Assessment of changes in membrane properties of platelets from patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia in different stages of the disease.

ABSTRACT

Patients with chronic myeloproliferative leukemia (CML) have frequent haemorrhage and/or thrombosis in their medical history. The mechanisms of these major and life-threatening complications remain unclear. Membrane organization influences many of the unique cellular functions and is strongly correlated, among other factors, to the membrane lipid composition; it may be evaluated by following up the membrane fluidity and aggregation properties of the platelet. In this study, we evaluated the platelet aggregation, the expression of platelet surface receptors, the membrane fluidity (as evaluated by fluorescence anisotropy) and its correlation to reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, in patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). It was found that the patients in accelerated and blastic phase of CML present an altered platelet aggregation response to all reagents except for ristocetin as compared with chronic phase group, which shows only epinephrine-altered response. We also found that BCR/ABL transcript leads to higher levels of ROS in accelerated and blastic CML phases. Patients without molecular remission have lower platelet membrane fluidity. We obtained a positive correlation between ROS level and membrane fluorescence anisotropy changes. The CD41 expression was decreased in CML patients and P selectin expression was found to be higher in these patients than in healthy volunteers. Platelets of CML patients have altered aggregation parameters in accelerated and blastic phases, in which BCR/ABL transcript level is increased. The increased level of ROS in CML patients without molecular remission is associated with a decrease in fluidity of platelet membrane and expression of CD41/CD61 receptors. These findings may contribute to understanding the mechanism of the altered platelet response reported in CML patients.