Native Aortic Valve Endocarditis Caused by Scopulariopsis Species: Case Report, Considerations for Management, and Review of Literature.

We present the first case of native aortic valve endocarditis caused by Scopulariopsis. Intraoperative images and videos from valve replacement surgery illustrate the severity of fungal endocarditis. This case demonstrates the aggressive presentation of left-sided fungal endocarditis, highlights challenges with treating highly resistant fungi, and considers the potential utility of olorofim.

Reflex Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Type 1 RNA Testing Enables Timely Differentiation of False-Positive Results From Acute HIV Infection.

Accurate, timely human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diagnosis is critical. Routine HIV screening program data were examined before and after reflex HIV type 1 RNA testing. Reflex testing facilitated confirmation of reactive HIV screening assays (as true or false positives) (odds ratio, 23.7 [95% confidence interval, 6.7-83.4]; P < .0001), improving detection of acute HIV and reducing unconfirmed discordant results.