Frontal EEG asymmetry moderates the relation between borderline personality disorder features and feelings of social rejection in adolescents.

Although associations among borderline personality disorder (BPD), social rejection, and frontal EEG alpha asymmetry scores (FAA, a neural correlate of emotion regulation and approach-withdrawal motivations) have been explored in different studies, relatively little work has examined these relations during adolescence in the same study. We examined whether FAA moderated the relation between BPD features and rejection sensitivity following a validated social exclusion paradigm, Cyberball. A mixed, clinical-community sample of 64 adolescents (females = 62.5%; Mage = 14.45 years; SD = 1.6; range = 11-17 years) completed psychodiagnostic interviews and a self-report measure of BPD (Time 1). Approximately two weeks later (Time 2), participants completed a resting EEG recording followed by Cyberball. FAA moderated the relation between BPD features and overall feelings of rejection following Cyberball: individuals with greater relative left FAA had the highest and lowest feelings of social rejection depending on whether they had high and low BPD feature scores, respectively. Results remained after controlling for age, sex, gender, depression, and BPD diagnosis. These results suggest that FAA may moderate the relation between BPD features and social rejection, and that left frontal brain activity at rest may be differentially associated with those feelings in BPD. Findings are discussed in terms of the link between left frontal brain activity in the regulation and dysregulation of social approach behaviors, characteristic of BPD.

Acute mental health service use in adolescents with suicidal thoughts and behaviours: Impact on outpatient care.

INTRODUCTION: Youth with suicidal thoughts and behaviours often present to acute emergency care settings for assessment. Timely outpatient follow up may reduce return acute care visits. The primary aim of our study was to describe clinical and contextual differences between youth who do and do not use acute care once connected to outpatient services. METHODS: A 24-month retrospective chart review of suicidal youth aged 13-16 (n = 45) presenting for outpatient mental health treatment. Youth who used acute services during the study period (ASU) or did not (non-ASU) were compared on demographic, risk profile, and mental health service use. RESULTS: The mean age of participants was 14.6 years (73% female). Suicide risk profile at baseline did not differ between groups, but was significantly higher in ASU youth at 24 months. There were more youth in service at the end of the study period in the ASU group compared to the non-ASU group (11% vs 55%). CONCLUSION: Youth who do continue to access acute services may be at higher risk of suicidality even after outpatient treatment. Although it is unclear whether this is linked to outpatient engagement, it raises further questions about this population and how they respond to community based mental healthcare.

Examining the predictive association of irritability with borderline personality disorder in a clinical sample of female adolescents.

OBJECTIVES: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a disorder associated with emotion dysregulation and is common in clinical samples of adolescents. The identification and delineation of BPD from other disorders is important, yet methods for effectively screening for BPD are lacking. Here, we examine whether irritability can be used as a screening item for BPD in adolescents at risk for the disorder. METHODS: We assessed Diagnostic Interview for Borderline-Revised and Development of Well-Being Assessment scores in a clinical sample of female adolescents ages 12-17 (n = 78) to identify BPD and group cases into 'irritable' and 'non-irritable' mood types, respectively. We then examined the prevalence of irritability and its predictive association with BPD. RESULTS: The prevalence of BPD was 26% (n = 20). There was a significant association between irritable mood and BPD, specifically (χ2 (1) = 17.740, p < 0.001). Irritability was endorsed in all (n = 20) BPD cases (sensitivity: 100%), while in non-BPD cases (n = 58), irritability was endorsed in 27 (specificity: 53%; positive predictive value: 0.33; and negative predictive value: 1.0). CONCLUSION: Irritability is a highly sensitive screening item for BPD in adolescents. The absence of irritability in an adolescent may be an important clinical tool to rule out BPD. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.