Avaliação ectoparasitológica, hematológica e histopatológica de traíras Hoplias malabaricus Bloch, 1794 provenientes de açudes localizados no município de Sumé, estado da Paraíba / Ectoparasitologic, hematologic and histopathologic assessment of Hoplias malabaricus Bloch, 1794 from ponds located in Sumé municipality, state of Paraíba, Brazil

Hoplias malabaricus Bloch, 1794 é uma das espécies de peixes mais comumente encontrada nos açudes da Microrregião do Cariri Paraibano, todavia ainda não existem estudos na região sobre a sua fauna parasitária. Em virtude disso, o estudo objetivou caracterizar a fauna ectoparasitológica, o perfil hematológico e os achados histopatológicos das brânquias de H. malabaricus provenientes de quatro açudes localizados no município de Sumé/PB. Em cada açude foram capturados 10 exemplares e foi realizada a análise limnológica da água. Realizou-se a biometria dos exemplares e foram colhidas amostras sanguíneas por venopunção caudal. Os métodos de coleta de parasitos foram realizados segundo as recomendações da literatura. Além disso, foram coletadas amostras de brânquias para avaliação histopatológica. A comparação das médias foi feita pelo Teste Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. Os resultados mostram que a ectoparasitofauna de H. malabaricus provenientes de açudes localizados no município de Sumé/PB apresentou-se diversificada, sendo identificados vários táxons de ectoparasitos na superfície corporal e brânquias. A fauna parasitária promoveu alterações hematológicas e histopatológicas nas brânquias. Além disso, os resultados evidenciam uma relação de epibiose de Epistylis sp. com Lernaea cyprinacea e crustáceos branquiúros em H. malabaricus.(AU)

Hoplias malabaricus Bloch, 1794 is one of the fish species most commonly found in the micro-region ponds of Cariri in Paraíba; however there are no studies in the region on its parasitic fauna. Due to this, the study aimed to characterize the ectoparasitologic fauna, blood profile and histopathological findings of the gills of H. malabaricus from four ponds in Sumé/PB. At each pond 10 specimens were captured and limnological water analysis was performed as the biometrics of specimens and blood samples were collected by caudal venipuncture. Parasite collection methods were used according to literature recommendations. Also gill samples were collected for histopathological assessment. Comparison of the averages were made by Tukey test at a probability of 5%. The results show that H. malabaricus ectoparasite fauna from ponds located in Sumé/PB is diverse, once various ectoparasites taxons are identified on body surface and gills. The parasitic fauna promoted hematological and histopathological changes in the gills. The results show also an epibiosis relationship of Epistylis sp. with Lernaea cyprinacea and branchiurans crustaceans on H. malabaricus.(AU)

Use of Triticum aestivum in open wound healing: a clinical, pathological, and tensiometric assessment in the rabbit model / Uso de Triticum aestivum na cicatrização de feridas: um ensaio clínico, histopatológico e tensiométrico em coelhos

While Triticum sp. has been shown to act in wound healing, stimulating collagen synthesis by fibroblasts, the use of this plant extract has yet to be assessed in vivo, in commercially viable presentations. This study used rabbits and assessed, on days seven, 14, and 21, the presence or absence of granulation tissue and epithelialization, histopathological structures, and scar quality through the breaking and tension strength. Treatments, performed for 21 days, were aqueous extract of T. aestivum at a concentration of 2mg/mL (group I) and 10mg/mL (group II) and a nonionic cream (control group). We demonstrate that the formation of granulation tissue was not significantly different between treatments. In the analysis of epithelial tissue, wounds in group II differed from other treatments by day 7. On days 14 and 21 there was no significant clinical difference between groups. In the histopathological evaluation, scar quality and rupture strength did not differ between the groups in the studied period. In the tension strength evaluation, group I differed from the others, presenting a higher tension strength overall. The studied treatments did not differ regarding healing evolution of the skin wounds, but T. aestivum extract, at 2mg/mL, presents better results in the tension strength evaluation...

O extrato de trigo (Triticum sp.) vem sendo usado na cicatrização de feridas por estimular a síntese de fibroblastos, entretanto a sua aplicabilidade in vivo em apresentações comercialmente viáveis ainda tem de ser demonstrada. Neste estudo, avaliaram-se feridas cutâneas de coelhos tratadas com extrato aquoso de T. aestivum quanto à presença de tecido de granulação e epitelização, estruturas histológicas, qualidade cicatricial, além de ensaio tensiométrico. As feridas foram tratadas diariamente, por 21 dias, com diferentes concentrações do extrato (grupo I = 2mg/mL; grupo II = 10mg/mL) ou apenas o veículo (grupo controle = creme não iônico), e avaliadas nos dias sete, 14 e 21. A formação de tecido de granulação não diferiu entre os tratamentos. A epitelização aconteceu em menor tempo em feridas do grupo II, mas aos 14 dias já não havia diferença neste parâmetro. Na avaliação histopatológica, a qualidade cicatricial e a força de ruptura não diferiram no período estudado, entretanto a resistência tensiométrica das feridas do grupo I foi maior que a dos demais tratamentos. Dessa forma, conclui-se que, mesmo não havendo diferença na evolução cicatricial de feridas tratadas ou não com extrato aquoso de T. aestivum, o uso desse composto, a 2mg/mL, resultou em tecidos cicatriciais mais resistentes à tração...

Assessment of the histological quality of endoscopic biopsies obtained from the canine gastro-esophageal junction.

OBJECTIVE: In the dog biopsy samples from the gastro-esophageal junction (GEJ) are rarely obtained during routine gastroscopy. The aim of this pilot study was to assess the histological quality of endoscopic biopsies sampled from the canine esophagus and cardia. It was hypothesised that it is possible to sample adequate specimens from these sites. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For this purpose 10 dogs with an indication for gastroscopy were enrolled in a prospective study. Biopsy samples were obtained with standard biopsy forceps for single use exactly from the GEJ thus containing preferably columnar epithelium from the cardia and squamous epithelium from the esophagus, respectively. In every dog the specimens were examined for size, layers and site, respectively. Study endpoint was reached when specimens originated from cardia and esophagus, showing at least epithelium and lamina propria mucosae, and a diameter >2mm on the slide, respectively. RESULTS: 72 biopsy specimens (median 7, range 5-10) obtained from the GEJ were examined in 10 dogs. Specimens from the esophagus containing squamous epithelium with lamina propria mucosae were found in 5 of 10 (50.0%) dogs. Specimens from the cardia containing columnar epithelium with lamina propria mucosae were found in 10 of 10 (100.0%) dogs. Four of 10 (40.0%), and 10 of 10 (100.0%) dogs showed at least one specimen >2mm on the slide originating from the esophagus, and from the cardia, respectively. Histological quality was found to be adequate in 4 of 10 (40.0%) dogs, showing specimens of adequate size, originating from both esophagus and cardia, and containing at least epithelium and lamina propria mucosae. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The pilot study provides evidence that during routine gastroscopy it is possible to sample endoscopic biopsies from the cardia and with limitations from the esophagus showing a quality adequate for histological examination of the epithelium and the lamina propria mucosae.

Stereological assessment of the epithelial surface area of the ovine palatine and pharyngeal tonsils.

Although ovine tonsils play a major role in prion diseases, their morphology is poorly documented and morphometric data are sparse. Therefore, a stereological assessment of the surface area of the palatine and pharyngeal tonsils of five sheep was performed. The epithelial surface area of both tonsils is considerably increased by the presence of tonsillar crypts and folds. The mean epithelial surface area of the paired palatine tonsil was 7.14 cm(2) and that of the pharyngeal tonsil was 23.5 cm(2). In comparison with the paired palatine tonsil, the volume of the pharyngeal tonsil was almost two times larger, whilst its surface area was more than three times larger.

Development of a cost-effective oral vaccination method against viral disease in fish.

Different vaccination methods have been applied to protect fish against the detrimental effects of various pathogens. Several studies have shown the potentials of oral vaccination. In theory oral vaccination is an effortless and stress-free method which can be applied at almost any age. In general, however, the vaccine has to be protected to avoid digestion, which results in high costs for application in aquaculture. In this paper we introduce a cost-effective oral vaccination strategy for viral diseases of fish. The vaccines discussed here include fusion proteins consisting of a gut adhesion molecule and a viral peptide expressed in plants. The adhesion molecule mediates binding to and uptake from the gut, whereas the viral peptide functions as vaccine antigen mediating the induction of a humoral immune response. The first pilot studies using a fusion of the gut adhesion molecule and well-characterised heterologous linear B- and T-cell viral epitopes, produced in potato tubers, showed a promising binding and subsequent uptake in the end gut of carp. The results further indicated that a specific humoral immune response was evoked.