Embedding electronic perpetual motion into single-atom catalysts for persistent Fenton-like reactions.

In our quest to leverage the capabilities of the emerging single-atom catalysts (SACs) for wastewater purification, we confronted fundamental challenges related to electron scarcity and instability. Through meticulous theoretical calculations, we identified optimal placements for nitrogen vacancies (Nv) and iron (Fe) single-atom sites, uncovering a dual-site approach that significantly amplified visible-light absorption and charge transfer dynamics. Informed by these computational insights, we cleverly integrated Nv into the catalyst design to boost electron density around iron atoms, yielding a potent and flexible photoactivator for benign peracetic acid. This exceptional catalyst exhibited remarkable stability and effectively degraded various organic contaminants over 20 cycles with self-cleaning properties. Specifically, the Nv sites captured electrons, enabling their swift transfer to adjacent Fe sites under visible light irradiation. This mechanism accelerated the reduction of the formed "peracetic acid-catalyst" intermediate. Theoretical calculations were used to elucidate the synergistic interplay of dual mechanisms, illuminating increased adsorption and activation of reactive molecules. Furthermore, electron reduction pathways on the conduction band were elaborately explored, unveiling the production of reactive species that enhanced photocatalytic processes. A six-flux model and associated parameters were also applied to precisely optimize the photocatalytic process, providing invaluable insights for future photocatalyst design. Overall, this study offers a molecule-level insight into the rational design of robust SACs in a photo-Fenton-like system, with promising implications for wastewater treatment and other high-value applications.

Tailoring the selective generation of oxidative organic radicals for toxic-by-product-free water decontamination.

Peracetic acid (PAA) is emerging as a versatile agent for generating long-lived and selectively oxidative organic radicals (R-O•). Currently, the conventional transition metal-based activation strategies still suffer from metal ion leaching, undesirable by-products formation, and uncontrolled reactive species production. To address these challenges, we present a method employing BiOI with a unique electron structure as a PAA activator, thereby predominantly generating CH3C(O)O• radicals. The specificity of CH3C(O)O• generation ensured the superior performance of the BiOI/PAA system across a wide pH range (2.0 to 11.0), even in the presence of complex interfering substances such as humic acids, chloride ions, bicarbonate ions, and real-world water matrices. Unlike conventional catalytic oxidative methods, the BiOI/PAA system degrades sulfonamides without producing any toxic by-products. Our findings demonstrate the advantages of CH3C(O)O• in water decontamination and pave the way for the development of eco-friendly water decontaminations based on organic peroxides.

Salicylic acid-activated BIN2 phosphorylation of TGA3 promotes Arabidopsis PR gene expression and disease resistance.

The plant defense hormone, salicylic acid (SA), plays essential roles in immunity and systemic acquired resistance. Salicylic acid induced by the pathogen is perceived by the receptor nonexpressor of pathogenesis-related genes 1 (NPR1), which is recruited by TGA transcription factors to induce the expression of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes. However, the mechanism by which post-translational modifications affect TGA's transcriptional activity by salicylic acid signaling/pathogen infection is not well-established. Here, we report that the loss-of-function mutant of brassinosteroid insensitive2 (BIN2) and its homologs, bin2-3 bil1 bil2, causes impaired pathogen resistance and insensitivity to SA-induced PR gene expression, whereas the gain-of-function mutant, bin2-1, exhibited enhanced SA signaling and immunity against the pathogen. Our results demonstrate that salicylic acid activates BIN2 kinase, which in turn phosphorylates TGA3 at Ser33 to enhance TGA3 DNA binding ability and NPR1-TGA3 complex formation, leading to the activation of PR gene expression. These findings implicate BIN2 as a new component of salicylic acid signaling, functioning as a key node in balancing brassinosteroid-mediated plant growth and SA-induced immunity.

Synergy of crystallinity modulation and intercalation engineering in carbon nitride for boosted H2O2 photosynthesis.

Photosynthesis of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by selective oxygen reduction is a green and cost-effective alternative to the energy-intensive anthraquinone process. Although inexpensive polymeric graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) exhibits the ability to produce H2O2, its disordered and amorphous structure leads to a high recombination rate of photogenerated carriers and hinders charge transfer between layers. Herein, we predict that stacked polymeric g-C3N4 with ion intercalation (K+ and I-) can improve carrier separation and transfer by multiscale computational simulations. The electronic structures of g-C3N4 were tailored and modified by intercalating K+ and I- into the layer-by-layer structures. Guided by the computational predictions, we achieved efficient solar-driven H2O2 production by employing this facile and ion-intercalated crystalline g-C3N4. An H2O2 production rate of 13.1 mM g-1 h-1 and an apparent quantum yield of 23.6% at 400 nm were obtained. The synergistic effects of crystallinity regulation and dual interstitial doping engineering triggered the formation of new light absorption centers, the establishment of rapid charge diffusion channels, and the enhancement of two-electron oxygen reduction characteristics. This work sheds light on the dual tuning of crystallinity and electronic structure and broadens the design principles of organic-conjugated polymer photocatalysts for environmental remediation and energy conservation.

Unveiling singlet oxygen spin trapping in catalytic oxidation processes using in situ kinetic EPR analysis.

Singlet oxygen (1O2) plays a pivotal role in numerous catalytic oxidation processes utilized in water purification and chemical synthesis. The spin-trapping method based on electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis is commonly employed for 1O2 detection. However, it is often limited to time-independent acquisition. Recent studies have raised questions about the reliability of the 1O2 trapper, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine (TEMP), in various systems. In this study, we introduce a comprehensive, kinetic examination to monitor the spin-trapping process in EPR analysis. The EPR intensity of the trapping product was used as a quantitative measurement to evaluate the concentration of 1O2 in aqueous systems. This in situ kinetic study was successfully applied to a classical photocatalytic system with exceptional accuracy. Furthermore, we demonstrated the feasibility of our approach in more intricate 1O2-driven catalytic oxidation processes for water decontamination and elucidated the molecular mechanism of direct TEMP oxidation. This method can avoid the false-positive results associated with the conventional 2D 1O2 detection techniques, and provide insights into the reaction mechanisms in 1O2-dominated catalytic oxidation processes. This work underscores the necessity of kinetic studies for spin-trapping EPR analysis, presenting an avenue for a comprehensive exploration of the mechanisms governing catalytic oxidation processes.

Slow-release synthesis of Cu single-atom catalysts with the optimized geometric structure and density of state distribution for Fenton-like catalysis.

Single-atom Fenton-like catalysis has attracted significant attention, yet the quest for controllable synthesis of single-atom catalysts (SACs) with modulation of electron configuration is driven by the current disadvantages of poor activity, low selectivity, narrow pH range, and ambiguous structure-performance relationship. Herein, we devised an innovative strategy, the slow-release synthesis, to fabricate superior Cu SACs by facilitating the dynamic equilibrium between metal precursor supply and anchoring site formation. In this strategy, the dynamics of anchoring site formation, metal precursor release, and their binding reaction kinetics were regulated. Bolstered by harmoniously aligned dynamics, the selective and specific monatomic binding reactions were ensured to refine controllable SACs synthesis with well-defined structure-reactivity relationship. A copious quantity of monatomic dispersed metal became deposited on the C3N4/montmorillonite (MMT) interface and surface with accessible exposure due to the convenient mass transfer within ordered MMT. The slow-release effect facilitated the generation of targeted high-quality sites by equilibrating the supply and demand of the metal precursor and anchoring site and improved the utilization ratio of metal precursors. An excellent Fenton-like reactivity for contaminant degradation was achieved by the Cu1/C3N4/MMT with diminished toxic Cu liberation. Also, the selective ·OH-mediated reaction mechanism was elucidated. Our findings provide a strategy for regulating the intractable anchoring events and optimizing the microenvironment of the monatomic metal center to synthesize superior SACs.

Distinguishing homogeneous advanced oxidation processes in bulk water from heterogeneous surface reactions in organic oxidation.

Clarifying the reaction pathways at the solid-water interface and in bulk water solution is of great significance for the design of heterogeneous catalysts for selective oxidation of organic pollutants. However, achieving this goal is daunting because of the intricate interfacial reactions at the catalyst surface. Herein, we unravel the origin of the organic oxidation reactions with metal oxide catalysts, revealing that the radical-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) prevail in bulk water but not on the solid catalyst surfaces. We show that such differing reaction pathways widely exist in various chemical oxidation (e.g., high-valent Mn3+ and MnOX) and Fenton and Fenton-like catalytic oxidation (e.g., Fe2+ and FeOCl catalyzing H2O2, Co2+ and Co3O4 catalyzing persulfate) systems. Compared with the radical-based degradation and polymerization pathways of one-electron indirect AOP in homogeneous reactions, the heterogeneous catalysts provide unique surface properties to trigger surface-dependent coupling and polymerization pathways of a two-electron direct oxidative transfer process. These findings provide a fundamental understanding of catalytic organic oxidation processes at the solid-water interface, which could guide the design of heterogeneous nanocatalysts.

Fusobacterium nucleatum exacerbates the progression of pulpitis by regulating the STING-dependent pathway.

Bacterial infection is the main cause of pulpitis. However, whether a dominant bacteria can promote the progression of pulpitis and its underlying mechanism remains unclear. We provided a comprehensive assessment of the microbiota alteration in pulpitis using 16S rRNA sequencing. Fusobacterium nucleatum was the most enriched in pulpitis and played a pathogenic role accelerating pulpitis progression in rat pulpitis model. After odontoblast-like cells cocultured with F. nucleatum, the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway and autophagy were activation. There was a float of STING expression during F. nucleatum stimulation. STING was degraded by autophagy at the early stage. At the late stage, F. nucleatum stimulated mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) production, mitochondrial dysfunction and then mtDNA escape into cytosol. mtDNA, which escaped into cytosol, caused more cytosolic mtDNA binds to cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS). The release of IFN-ß was dramatically reduced when mtDNA-cGAS-STING pathway inhibited. STING-/- mice showed milder periapical bone loss and lower serum IFN-ß levels compared with wildtype mice after 28 days F. nucleatum-infected pulpitis model establishment. Our data demonstrated that F. nucleatum exacerbated the progression of pulpitis, which was mediated by the STING-dependent pathway.

Facilely tuning the intrinsic catalytic sites of the spinel oxide for peroxymonosulfate activation: From fundamental investigation to pilot-scale demonstration.

Heterogeneous peroxymonosulfate (PMS)-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have shown a great potential for pollutant degradation, but their feasibility for large-scale water treatment application has not been demonstrated. Herein, we develop a facile coprecipitation method for the scalable production (∼10 kg) of the Cu-Fe-Mn spinel oxide (CuFeMnO). Such a catalyst has rich oxygen vacancies and symmetry-breaking sites, which endorse it with a superior PMS-catalytic capacity. We find that the working reactive species and their contributions are highly dependent on the properties of target organic pollutants. For the organics with electron-donating group (e.g., -OH), high-valent metal species are mainly responsible for the pollutant degradation, whereas for the organics with electron-withdrawing group (e.g., -COOH and -NO2), hydroxyl radical (•OH) as the secondary oxidant also plays an important role. We demonstrate that the CuFeMnO-PMS system is able to achieve efficient and stable removal of the pollutants in the secondary effluent from a municipal wastewater plant at both bench and pilot scales. Moreover, we explore the application prospect of this PMS-based AOP process for large-scale wastewater treatment. This work describes an opportunity to scalably prepare robust spinel oxide catalysts for water purification and is beneficial to the practical applications of the heterogeneous PMS-AOPs.

Identification of Fenton-like active Cu sites by heteroatom modulation of electronic density.

Developing heterogeneous catalysts with atomically dispersed active sites is vital to boost peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation for Fenton-like activity, but how to controllably adjust the electronic configuration of metal centers to further improve the activation kinetics still remains a great challenge. Herein, we report a systematic investigation into heteroatom-doped engineering for tuning the electronic structure of Cu-N4 sites by integrating electron-deficient boron (B) or electron-rich phosphorus (P) heteroatoms into carbon substrate for PMS activation. The electron-depleted Cu-N4/C-B is found to exhibit the most active oxidation capacity among the prepared Cu-N4 single-atom catalysts, which is at the top rankings of the Cu-based catalysts and is superior to most of the state-of-the-art heterogeneous Fenton-like catalysts. Conversely, the electron-enriched Cu-N4/C-P induces a decrease in PMS activation. Both experimental results and theoretical simulations unravel that the long-range interaction with B atoms decreases the electronic density of Cu active sites and down-shifts the d-band center, and thereby optimizes the adsorption energy for PMS activation. This study provides an approach to finely control the electronic structure of Cu-N4 sites at the atomic level and is expected to guide the design of smart Fenton-like catalysts.

Uniform Nanoscale Ion-Selective Membrane Prepared by Precision Control of Solution Spreading and Evaporation.

Ion-selective membrane has broad application in various fields, while the present solution-processed techniques can only prepare uniform membrane with microscale thickness. Herein, a high-quality polymer membrane with nanoscale thickness and uniformity is precisely prepared by controlling solution spreading and solvent evaporation stability/rate. With the arrayed capillaries, the stable spreading of polymer solution with volume of microliter induces the formation of solution film with micrometers thickness. Moreover, the fast increase of solution dynamic viscosity during solvent evaporation inhibits nonuniform Marangoni flow and capillary flow in solution film. Consequently, the uniform Nafion-Li membranes with ∼200 nm thickness are prepared, while their Li+ conductivity is 2 orders of magnitude higher than that of commercially Nafion-117 membrane. Taking lithium-sulfur battery as a model device, the cells (capacities of 8-10 mAh cm-2) can stably operate for 150 cycles at a S loading of 12 mg cm-2 and an electrolyte/sulfur ratio of ∼7.

A Chimeric Classical Insect-Specific Flavivirus Provides Complete Protection Against West Nile Virus Lethal Challenge in Mice.

West Nile virus (WNV), an arthropod-borne flavivirus, can cause severe symptoms, including encephalitis, and death, posing a threat to public health and the economy. However, there is still no approved treatment or vaccine available for humans. Here, we developed a novel vaccine platform based on a classical insect-specific flavivirus (cISF) YN15-283-02, which was derived from Culicoides. The cISF-WNV chimera was constructed by replacing prME structural genes of the infectious YN15-283-02 cDNA clone with those of WNV and successfully rescued in Aedes albopictus cells. cISF-WNV was nonreplicable in vertebrate cells and nonpathogenic in type I interferon receptor (IFNAR)-deficient mice. A single-dose immunization of cISF-WNV elicited considerable Th1-biased antibody responses in C57BL/6 mice, which was sufficient to offer complete protection against lethal WNV challenge with no symptoms. Our studies demonstrated the potential of the insect-specific cISF-WNV as a prophylactic vaccine candidate to prevent infection with WNV.

Altered counts and mitochondrial mass of peripheral blood leucocytes in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) damages liver cells through abnormal immune responses. Mitochondrial metabolism is necessary for effector functions of white blood cells (WBCs). The aim was to investigate the altered counts and mitochondrial mass (MM) of WBCs by two novel indicators of mitochondrial mass, MM and percentage of low mitochondrial membrane potential, MMPlow%, due to chronic HBV infection. The counts of lymphocytes, neutrophils and monocytes in the HBV infection group were in decline, especially for lymphocyte (p = 0.034) and monocyte counts (p = 0.003). The degraded MM (p = 0.003) and MMPlow% (p = 0.002) of lymphocytes and MM (p = 0.005) of monocytes suggested mitochondrial dysfunction of WBCs. HBV DNA within WBCs showed an extensive effect on mitochondria metabolic potential of lymphocytes, neutrophils and monocytes indicated by MM; hepatitis B e antigen was associated with instant mitochondrial energy supply indicated by MMPlow% of neutrophils; hepatitis B surface antigen, antiviral therapy by nucleos(t)ide analogues and prolonged infection were also vital factors contributing to WBC alterations. Moreover, degraded neutrophils and monocytes could be used to monitor immune responses reflecting chronic liver fibrosis and inflammatory damage. In conclusion, MM combined with cell counts of WBCs could profoundly reflect WBC alterations for monitoring chronic HBV infection. Moreover, HBV DNA within WBCs may be a vital factor in injuring mitochondria metabolic potential.

Switching CO2 Electroreduction toward Ethanol by Delocalization State-Tuned Bond Cleavage.

The electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction by copper-based catalysts features a promising approach to generate value-added multicarbon (C2+) products. However, due to the unfavored formation of oxygenate intermediates on the catalyst surface, the selectivity of C2+ alcohols like ethanol remains unsatisfactory compared to that of ethylene. The bifurcation point (i.e., the CH2═CHO* intermediate adsorbed on Cu via a Cu-O-C linkage) is critical to the C2+ product selectivity, whereas the subsequent cleavage of the Cu-O or the O-C bond determines the ethanol or ethylene pathway. Inspired by the hard-soft acid-base theory, in this work, we demonstrate an electron delocalization tuning strategy of the Cu catalyst by a nitrene surface functionalization approach, which allows weakening and cleaving of the Cu-O bond of the adsorbed CH2═CHO*, as well as accelerating hydrogenation of the C═C bond along the ethanol pathway. As a result, the nitrene-functionalized Cu catalyst exhibited a much-enhanced ethanol Faradaic efficiency of 45% with a peak partial current density of 406 mA·cm-2, substantially exceeding that of unmodified Cu or amide-functionalized Cu. When assembled in a membrane electrode assembly electrolyzer, the catalyst presented a stable CO2-to-ethanol conversion for >300 h at an industrial current density of 400 mA·cm-2.

Recent Advances in the Crosstalk between Brassinosteroids and Environmental Stimuli.

Due to their sessile lifestyle, plants need to optimize their growth in order to adapt to ever-changing environments. Plants receive stimuli from the environment and convert them into cellular responses. Brassinosteroids (BRs), as growth-promoting steroid hormones, play a significant role in the tradeoff between growth and environmental responses. Here, we provide a comprehensive summary for understanding the crosstalk between BR and various environmental stresses, including water availability, temperature fluctuations, salinization, nutrient deficiencies and diseases. We also highlight the bottlenecks that need to be addressed in future studies. Ultimately, we suppose to improve plant environmental adaptability and crop yield by excavating natural BR mutants or modifying BR signaling and its targets.

Potential-Regulated Design for Direct Recycling of Degraded LiFePO4 Cathode.

The rapid proliferation of power sources equipped with lithium-ion batteries poses significant challenges in terms of post-scrap recycling and environmental impacts, necessitating urgent attention to the development of sustainable solutions. The cathode direct regeneration technologies present an optimal solution for the disposal of degraded cathodes, aiming to non-destructively re-lithiate and straightforwardly reuse degraded cathode materials with reasonable profits and excellent efficiency. Herein, a potential-regulated strategy is proposed for the direct recycling of degraded LiFePO4 cathodes, utilizing low-cost Na2SO3 as a reductant with lower redox potential in the alkaline systems. The aqueous re-lithiation approach, as a viable alternative, not only enables the re-lithiation of degraded cathode while ignoring variation in Li loss among different feedstocks but also utilizes the rapid sintering process to restore the cathode microstructure with desirable stoichiometry and crystallinity. The regenerated LiFePO4 exhibits enhanced electrochemical performance with a capacity of 144 mA h g-1 at 1 C and a high retention of 98% after 500 cycles at 5 C. Furthermore, this present work offers considerable prospects for the industrial implementation of directly recycled materials from lithium-ion batteries, resulting in improved economic benefits compared to conventional leaching methods.

The plastid-localized lipoamide dehydrogenase 1 is crucial for redox homeostasis, tolerance to arsenic stress and fatty acid biosynthesis in rice.

Soil contamination with arsenic (As) can cause phytotoxicity and reduce crop yield. The mechanisms of As toxicity and tolerance are not fully understood. In this study, we used a forward genetics approach to isolate a rice mutant, ahs1, that exhibits hypersensitivity to both arsenate and arsenite. Through genomic resequencing and complementation tests, we identified OsLPD1 as the causal gene, which encodes a putative lipoamide dehydrogenase. OsLPD1 was expressed in the outer cell layer of roots, root meristem cells, and in the mesophyll and vascular tissues of leaves. Subcellular localization and immunoblot analysis demonstrated that OsLPD1 is localized in the stroma of plastids. In vitro assays showed that OsLPD1 exhibited lipoamide dehydrogenase (LPD) activity, which was strongly inhibited by arsenite, but not by arsenate. The ahs1 and OsLPD1 knockout mutants exhibited significantly reduced NADH/NAD+ and GSH/GSSG ratios, along with increased levels of reactive oxygen species and greater oxidative stress in the roots compared with wild-type (WT) plants under As treatment. Additionally, loss-of-function of OsLPD1 also resulted in decreased fatty acid concentrations in rice grain. Taken together, our finding reveals that OsLPD1 plays an important role for maintaining redox homeostasis, conferring tolerance to arsenic stress, and regulating fatty acid biosynthesis in rice.

Novel copy number variations and phenotypes of infantile epileptic spasms syndrome.

We summarize the copy number variations (CNVs) and phenotype spectrum of infantile epileptic spasms syndrome (IESS) in a Chinese cohort. The CNVs were identified by genomic copy number variation sequencing. The CNVs and clinical data were analyzed. 74 IESS children with CNVs were enrolled. 35 kinds of CNVs were identified. There were 11 deletions and 5 duplications not reported previously in IESS, including 2 CNVs not reported in epilepsy. 87.8% were de novo, 9.5% were inherited from mother and 2.7% from father. Mosaicism occurred in one patient with Xq21.31q25 duplication. 16.2% (12/74) were 1p36 deletion, and 20.3% (15/74) were 15q11-q13 duplication. The age of seizure onset ranged from 17 days to 24 months. Seizure types included epileptic spasms, focal seizures, tonic seizures, and myoclonic seizures. All patients displayed developmental delay. Additional features included craniofacial anomaly, microcephaly, congenital heart defects, and hemangioma. 29.7% of patients were seizure-free for more than 12 months, and 70.3% still had seizures after trying 2 or more anti-seizure medications. In conclusion, CNVs is a prominent etiology of IESS. 1p36 deletion and 15q duplication occurred most frequently. CNV detection should be performed in patients with IESS of unknown causes, especially in children with craniofacial anomalies and microcephaly.

Protease SfpB plays an important role in cell membrane stability and immune system evasion in Streptococcus agalactiae.

Bacteria possess the ability to develop diverse and ingenious strategies to outwit the host immune system, and proteases are one of the many weapons employed by bacteria. This study sought to identify S. agalactiae additional serine protease and determine its role in virulence. The S. agalactiae THN0901 genome features one S8 family serine peptidase B (SfpB), acting as a secreted and externally exposed entity. A S8 family serine peptidase mutant strain (ΔsfpB) and complement strain (CΔsfpB) were generated through homologous recombination. Compared to the wild-type strain THN0901, the absorption of EtBr dyes was significantly reduced (P < 0.01) in ΔsfpB, implying an altered cell membrane permeability. In addition, the ΔsfpB strain had a significantly lower survival rate in macrophages (P < 0.01) and a 61.85 % lower adhesion ability to the EPC cells (P < 0.01) compared to THN0901. In the in vivo colonization experiment using tilapia as a model, 210 fish were selected and injected with different bacterial strains at a concentration of 3 × 106 CFU/tail. At 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h post-injection, three fish were randomly selected from each group and their brain, liver, spleen, and kidney tissues were isolated. Subsequently, it was demonstrated that the ΔsfpB strain exhibited a markedly diminished capacity for colonization in tilapia. Additionally, the cumulative mortality of ΔsfpB in fish after intraperitoneal injection was reduced by 19.92-23.85 %. In conclusion, the findings in this study have demonstrated that the SfpB plays a significant role in S. agalactiae cell membrane stability and immune evasion. The immune evasion is fundamental for the development and transmission of invasive diseases, the serine protease SfpB may be a promising candidate for the development of antimicrobial agents to reduce the transmission of S. agalactiae.

Thermodynamic Response and Neutral Excitations in Integer and Fractional Quantum Anomalous Hall States Emerging from Correlated Flat Bands.

Integer and fractional Chern insulators have been extensively explored in correlated flat band models. Recently, the prediction and experimental observation of fractional quantum anomalous Hall (FQAH) states with spontaneous time-reversal symmetry breaking have garnered attention. While the thermodynamics of integer quantum anomalous Hall (IQAH) states have been systematically studied, our theoretical knowledge on thermodynamic properties of FQAH states has been severely limited. Here, we delve into the general thermodynamic response and collective excitations of both IQAH and FQAH states within the paradigmatic flat Chern-band model with remote band considered. Our key findings include (i) in both ν=1 IQAH and ν=1/3 FQAH states, even without spin fluctuations, the charge-neutral collective excitations would lower the onset temperature of these topological states, to a value significantly smaller than the charge gap, due to band mixing and multiparticle scattering; (ii) by employing large-scale thermodynamic simulations in FQAH states in the presence of strong interband mixing between C=±1 bands, we find that the lowest collective excitations manifest as the zero-momentum excitons in the IQAH state, whereas in the FQAH state, they take the form of magnetorotons with finite momentum; (iii) the unique charge oscillations in FQAH states are exhibited with distinct experimental signatures, which we propose to detect in future experiments.