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INTRODUCTION: Dead space management following debridement surgery in chronic osteomyelitis or septic non-unions is one of the most crucial and discussed steps for the success of the surgical treatment of these conditions. In this retrospective clinical study, we described the efficacy and safety profile of surgical debridement and local application of S53P4 bioactive glass (S53P4 BAG) in the treatment of bone infections. METHODS: A consecutive single-center series of 38 patients with chronic osteomyelitis (24) and septic non-unions (14), treated with bioactive glass S53P4 as dead space management following surgical debridement between May 2015 and November 2020, were identified and evaluated retrospectively. RESULTS: Infection eradication was reached in 22 out of 24 patients (91.7%) with chronic osteomyelitis. Eleven out of 14 patients (78.6%) with septic non-union achieved both fracture healing and infection healing in 9.1 ± 4.9 months. Three patients (7.9%) developed prolonged serous discharge with wound dehiscence but healed within 2 months with no further surgical intervention. Average patient follow-up time was 19.8 months ± 7.6 months. CONCLUSION: S53P4 bioactive glass is an effective and safe therapeutic option in the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis and septic non-unions because of its unique antibacterial properties, but also for its ability to generate a growth response in the remaining healthy bone at the bone-glass interface.
Subject(s)
Bone Substitutes , Osteomyelitis , Humans , Retrospective Studies , Bone Substitutes/therapeutic use , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Persistent Infection , Osteomyelitis/drug therapy , Osteomyelitis/surgery , Osteomyelitis/microbiologyABSTRACT
Purpose: Over the last two decades the incidence of meniscal injuries has grown amongst the pediatric population predominantly due to greater involvement in sporting activities. The treatment and the natural history represent a socioeconomic burden for healthcare systems. This study demonstrates the epidemiology of meniscal tears treated surgically in Italy from 2010 to 2019 in a population up to 18 years. Methods: Data was collected from the National Archive of Hospital Discharges. ICD9-CM classification was used to select surgically treated meniscal injuries. Concomitant treatment of associated lesions were excluded. Data on the national population was retrieved from the Italian National Institute for Statistics (ISTAT). Statistical analyses were performed. Results: 17,449 isolated meniscal tears were surgically treated with a mean incidence of 20.6 per 100.000 in the Italian population aged up to 18 from 2010 to 2019. The mean age of patients was 15.85 with 89 % aged 14 or older. 30 % of the population was female. The incidence of medial meniscal surgery was higher than for the lateral meniscus. A declining trend in surgical incidence was observed. The mean hospitalization time was 1.53 days. Conclusions: Our study reveals a reduction in the total number of surgeries performed over the time frame and a significant rise in the incidence of meniscal lesions in pediatric patient above at the age of 13, especially in males. Despite a worldwide shift towards meniscal preservation, this trend is not evident in Italy as the current ICD9-CM classification does not differentiate between meniscectomy and meniscal repair, although an overall reduction in surgery may imply better management. Study design: Cohort study; Level of evidence III.
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Purpose: Anterior cruciate ligament repair techniques are of growing interest because they allow for minimally invasive surgery that avoids harvesting of the transplant, without risking growth deficiencies in young patients. The aim of this study is to summarize the published evidence about arthroscopic repair of anterior cruciate ligament proximal tears in skeletally immature patients. Methods: In total, four studies were included and processed for data extraction after screening for eligibility for this systematic review: one retrospective cohort study and three retrospective case series. Altogether, the four studies included in this review included 61 skeletally immature patients with a mean age of 12.1 years diagnosed with proximal anterior cruciate ligament tear who underwent arthroscopic repair with preservation of the native ligament. The mean follow-up period was 2.8 years. Results: The most relevant and objective outcome that we considered was re-rupture rate. One study reports a cumulative incidence of graft failure in the first 3 years after surgery of 48.8% while the others report a 0%, 0% and 21.5% re-rupture rate. No growth disturbances were reported in the included studies. Conclusion: Despite growing interest surrounding anterior cruciate ligament repair techniques, the presence of limited quality studies in the literature means repair cannot be strongly supported at present. Some encouraging data regarding the absence of growth disturbance and functional outcomes does exist, but studies with larger samples are required. Level of evidence: level IV.
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Groin pain syndrome (GPS) is a controversial topic in Sports Medicine. The GPS Italian Consensus Conference on terminology, clinical evaluation and imaging assessment of groin pain in athletes was organized by the Italian Society of Arthroscopy in Milan, on 5 February 2016. In this Consensus Conference (CC) GPS etiology was divided into 11 different categories for a total of 63 pathologies. The GPS Italian Consensus Conference update 2023 is an update of the 2016 CC. The CC was based on a sequential, two-round online Delphi survey, followed by a final CC in the presence of all panelists. The panel was composed of 55 experts from different scientific and clinical backgrounds. Each expert discussed 6 different documents, one of which regarded the clinical and imaging definition of sports hernias, and the other 5 dealt with 5 new clinical situations thought to result in GPS. The panelists came to an agreement on the definition of a sports hernia. Furthermore, an agreement was reached, recognizing 4 of the 5 possible proposed pathologies as causes to GPS. On the contrary, the sixth pathology discussed did not find consensus given the insufficient evidence in the available scientific literature. The final document includes a new clinical and imaging definition of sports hernia. Furthermore, the etiology of GPS was updated compared to the previous CC of 2016. The new taxonomic classification includes 12 categories (versus 11 in the previous CC) and 67 pathologies (versus 63 in the previous CC).
Subject(s)
Groin , Sports , Humans , Groin/diagnostic imaging , Hernia , Pain , ItalyABSTRACT
El complejo articular del hombro está formado por cinco articulaciones. Tres de estas son verdaderas: glenohumeral (GH), acromioclavicular (AC) y esternoclavicular (EC); y dos, falsas: escapulotorácica (ET) y subacromial (Sa). Es la articulación con mayor rango de movimiento (ROM, por Range of Motion) del cuerpo y la más propensa a inestabilidades, ocupa el 45% de todas las luxaciones, y 95% de estas corresponden a luxación anteroinferior. Presentamos el acrónimo A.R.A.R.A.I., que nos detalla las iniciales del esquema ordenado a seguir en un traumatismo de hombro que exhiba luxación GH.A (Axilar valoración neurovascular): comprende la valoración neurológica y vascular, la más importante de todas, inclusive antes de la radiografía y la reducción. R (Radiografía): no se puede proceder a la reducción de una luxación glenohumeral sin antes tener una radiografía que descarte fractura, si se procediera a una reducción sin una radiografía y se presenta una fractura en el control posreducción, la maniobra de reducción sería la causa de la fractura por lo que, para evitar problemas legales, siempre se debe solicitar una radiografía antes de esta maniobra. A (Anestesia): todo paciente debe ser sometido a una reducción bajo anestesia, sobre todo si es atendido en un hospital donde se cuenta con servicio de anestesiología. R (Reducción): se utilizan diferentes métodos o técnicas, recomendamos que el médico realice la maniobra con la que tenga mayor afinidad. A (Axilar Rx Posreducción): una de las mayores complicaciones en una LGH es la fractura del borde anterior de la glena no diagnosticada, por lo que la radiografía axilar posreducción, sobre todo en primoluxaciones, nos permite diagnosticar una lesión de Bankart ósea (Bony Bankart) y tratarla desde el primer episodio para evitar la reabsorción del fragmento fracturado.I (Inmovilización en neutro):es importante el tiempo de inmovilización. Recomendamos veintiún días y posición neutra para disminuir el porcentaje de recidiva.La importancia de esta guía es la adecuada valoración clínica, neurovascular, radiológica y oportuno diagnóstico de patologías concomitantes
The shoulder joint complex is made up of five joints. Three of them are true: glenohumeral (GH), acromioclavicular (AC) and sternoclavicular (SC) and two are false: scapulothoracic (ST) and subacromial (SA). It is the joint with the highest Range of Motion (ROM) in the body and the most prone to instability, occupying 45% of all dislocations, 95% of which correspond to the anteroinferior dislocation. We present the acronym A.R.A.R.A.I., which details the initials of the scheme ordered to follow in a shoulder trauma with GH dislocation.A (Axillary nerve anesthesia): includes the neurological and vascular evaluation, the most important of all, even before radiography and reduction.R (Radiography): it is not possible to proceed to the reduction of a glenohumeral dislocation without first having an X-ray that rules out a fracture, if a reduction is carried out without an X-ray and a fracture occurs in the post-reduction control, the maneuver of reduction is the cause of the fracture so, to avoid legal problems, always request an X-ray before a reduction.A (Anesthesia): every patient must undergo a reduction under anesthesia, especially if the patient is cared for in a hospital where there is an anesthesiology service