ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Preoperative evaluation of Image Defined Risk Factors (IDRFs) in neuroblastoma (NB) is crucial for determining suitability for upfront resection or tumor biopsy. IDRFs do not all carry the same weighting in predicting tumor complexity and surgical risk. In this study we aimed to assess and categorize a surgical complexity (Surgical Complexity Index, SCI) in NB resection. METHODS: A panel of 15 surgeons was involved in an electronic Delphi consensus survey to identify and score a set of shared items predictive and/or indicative of surgical complexity, including the number of preoperative IDRFs. A shared agreement included the achievement of at least 75% consensus focused on a single or two close risk categories. RESULTS: After 3 Delphi rounds, agreement was established on 25/27 items (92.6%). A severity score was established for each item ranging from 0 to 3 with an overall SCI range varying from a minimum score of zero to a maximum score of 29 points for any given patient. CONCLUSIONS: A consensus on a SCI to stratify the risks related to neuroblastoma tumor resection was established by the panel experts. This index will now be deployed to critically assign a better severity score to IDRFs involved in NB surgery.
Subject(s)
Neuroblastoma , Humans , Neuroblastoma/surgery , Neuroblastoma/pathology , Risk Factors , Preoperative Care , BiopsyABSTRACT
Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome (SRUS) is a rare condition in children. It is well recognised in the adult literature. We report our experience with 3 patients; two boys presented at a very young age (18 and 24 months, respectively) with a clinical picture simulating inflammatory bowel diseases. The other patient was a fifteen-year-old girl presenting with severe rectal stricture as a result of the syndrome, which is the first to be reported in the paediatric literature.
Subject(s)
Rectal Diseases/diagnosis , Ulcer/diagnosis , Adolescent , Child, Preschool , Colostomy , Constipation/etiology , Constriction, Pathologic , Female , Humans , Infant , Intestinal Mucosa/pathology , Male , Rectal Diseases/pathology , Rectal Diseases/surgery , Rectum/pathology , Syndrome , Ulcer/pathology , Ulcer/surgeryABSTRACT
Hyperammonemia has been reported rarely in the pediatric age group in systemically ill patients. All cases resulted from infections with urea splitting organisms, which are more common among patients who have undergone surgical procedures on the urinary tract. The authors report for the first time in the pediatric literature, one patient who presented with hyperammonemic encephalopathy that resulted from urinary tract infection with Staphylococcus epidermidis and Corynebacterium sp.