RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To measure the level of sleep disorders among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and to see if there was any difference in terms of demographic variables and socioeconomic status. METHODS: The cross-sectional descriptive observational study was conducted from March to June 2017, and data was collected through purposive sampling from different tertiary health care centres of Faisalabad, Pakistan. Sleep-50-Urdu scale was used to measure sleep disorders among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. SPSS 21 was used for data analysis. RESULTS: Of the 140 respondents 70(50%) each were males and females with an overall mean age of 48.64±17.39 years. The patients had significantly high level of narcolepsy (p<0.05), but those from high socioeconomic status had relatively lower level of narcolepsy (p<0.05). Male patients and people from lower socioeconomic status also suffered from sleep apnoea and insomnia along with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Narcolepsy along with sleep apnoea and insomnia were significantly more prevalent among chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients from lower socioeconomic status.
Assuntos
Narcolepsia/epidemiologia , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/epidemiologia , Síndromes da Apneia do Sono/epidemiologia , Distúrbios do Início e da Manutenção do Sono/epidemiologia , Classe Social , Adulto , Idoso , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Síndrome da Mioclonia Noturna/epidemiologia , Paquistão/epidemiologia , Síndrome das Pernas Inquietas/epidemiologia , Fatores de Risco , Fatores Sexuais , Transtornos do Sono-Vigília/epidemiologia , Sonambulismo/epidemiologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Specific diagnostic criteria for pediatric restless legs syndrome (RLS) were published in 2003 following a workshop at the National Institutes of Health. Due to substantial new research and revision of the adult RLS diagnostic criteria, a task force was chosen by the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG) to consider updates to the pediatric diagnostic criteria. METHODS: A committee of seven pediatric RLS experts developed a set of 15 consensus questions to review, conducted a comprehensive literature search, and extensively discussed potential revisions. The committee recommendations were approved by the IRLSSG executive committee and reviewed by the IRLSSG membership. RESULTS: The pediatric RLS diagnostic criteria were simplified and integrated with the newly revised adult RLS criteria. Specific recommendations were developed for pediatric application of the criteria, including consideration of typical words used by children to describe their symptoms. Pediatric aspects of differential diagnosis, comorbidity, and clinical significance were then defined. In addition, the research criteria for probable and possible pediatric RLS were updated and criteria for a related condition, periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD), were clarified. CONCLUSIONS: Revised diagnostic criteria for pediatric RLS have been developed, which are intended to improve clinical practice and promote further research.
Assuntos
Grupos Diagnósticos Relacionados/normas , Classificação Internacional de Doenças/normas , Síndrome das Pernas Inquietas/diagnóstico , Síndrome das Pernas Inquietas/terapia , Adulto , Criança , Comorbidade , Humanos , Síndrome da Mioclonia Noturna/diagnóstico , Síndrome da Mioclonia Noturna/epidemiologia , Síndrome da Mioclonia Noturna/terapia , Síndrome das Pernas Inquietas/epidemiologiaRESUMO
STUDY OBJECTIVES: To examine racial differences in sleep in a large cohort of midlife women and to evaluate whether indices of socioeconomic status (SES) are associated with racial differences in sleep. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Participants' homes. PARTICIPANTS: Caucasian (n=171), African American (n=138) and Chinese women (n=59). INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS: Sleep quality was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Polysomnographically assessed sleep duration, continuity, architecture, and NREM electroencephalograhic (EEG) power were calculated over multiple nights. Sleep disordered breathing and periodic leg movements were measured on a separate night. Linear regression analysis was used to model the independent and synergistic effects of race and SES on sleep after adjusting for other factors that impact sleep in midlife women. Indices of SES were self-reported educational attainment and financial strain. RESULTS: Sleep was worse in African American women than Caucasian participants as measured by self-report, visual sleep stage scoring, and NREM EEG power. Slow wave sleep differences were also observed between Chinese and Caucasian participants. Racial differences persisted after adjustment for indices of SES. Although educational attainment was unrelated to sleep, financial strain was associated with decreased sleep quality and lower sleep efficiency. Financial strain-by-race interactions were not statistically significant, suggesting that financial strain has additive effects on sleep, independent of race. CONCLUSIONS: Independent relationships between race and financial strain with sleep were observed despite statistical adjustment for other factors that might account for these relationships. Results do not suggest that assessed indices of SES moderate the race-sleep relationship, perhaps due to too few women of low SES in the study.
Assuntos
Asiático/estatística & dados numéricos , Negro ou Afro-Americano/estatística & dados numéricos , Síndrome da Mioclonia Noturna/etnologia , Polissonografia , Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono/etnologia , Distúrbios do Início e da Manutenção do Sono/etnologia , Fatores Socioeconômicos , População Branca/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Análise de Fourier , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Monitorização Ambulatorial , Síndrome da Mioclonia Noturna/diagnóstico , Síndrome da Mioclonia Noturna/epidemiologia , Fatores de Risco , Processamento de Sinais Assistido por Computador , Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono/diagnóstico , Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono/epidemiologia , Distúrbios do Início e da Manutenção do Sono/diagnóstico , Distúrbios do Início e da Manutenção do Sono/epidemiologiaRESUMO
STUDY OBJECTIVES: To describe a new approach for the analysis of quantity, type, and periodicity of the leg motor activity during sleep in patients with restless legs syndrome (RLS) and periodic leg movements (PLM). METHODS: The following parameters were taken into account for LM: duration, amplitude, area under the curve, sleep stage, side, interval, and bilaterality. The analysis of inter-LM intervals was carried out by drawing their distribution graphs. A new index evaluated their periodicity and was validated by means of a Markovian analysis. The differences in inter-LM intervals, LM duration, and area under the curve between normal controls and patients and between the 3 patient subgroups identified on the basis of their periodicity were statistically analyzed. SETTING: N/A. PARTICIPANTS: Sixty-five patients with RLS and periodic LM and 22 young healthy controls. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: The RLS patients' inter-LM interval distribution graph showed a wide peak with a maximum located at around 15 to 30 seconds and extending from 10 to 90 seconds, not present in controls, and another peak for intervals less than 8 seconds, higher than that of controls. Three patient subgroups were identified with different proportions of these 2 peaks, periodicity, and Markovian parameters. Periodicity was not dependent on the periodic leg movement index. Patients showing the peak mainly at around 15 to 30 seconds tended to show slightly longer and higher area under the curve LM than did the other 2 subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: Our new approach seems to be useful in a new qualitative differentiation among patients with PLM, which is not possible by using the simple PLM index.