RESUMO
Amongst health-related scientific disciplines, microbiology appears to play a vital role in creating a sustainable future with respect to health, the environment and a biobased economy. Microbiology research covers a wide range of different disciplines and addresses many important global issues. This study aimed to identify topics being addressed within the last 5 years (2012-16) in the field of microbiology worldwide and to compare them in terms of three different indicators: gross domestic product, Human Development Index and Infectious Disease Vulnerability Index. The dataset of this study comprised 167 874 articles and reviews from 2012 to 2016, which were extracted from the Web of Science Medline. To identify and visualise the topics addressed during the studied period, VOSviewer was used. The construction and visualisation of the term map was done based on 5918 MESH subject headings. The methodology and procedures employed included Kruskal-Wallis test and two-sample proportion test. Overall, our study showed that the field of microbiology has focused on six different topics during 2012-16. The papers written with the collaboration of countries with low socioeconomic status and high vulnerability to infectious diseases mainly addressed topics related to the primary needs of people such as food safety, the prevention and control of infectious diseases, food and energy poverty. In contrast, papers written with the collaboration of countries with high socioeconomic development status and less vulnerability to infectious diseases mainly focused on big data, alternative methods to animal experiments.
Assuntos
Bibliometria , Doenças Transmissíveis/economia , Microbiologia/economia , Pesquisa/estatística & dados numéricos , Animais , Doenças Transmissíveis/microbiologia , Suscetibilidade a Doenças/economia , Suscetibilidade a Doenças/microbiologia , Humanos , Microbiologia/tendências , Pesquisa/economia , Fatores SocioeconômicosRESUMO
An individual's microbiome is likely to be an important contributor to certain health disparity diseases and conditions. We present a framework to study the role of the microbiome and the multiple factors that are likely to influence differences in disease predisposition, onset, and progression at the individual and population level.
Assuntos
Nível de Saúde , Microbiota/fisiologia , Doença , Suscetibilidade a Doenças/microbiologia , Meio Ambiente , Humanos , Estudos Interdisciplinares , Saúde Pública , Fatores de Risco , Meio SocialAssuntos
Metagenoma , National Human Genome Research Institute (U.S.)/organização & administração , Biologia Computacional/economia , Biologia Computacional/normas , Suscetibilidade a Doenças/microbiologia , Saúde , Interações Hospedeiro-Patógeno , Humanos , Metagenoma/genética , Interações Microbianas , National Human Genome Research Institute (U.S.)/economia , Valores de Referência , Estados UnidosRESUMO
Attachment to and migration upon a substratum, as well as other functions of connective tissue cells, are regulated mainly by cytoplasmic structural proteins, particularly filamentous actin (f-actin). Pathogenic microorganisms exert negative effects on cytoskeletal proteins. In the present study, normal gingival fibroblasts from 10 sets of human twins (6 fraternal, DZ; 4 identical, MZ) were exposed to soluble extracts from Porphyromonas gingivalis or Fusobacterium nucleatum, then f-actin was stained using FITC-labeled phalloidin. Cells were examined under fluorescence, and a computer-assisted image analyzer quantitated f-actin polymerization as fluorescence intensity on a per-cell basis. Intraclass correlation coefficients for f-actin in MZ/MZ vis-a-vis DZ/DZ paired cell cultures were determined to assess the possible heritability of responses to the microorganism preparations. F-actin labeling was significantly different between control cultures and those exposed to the extracts. Both F. nucleatum and P. gingivalis effected f-actin and fibroblast morphology. When the data were adjusted for gender and age effects, and for differences in control f-actin levels, fibroblasts from MZ twin pairs were moderately similar in both absolute and relative responses to bacterial challenges; cells from DZ twins showed little similarity when response was measured on the absolute scale, and moderate similarity using the relative scale.