Validação do conteúdo de um protocolo de avaliação da motricidade orofacial em lactentes / Content validation of an orofacial myofunctional assessment protocol for infants / Validación del contenido de un protocolo para la evaluación de la motricidad orofacial en bebés

Introdução: Muitos estudos têm se dedicado a compreender melhor a dinâmica da avaliação das estruturas e funções estomatognáticas de lactentes; até a presente pesquisa não foram encontrados estudos específicos para essa faixa etária, até recentemente. Objetivo: Validar o conteúdo de um instrumento fonoaudiológico de avaliação da motricidade orofacial para lactentes na faixa etária de um mês a dois anos. Metodologia: Foi elaborado o instrumento para "avaliação fonoaudiológica da motricidade orofacial de lactentes de um mês a dois anos" a partir dos dados obtidos na literatura. A validação do conteúdo do instrumento se deu por meio da avaliação de quatro juízes para clareza dos itens propostos no protocolo e da representatividade dos mesmos no processo de validação do conteúdo. Os juízes classificaram cada item quanto à clareza, a partir de uma escala tipo Likert de quatro pontos, sendo: (4) muito claro, (3) claro, (2) pouco claro, (1) sem clareza, com o propósito de realizar a validação do conteúdo por meio da aplicação da equação do Índice de Validação do Conteúdo (IVC). Resultados: O protocolo desenvolvido possui 8 itens e uma breve anamnese: Hábitos Orais; Avaliação Estrutural; Respiração; Voz; Avaliação Funcional; Alimentação e Deglutição - líquidos e alimentos em pedaços; Diagnóstico Fonoaudiológico. A etapa seguinte contou com a análise da representatividade e para clareza dos itens do protocolo pelos juízes, e após a segunda análise, a validação do conteúdo resultou na permanência dos 8 itens com Índice de Validade de Conteúdo total de 100%. Conclusão: O conteúdo do protocolo foi considerado válido para uso na avaliação do público-alvo, comprovado por profissionais com experiência na área. A versão final do Protocolo de avaliação fonoaudiológica da motricidade orofacial de bebês foi finalizada com 8 itens de avaliação. (AU)

Introduction: The instruments for evaluating the structures and functions of the stomatognathic system in babies have been lacking in studies. Objective: To validate the content of a speech-language instrument to assess orofacial motricity for babies aged between one month and two years old. Methodology: The instrument for "speech-language assessment of the orofacial motricity of babies from one month to two years old" was created based on the data obtained by the integrative review. The instrument's content was validated through the evaluation of four judges. The judges classified each item according to clarity, based on a four-point Likert scale, as follows: (4) very clear, (3) clear, (2) lightly clear, (1) unclear, to perform content validation by applying the Content Validation Index (CVI) equation. Results: The developed protocol has eight items and a brief anamnesis: Oral Habits; Structural Assessment; Breathing; Voice; Functional Assessment; Feeding and Swallowing - liquids and food in pieces; and Speech-Language Diagnosis. The next step included the analysis of the representativeness of the protocol items by the judges. After the second analysis, the validation of the content resulted in the permanence of the eight items with a total Content Validity Index of 100%. Conclusion: The content of the protocol was considered valid for use in the evaluation of the target audience, proven by people with experience in the area. The final version of the Protocol for the Speech-Language Pathology Assessment of Orofacial Motricity in Babies was completed with eight assessment items. (AU)

Introducción: Los instrumentos para la evaluación de las estructuras y funciones del sistema estomatognático en los bebés han mostrado falta de estudios. Objetivo: Validar el contenido de un instrumento de fonoaudiología para la evaluación de la motricidad orofacial en bebés de un mes a dos años de edad. Metodología: Inicialmente, se llevó a cabo la elaboración del instrumento para la "evaluación logopédica de la motricidad orofacial de bebés de un mes a dos años de edad" propiamente dicho, a partir de los datos obtenidos por la revisión integradora. La validación del contenido del instrumento se realizó a través de la evaluación de cuatro jueces. Los jueces calificaron cada ítem en términos de claridad, utilizando una escala de Likert de cuatro puntos, de la siguiente manera: (4) muy claro, (3) claro, (2) poco claro, (1) poco claro, con el propósito de realizar la validación de contenido a través de la aplicación de la ecuación del Índice de Validación de Contenido (CVI). Resultados: después de la lectura y discusión de los artículos, fue posible desarrollar el protocolo que contiene 8 ítems y una breve anamnesis, que son: Hábitos Orales; Evaluación Estructural; Respiración; Voz; Evaluación Funcional; Alimentación y deglución: líquidos y alimentos en trozos; y; Diagnóstico de Patología del Habla-Lenguaje. El siguiente paso fue el análisis de la representatividad de los ítems del protocolo por parte de los jueces, y luego del segundo análisis, la validación de contenido resultó en la permanencia de 8 ítems con un Índice de Validez de Contenido total del 100%. Conclusión: El contenido del protocolo se consideró válido para su uso en la evaluación del público objetivo, confirmado por personas con experiencia en el área. La versión final del Protocolo de evaluación de la patología del habla y el lenguaje para la motricidad orofacial en bebés se completó con 8 ítems de evaluación. (AU)

Telehealth and Speech Therapy: usability assessment of an orientation and prevention program of orofacial myofunctional changes, during the COVID-19 pandemic.

PURPOSE: To assess the effect of an virtual speech-language orientation program, as well as the prevention of orofacial myofunctional alterations. METHODS: Fifty-five volunteer residents aged between 18 and 50 years of age residents of Federal District participated in the study, 14 men and 41 women with an average of 28. The orientation program was divided into five stages (1) The preparation of material to be used in the orientation program, (2) The completion of a semi-structured questionnaire made available through Google Forms, (3) Completion of a pre-orientation program questionnaire, (4) utilization of the speech therapy orientation program, (5) Completion of the post-orientation program questionnaire. To analyze the results the McNemar statistical test was used considering the absolute frequency (N), enabling comparison through a paired sample. The significance level adopted was 5%. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were seen in 10 of the 19 questions asked in the pre and post-orientation program questionnaires, proving the effect of the orientation program and improvement in participants' knowledge. In addition the participants were satisfied with the program and the content. CONCLUSION: The orientation program focused on health promotion and prevention of orofacial myofunctional alterations and combined with telehealth brought significant changes to the reality of the participants, favoring the quality of life of these individuals and changing their reality.

Evaluation of an oral function promotion programme for the independent elderly in Japan.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to provide an oral function promotion programme for the independent elderly and evaluate the changes in oral health status and oral function. BACKGROUND: Few studies have scientifically analysed and evaluated the effectiveness of oral function promotion programmes provided for the independent elderly. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The subjects were independent elderly females (mean age: 74.6 +/- 6.3) recruited from senior citizens' centres in Tokyo. The intervention group (n = 79) received a 3-month oral function promotion programme, which included facial muscle and tongue exercises and salivary gland massages. The control group (n = 62) did not receive this programme. RESULTS: In the intervention group, the tongue coating scores decreased and the organoleptic score of oral malodour fell. The amount of food debris in the oral cavity decreased and the tongue dryness improved. Furthermore, the salivary flow rate increased. The length of time for maintaining the tongue in the forward position increased from 11.2 s to 18.7 s, and the number of times for moving the tip of the tongue in a clockwise circular motion, counter-clockwise circular motion and side-to-side motion within 30 s, increased from 14.5 to 20.6, 14.5 to 20.2, and 17.2 to 23.3 respectively. The number of times for movement of the lips significantly improved from 23.0 to 28.8 and the pronunciation of words was observed to be clearer. CONCLUSION: An oral function promotion programme was effective in improving the oral health status and oral function of an independent elderly population.