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1.
Am J Surg ; 204(4): 503-9, 2012 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22578405

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The treatment of inguinal hernia has changed considerably over the past 15 years. We reviewed the preclinical and clinical literature to find out the effect of inguinal hernia surgery on male fertility because it has been suggested that hernia surgery may impair testicular function and male fertility. DATA SOURCES: A search on Embase, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Library was performed to find related articles. CONCLUSIONS: Animal models show substantial effects of hernia repair on the structures in the spermatic cord, which is more pronounced in mesh repairs. Although the number of studies and the included numbers of patients were limited, clinical studies indicate that these potential adverse effects do not seem to have a clinical impact on male fertility in humans with inguinal hernias. Future clinical studies, preferably with bilateral patients, are necessary to investigate the clinical relevance of the effects of inguinal hernia and hernia surgery on male fertility.


Assuntos
Hérnia Inguinal/cirurgia , Herniorrafia/efeitos adversos , Infertilidade Masculina/etiologia , Infertilidade Masculina/fisiopatologia , Telas Cirúrgicas , Animais , Hérnia Inguinal/complicações , Hérnia Inguinal/fisiopatologia , Herniorrafia/métodos , Humanos , Incidência , Infertilidade Masculina/patologia , Isquemia/etiologia , Masculino , Modelos Animais , Orquite/etiologia , Dor/etiologia , Cordão Espermático/irrigação sanguínea , Cordão Espermático/lesões , Cordão Espermático/fisiopatologia , Testículo/irrigação sanguínea , Testículo/lesões , Testículo/fisiopatologia , Ducto Deferente/lesões , Ducto Deferente/fisiopatologia
3.
Sex Transm Dis ; 35(9): 827-33, 2008 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18562984

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is a common sexually transmitted infection for which young, sexually active persons are at highest risk. Health consequences such as orchitis/epididymitis, prostatitis, infertility, and urethral stricture have been described among CT-infected males, although not all of these are indisputably linked to CT. Current literature lacks population-based studies needed to examine these associations on a larger scale, to evaluate the true risk of developing complications after a CT infection. The US Air Force contains a large population of young, sexually active males, making it suitable for conducting such a study. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study between 2001 and 2005 comparing the incidence of orchitis/epididymitis, prostatitis, infertility, and urethral stricture among male Air Force members with and without prior CT infections. Cumulative incidence rates were calculated and Cox proportional hazard models were generated to evaluate the risk of developing complications and to adjust for potential confounders. RESULTS: Among 17,764 men enrolled in the study, 913 (5.14%) experienced a reproductive tract outcome. Among CT-positive men, cumulative incidences of orchitis/epididymitis, prostatitis, infertility, and urethral stricture were 4.28%, 1.41%, 1.27%, and 0.13%, respectively. Orchitis/epididymitis [Hazard ratio (HR) = 1.38 (1.13-1.70)] and "any" outcome [HR = 1.37 (1.16-1.61)] were positively associated with CT; infertility was marginally associated [HR = 1.36 (0.93-2.00)]. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the burden of reproductive health outcomes among Air Force males is small. Significant associations were observed between CT and both orchitis/epididymitis and any outcome; a larger cohort or longer follow-up may have detected a significant association between CT and infertility.


Assuntos
Infecções por Chlamydia/complicações , Chlamydia trachomatis , Doenças dos Genitais Masculinos/epidemiologia , Militares , Adolescente , Adulto , Estudos de Coortes , Efeitos Psicossociais da Doença , Doenças dos Genitais Masculinos/etiologia , Humanos , Incidência , Infertilidade Masculina/epidemiologia , Infertilidade Masculina/etiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Orquite/epidemiologia , Orquite/etiologia , Modelos de Riscos Proporcionais , Prostatite/epidemiologia , Prostatite/etiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Tempo , Estreitamento Uretral/epidemiologia , Estreitamento Uretral/etiologia
4.
JAMA ; 260(10): 1434-8, 1988 Sep 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3404601

RESUMO

The first documented mumps outbreak in the workplace took place between August and December of 1987, when 119 cases of mumps occurred among employees at three Chicago futures exchanges and their household contacts. Twenty-one patients developed 23 complications, and nine persons were hospitalized. Total direct and indirect economic costs associated with the outbreak were $120,738; the cost per case was $1473. Only three patients had written documentation of mumps immunization. The outbreak is consistent with the recent changing epidemiology of mumps and the increase in reported cases in the adolescent and young adult populations. Mumps vaccine was licensed in 1967, but its distribution was limited until 1977 when the Immunization Practices Advisory Committee of the US Public Health Service recommended it for universal use. As a result, a cohort of adolescents and young adults under-immunized against mumps and underexposed to disease is now entering the work force. Vaccination of susceptible employees could prevent the substantial health impact of mumps.


Assuntos
Surtos de Doenças , Emprego , Caxumba/epidemiologia , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Chicago , Custos e Análise de Custo , Feminino , Hospitalização , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Caxumba/complicações , Caxumba/economia , Caxumba/prevenção & controle , Vacina contra Caxumba/administração & dosagem , Orquite/etiologia , Gravidez
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