ABSTRACT
Neutrophils play an important role in the lung tumour microenvironment. We hypothesised that radiolabelled neutrophils coupled to single-photon emission CT (SPECT) may non-invasively quantify neutrophil uptake in tumours from patients with non-small cell lung cancer. We demonstrated increased uptake of radiolabelled neutrophils from the blood into tumours compared with non-specific uptake using radiolabelled transferrin. Moreover, indium-111-neutrophil activity in the tumour biopsies also correlated with myeloperoxidase (MPO)-positive neutrophils. Our data support the utility of imaging with In-111-labelled neutrophils and SPECT-CT to quantify neutrophil uptake in lung cancer.
Subject(s)
Lung Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Neutrophils , Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon , Adult , Biopsy , Female , Humans , Indium Radioisotopes , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Male , Neoplasm StagingABSTRACT
We present a case of severe rash following induction of elexacaftor, tezacaftor and ivacaftor (ELX/TEZ/IVA) in a young adult male cystic fibrosis patient. While rash is a commonly reported side effect which resolves in 1-2 weeks with minimal intervention, our patient had presented with fever and widespread rash prompting medication cessation. After a washout period, reintroduction with 1/2 tablet of ELX/TEZ/IVA produced a similar systemic response within 24 hours. Repeat attempt, this time with 1/8 tablet and increasing in increments of an eighth daily, was successful and has allowed our patient to experience the transformative benefits of ELX/TEZ/IVA including improved pulmonary function and reduced episodes of infective exacerbation. This case illustrates one of the most common side effects of ELX/TEZ/IVA triple therapy, and our experience of desensitisation to ELX/TEZ/IVA in a challenging case of rash.
Subject(s)
Chloride Channel Agonists , Exanthema , Aminophenols , Benzodioxoles , Chloride Channel Agonists/adverse effects , Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator/genetics , Drug Combinations , Exanthema/chemically induced , Humans , Indoles , Male , Pyrazoles , Pyridines , Pyrrolidines , Quinolones , Young AdultABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study was to develop a simplified radiological score that could assess clinical disease severity in bronchiectasis. METHODS: The Bronchiectasis Radiologically Indexed CT Score (BRICS) was devised based on a multivariable analysis of the Bhalla score and its ability in predicting clinical parameters of severity. The score was then externally validated in six centers in 302 patients. RESULTS: A total of 184 high-resolution CT scans were scored for the validation cohort. In a multiple logistic regression model, disease severity markers significantly associated with the Bhalla score were percent predicted FEV1, sputum purulence, and exacerbations requiring hospital admission. Components of the Bhalla score that were significantly associated with the disease severity markers were bronchial dilatation and number of bronchopulmonary segments with emphysema. The BRICS was developed with these two parameters. The receiver operating-characteristic curve values for BRICS in the derivation cohort were 0.79 for percent predicted FEV1, 0.71 for sputum purulence, and 0.75 for hospital admissions per year; these values were 0.81, 0.70, and 0.70, respectively, in the validation cohort. Sputum free neutrophil elastase activity was significantly elevated in the group with emphysema on CT imaging. CONCLUSIONS: A simplified CT scoring system can be used as an adjunct to clinical parameters to predict disease severity in patients with idiopathic and postinfective bronchiectasis.