagnóstico por imagem , Retina/patologia , Neovascularização Retiniana/diagnóstico por imagem , Neovascularização Retiniana/etiologia , Vasos Retinianos/patologia , Vasos Retinianos/fisiopatologia , Tomografia de Coerência Óptica/métodos , Acuidade VisualRESUMO
In acute vitreal hemorrhage, echography is the method of choice for evaluation of the vitreous body. Echography ist capable of providing information on the localization, the density, and the mobility, and in certain diseases, also on the cause of the hemorrhage. The echographic findings (standardized echography) recorded in 216 patients with acute vitreal hemorrhage examined within 14 months (Jan. 1988 to Feb. 1989) were evaluated. In 91 patients (42%) diabetic retinopathy was known: in such cases echography can disclose proliferative changes and traction-detachment of the retina. In 58 patients (27%) echography revealed a posterior vitreous detachment, while in 17 patients (8%) an additional retinal detachment was found. In 39 patients (18%) a degenerative, disciform lesion of the macula was revealed as the cause of the hemorrhage, in 5 patients (2%) a malignant melanoma of the choroid, and in 2 patients a (large) retinal tear. In 5 patients, apart from the vitreous opacities no changes in the posterior segment could be found.
