Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Non-Inherited Risk Factors for Congenital Heart Disease Among Mothers in Al-Baha City, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

ABSTRACT

Background Despite advancements in healthcare, congenital heart disease (CHD) remains a global concern. It is crucial to understand non-inherited risk factors for CHD to develop effective prevention strategies. This study evaluates the awareness and impact of socio-economic factors on the knowledge and practices regarding CHD among mothers in Al-Baha City, Saudi Arabia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using a structured questionnaire distributed among 300 mothers. This questionnaire collected demographic data and assessed the knowledge of non-inherited CHD risk factors, along with associated health practices. Chi-square tests were employed for categorical variables, and logistic regression was used to analyze the influence of socioeconomic factors on awareness levels. Results The study revealed a significant association between higher educational levels and increased awareness of CHD risk factors. About 75% of mothers with postgraduate education accurately identified major risk factors, compared to 30% of those with only a high school education. Additionally, income levels influenced health practices, with higher-income groups showing better adherence to recommended health behaviors. Conclusion Our findings highlight the need for targeted educational interventions tailored to diverse socio-economic backgrounds to enhance awareness of CHD risk factors and promote preventive health practices. The study emphasizes the importance of incorporating socioeconomic considerations into public health strategies to reduce the incidence of CHD.