[Forehead burns]. / Les brûlures du front.

Severe burns on the forehead are rare; well-conducted initial surgical treatment also limits the occurrence of sequelae. Therefore, indications for repairing the forehead arise from complex burns often extending to adjacent units. Repair techniques depend on the location and size of the lesions, associated nearby damage, and the patient's ability to withstand the burden of treatment. Management at the acute stage determines the sequelae; excision-grafting is the standard treatment, but it yields good results only if the fundamental principles of repair are respected: intervention within the 10th and 15th days post-burn, graft harvesting from the cephalic extremity or the upper part of the thorax and arms, and respect for the frontal unit. Sequelae management follows the same imperatives and typically requires skin expansion: front expansion for skin flaps if enough frontal skin is still available, upper thorax expansion for full thickness skin grafts if the frontal scar is too extensive. However, the excellent results obtained should not conceal the significant constraints associated with skin expansion.

[Increased risk of bleeding during abdominal dermolipectomies in men: Myth or reality?] / Surrisque hémorragique au cours des dermolipectomies abdominales chez les hommes : mythe ou réalité ?

INTRODUCTION: Abdominoplasty is the most frequently performed procedure for the treatment of weight loss sequelaes. It carries risks of complications, especially in patients with multiple metabolic comorbidities. It is commonly accepted that the male population develops more postoperative complications, particularly haemorrhage, but there are very few studies showing this excessive morbidity. The aim of this study was to determine the increased risk of bleeding after anterior and circular abdominoplasty in men by comparing two series of 105 male and female patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective, single-center study including 105 male subjects undergoing simple or circular abdominoplasty between 2013 and 2022. The control group was composed of 105 women screened on the same terms. The data collection focused on different pre-, intra-, and postoperative variables, with the occurrence of a hematoma or the need for a transfusion during follow-up as the primary outcome. The analysis was performed according to a univariate and multivariate models. RESULTS: The rate of hematoma or transfusion, seroma, infection, amount of blood loss, and length of hospital stay were significantly greater in the male group. Multivariate analysis confirmed the independence of gender on the risk of developing a hematoma or requiring a transfusion. CONCLUSION: This study shows the excess morbidity in men, particularly haemorrhage, after abdominoplasty. This underlines the importance of a rigorous haemostasis and follow-up in this at risk population.

[Diagnostic pitfall: Early arising, multiple and recurrent Marjolin's ulcer. About 8 patients (16 tumors) and literature review]. / Piège diagnostique : l'ulcère de Marjolin d'apparition précoce, multiple ou récidivant. À propos d'une série de 8 patients (16 tumeurs) et revue de la littérature.

INTRODUCTION: Marjolin's ulcer (MU) is a large entity representing skin cancers resulting from the transformation of chronic wounds of a heterogeneous nature. Burn scars are the most at risk of degeneration, in particular because there are the sites of important skin tension. Atypical forms are not uncommon. The objective of this study is to present these exceptions which are underestimated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All patients with UM in our centre between January 2011 and February 2019 have been included permitting to report the initial pathology, the location, the latency time, the histology and the management carried out. RESULTS: Eight patients were treated in our center for MU, they developed 16 skin cancers. Fourteen were squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). The shortest latency period was 2 months. The youngest patient was 22 years old when she was diagnosed with MU. Three patients had at least 2 synchronous SCC. One patient had a recurrence after a split-thickness skin grafting on artificial dermis and 2 patients had second locations. CONCLUSION: Atypic forms are not rare. MU is commonly recurrent, multiple, early arising and may appear in young people. The treatment of chronic wounds cannot be dissociated from the treatment of contractures, otherwise the wound will inevitably reappear.

[Hetero-digital toe flap according to the « spare-part ¼ concept taken from a duplicated toe for the treatment of a cutaneous flessum of an associated clinodactyly]. / Lambeau hétéro-digital selon le principe du « doigt banque ¼ prélevé chez un orteil dupliqué pour le traitement d'un flessum cutané d'une clinodactylie associée.

INTRODUCTION: The correction of cutaneous deficiency encountered in clinodactyly is an important aspect of its treatment. The use of the skin lining of an adjacent duplicated toe as a « spare-part ¼ flap may be of interest in providing good quality tissue. CLINICAL CASE: We report the case of a child with complete duplication of the 5th toe associated with clinodactyly. The use of a heterodactyl flap taken from the amputated toe allows the release of a plantar cutaneous flange of the preserved toe. DISCUSSION: The concept of « spare-part ¼ flap is mainly used in hand surgery in traumatic lesions of the fingers. Its application in the treatment of clinodactyly on the occasion of the regularization of a polydactyly is also interesting because some fingers or toes are intended to be amputated to render a classical anatomy of five-toed foot. It is necessary for the realization of this type of flap on malformative toes to verify the existence of a distinct viable pedicle of the amputated toe, which can be done only intraoperatively. CONCLUSION: The surgery for congenital malformations of the toes requires perfect management of the skin capital. The use of a « spare-part ¼ toe flap taken from the toe to be amputated is a viable solution for the treatment of a cutaneous flessum encountered in a clinodactyly of the adjacent finger.

[Pollicization in the management of congenital hypoplasias and aplasias of the thumb, functional results, about 13 cases]. / Pollicisation dans la prise en charge des hypoplasies et aplasies congénitales du pouce, résultats fonctionnels, à propos de 13 cas.

INTRODUCTION: Pollicization of the index finger as a treatment for aplasia and severe congenital thumb hypoplasia remains a demanding surgical procedure. In aplasias, it is generally well-accepted, less in hypoplasias. However, it is often the only solution to give back to the child the possibilities of a pollici-digital grip, guaranteeing an excellent function of the hand. We decided to evaluate the long-term results of this intervention. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We reviewed all children operated of index pollicization for a congenital aplasia or hypoplasia of the thumb between 2006 and 2018. The evaluation was performed with a specialized reeducator. The analytical and functional characteristics of the neo-thumbs were evaluated, as well as the consequences on the daily life of the child. RESULTS: Thirteen pollicisations were performed on 10 patients. The mean age at surgery was 21 months (10; 43). It was a Blauth stage IIIB in 1 case, IV in 5 cases, and V in 7 cases. Seven children, and eight hands, could be evaluated. The average postoperative follow-up was 6.5 years. The mean age at the examination was 7.7 years (3.3, 12.1). The mean Percival score was 18 out of 22. The adapted video-assisted scoring system had an average score of 11 out of 14. Children described a momentary psychosocial discomfort for 5 of them, and still present in 3 of them. CONCLUSION: The pollicization of the index finger in congenital aplasia or severe hypoplasia (stage IIIB and IV) of the thumb remains for us the only way to create a sensitive thumb, mobile, with satisfactory strength and appearance, and to bring a normal function of the hand. The evaluation of our functional results are good to very good in the majority of patients, and show the benefits give by this intervention.

Abdominoplasty with simultaneous laparoscopic umbilical hernia repair: A practical approach to preserve the umbilical vascularization.

BACKGROUND: Umbilical necrosis is a well-known complication of abdominoplasty, the risk of this complication can be increased when an associated umbilical hernia requires further dissection in peri-umbilical region, potentially leading to umbilical devascularisation. Multiple minimally invasive open techniques were described to avoid this problem. The combined approach of abdominoplasty with laparoscopic umbilical hernia repair is one promising solution to avoid devascularising the umbilicus. METHODS: A retrospective evaluation of patients who underwent concomitant abdominoplasty with laparoscopic umbilical hernia repair from 2007 to 2017 was carried out. All patients were followed up and evaluated for complications, including the incidence of umbilical skin necrosis. RESULTS: A total of 47 patients were included in this study. The average operative duration was 3.3hours with an average hospital stay of 2.5 days. No cases of postoperative umbilical necrosis were encountered. A mean follow-up period was 2.4 years showed no cases of hernia or rectus abdominis diastasis recurrence. Minor complications included 4 cases of dehiscence, one hematoma. There was no major complications. CONCLUSION: The concomitant use of laparoscopic umbilical hernia repair and abdominoplasty is a feasible approach to reduce the risks of umbilical devascularization. Especially in larger hernias and in patients with higher risk of recurrence.

[The advantages in using cyanoacrylate glue over skin staples as a method of skin graft fixation in the pediatric burns population]. / Fixation des greffes de peau mince dans les brûlures de l'enfant : étude des avantages de la colle de cyanoacrylate versus agrafes.

INTRODUCTION: Local postoperative care and burn wound management can present with a certain degree of difficulty in the pediatric population. While the use of skin staples as a method of skin graft fixation is a well-known, rapid and simple method, their removal can be painful and may necessitate some sedation or even general anesthesia. We studied in this article the advantages and economic value of using the cyanoacrylate glue as a fixation method for skin grafts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A comparative study was carried out from 2012 to 2016. Hundred and eighteen infants with burns up to 5% of total body surface area were included in the study. Seventy-two infants had split thickness skin grafts fixed with skin staples. Forty-six infants had split thickness skin grafts fixed with cyanoacrylate glue. We compared the quality of graft, the sedation used during the first postoperative dressing, the length of hospital stay, the amount of glue used and the presence of complications. RESULTS: There is a difference between the two groups studied in terms of age and total burn surface area. The rate of graft take was 100% in both groups. The first postoperative dressing was carried out without the use of powerful analgesia in the cyanoacrylate group, while it was necessary to use general anesthesia in 64% of the skin staples group. The average length of stay in hospital after skin grafting was 4.9 days for the cyanoacrylate glue versus 6.5 days in the skin staples group. No complications were noted in the 2 groups. CONCLUSION: The use of cyanoacrylate glue allows rapid fixation of skin grafts and avoid general anesthesia for postoperative cares. Subsequently the length of hospital stay is reduced within 25%. The medico-economic value of glue protocol is highly significant compared to skin staples, while having similar good results and without significant problems.

[Complications Following Treatment for Excessive Axillary Sweating With Microwaves: A Case Report]. / Complications D'Un traitement De L'Hyperhydrose Axillaire Par Micro-Ondes: À Propos D'Un Cas.

Excessive axillary sweating is a frequent reason for seeking consultation in aesthetic medicine. Botulic toxin therapies have been used for years for this condition. A microwave-based treatment (MiraDry®) has been used in France since 2011. We present the case of a patient who developed complications following such a treatment for excessive axillary sweating, namely dermal detachment, subcutaneous collections, dermal thickening, retractile scars responsible for pain and limitation of axillary amplitudes. These complications mimic the natural evolution of deep axillary burns. In this paper, we propose a management method for patients with this type of complication.