Electron ionization gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (ei-gc-ms) analysis of extracted oil from Tribulus terrestris seeds.

The fine powdered form T. terrestris seeds, was extracted with n-hexane by soxhlet apparatus. The aim of the study was to analyze the T. terrestris seed oil (sample-A) by electron ionization Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (EI-GC-MS) using full scan method within mass range from 40-700 charge to mass ratio (m/z). Out of 102 compounds (1A-102A) 11 compounds (30A, 32A, 37A, 45A, 47A, 48A, 49A, 64A, 83A, 101A and 102A) could not be identified and 91 were identified by classical interpretation of the mass spectrum and by using NIST14 library with match factor > 95 of mass spectrums. While among the 91 identified compounds 18 were found common therefore finally 73 compounds were identified in the present EI-GC-MS analysis of sample-A.

In vitro Spectroscopic studies on drug interaction of cefpodoxime proxetil and H2 receptor blockers.

One of the relatively advance 3rd generation cephalosporins, cefpodoxime proxetil, is being used all-around. Generally, these are used for the cure of infections allied to urinary and respiratory tract. These cephalosporins have showed a remarkable in vitro activity against many strains of bacteria which are resistant to other orally used active medicinal substances. It is the first oral 3rd generation cephalosporin to be used in the cure of skin infections. The practice of H2 receptor antagonists, concerning lots of treatments recommended in patients with different types of ulcers and allergic urticarial condition, is raising hazards of unwanted secondary outcomes and drug interactions. Learning of in-vitro interaction between cefpodoxime poxetil and H2 blockers (Ranitidine, Famotidine and Cimetidine) were examined applying UV/Visible spectrophotometry and Infrared spectrometry. In the existence of H2 receptor blockers, the cefpodoxime proxetil availability was found to be decreased in vitro only under specific conditions. Furthermore, complexes of Cefpodoxime proxetil-H2 receptor antagonists were manufactured approving the interaction of these drugs. Finally, the above mentioned spectrophotometric techniques were employed to examine the complexes formed (Cefpodoxime proxetil-cimetidine, cefpodoxime proxetil-famotidine and cefpodoxime proxetil-ranitidine).

In vitro availability of lomefloxacin hydrochloride in presence of essential and trace elements.

Lomefloxacin hydrochloride is a third generation fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent having a broad spectrum of action against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. The in vitro availability studies of lomefloxacin were carried out in presence of essential and trace elements such as magnesium, calcium, chromium, ferric, ferrous, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc and cadmium in simulated gastric juice, simulated intestinal juice and blood pH at 37 degrees C using B.P 2003 dissolution test apparatus. It was observed that availability of lomefloxacin was depressed in presence of nickel and zinc in simulated gastric juice and in presence of Fe2+ in simulated intestinal juice, while many metals like magnesium, chromium, iron (both Fe2+ and Fe3+), cobalt, nickel, copper and cadmium depressed the availability of lomefloxacin at blood pH. Furthermore, the availability of lomefloxacin alone in simulated intestinal juice and at blood pH was reduced as compared to simulated gastric juice. The antibacterial activities of lomefloxacin in presence of these metal ions were observed and compared to control against six different microorganisms i.e., Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus fragilis and Streptococcus pneumonia by disc diffusion method to measure the inhibitory zone and MIC were determined by tube dilution method.