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1.
Am J Otolaryngol ; 37(5): 407-15, 2016.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27311344

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to determine the effects of methylprednisolone and thymoquinone on nerve healing in a traumatic facial nerve paralysis animal model. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Twenty-four rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups: group I: control group received no medication and no trauma; group II: sham group received no medication after facial nerve trauma group III: 5mg/kg/day thymoquinone administered; group IV: 1mg/kg/day methylprednisolone administered. An initial electrophysiological assessment was performed in all the animals. The buccal branch of the facial nerve was then clipped to form a traumatic facial paralysis model. The drugs were administered for two weeks once a day. At the end of the second month, the electrophysiological assessments were performed and the distal part of the traumatic facial nerve were dissected and examined under light microscopy. RESULTS: Best nerve regeneration was observed in the control and the thymoquinone groups, respectively, whereas the weakest regeneration was determined in the sham group. Thymoquinone and methylprednisolone significantly increased nerve recovery, as measured by histopathological scores and electrophysiological assessment. In the thymoquinone group, due to postoperative amplitude, axon diameter and thickness of myelin sheath values were significantly further increased nerve regeneration compared to that of the methylprednisolone group and these values were close to those of the values of the control group. CONCLUSION: Thymoquinone was slightly better than methylprednisolone for functional nerve recovery. The neuroprotective effect of thymoquinone was attributed to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Thymoquinone can have a new treatment option to ameliorate the nerve injury.


Subject(s)
Benzoquinones/therapeutic use , Facial Nerve Injuries/complications , Facial Paralysis/drug therapy , Methylprednisolone/therapeutic use , Neuroprotective Agents/therapeutic use , Animals , Disease Models, Animal , Electromyography , Facial Nerve Injuries/pathology , Facial Nerve Injuries/physiopathology , Facial Paralysis/etiology , Facial Paralysis/pathology , Male , Nerve Regeneration , Rabbits , Recovery of Function
2.
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol ; 273(4): 933-8, 2016 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26100031

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to evaluate the histopathological impact, effectiveness, and safety of two hemostatic agents, Ankaferd Blood Stopper (ABS) and microporous polysaccharide hemospheres (MPH), in an experimental rabbit epistaxis model. Rabbits were randomly assigned, using a computerized random number generator, to the following three groups of six animals: group 1 (control, irrigated with saline); group 2 (ABS-treated); and group 3 (MPH-treated). In all groups, a standardized rabbit epistaxis model was used. Hemostasis time and extent of nasal bleeding were measured to compare the hemostatic effect of ABS and MPH among groups. Septums were removed for histopathological analysis, 7 days after the procedure. ABS reduced hemostasis time to 104.2 s and amount of bleeding to 20.5 mg. MPH reduced hemostasis time to 71.7 s and amount of bleeding to 11.5 mg. Mean bleeding time in wounds administered ABS and MPH was significantly shorter compared with wounds administered isotonic saline solution (p = 0.004). ABS and MPH application decreased bleeding significantly compared with the control group (p = 0.004). Bleeding time and amount in the MPH group was significantly reduced compared with the ABS group (p = 0.013 and p = 0.004, respectively). There was no significant difference in the histopathological evaluation results between the ABS, MPH, and control groups. Our data indicate that both ABS and MPH represent safe, effective, and fast-acting hemostatic agents in the management of epistaxis. MPH was more effective than ABS in terms of hemostasis time and amount of bleeding.


Subject(s)
Epistaxis , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Polysaccharides/pharmacology , Administration, Topical , Animals , Bleeding Time/methods , Disease Models, Animal , Epistaxis/diagnosis , Epistaxis/drug therapy , Hemostatics/pharmacology , Rabbits , Treatment Outcome
3.
Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc ; 24(12): 3738-3744, 2016 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25931129

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Tendinous lesions are among the most frequent pathologies encountered in sportsmen. The objectives of new treatments are to improve the healing process and reduce the recovery time. Boron plays an important role in the wound repair process by increasing components of extracellular matrix and angiogenesis. This animal study aimed to investigate the effect of boric acid on healing of the Achilles tendon. METHODS: The right Achilles tendons of 40 rats were completely sectioned, and the rats were randomly divided into five groups. Each group consisted of eight rats. Groups 1 and 2 were oral boric acid groups with the doses of 4 and 8 mg/kg/day boric acid, respectively. Group 3 was the local boric acid group (8 mg/kg boric acid intratendinous injection). Group 4 was administered both oral and local boric acid (8 mg/kg/day orally and 8 mg/kg boric acid intratendinous injection), and group 5 was the control group with no boric acid application. At the end of the fourth week, all the rats were killed and histopathological examination of the Achilles tendon repair site was made. RESULTS: Histopathological examination of the tissue sections revealed more properly oriented collagen fibres, more normal cellular distribution of tenocytes and more properly organized vascular bundles in group 1 and group 2, which were the groups administered oral boric acid. Pathological sum scores of groups 1 and 2 were less than those of the other groups, and the differences between the oral boric acid groups (group 1 and group 2) and the other three groups (groups 3, 4 and 5) were statistically significant (p = 0.001). CONCLUSION: As boric acid is safe and toxicity even after very high doses is unusual, oral boric acid may be used as an agent to improve the healing process of tendon injuries. However, biomechanical tests should also be performed to show the effect of boric acid on strength and endurance of the tendon before it can be used in clinical practice.


Subject(s)
Achilles Tendon/drug effects , Boric Acids/pharmacology , Tendon Injuries/pathology , Tenocytes/drug effects , Wound Healing/drug effects , Achilles Tendon/injuries , Achilles Tendon/pathology , Administration, Oral , Animals , Collagen/drug effects , Injections, Intralesional , Male , Random Allocation , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Tenocytes/pathology
4.
Tuberk Toraks ; 64(1): 53-9, 2016 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27266286

ABSTRACT

Transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) is an effective, safe and cost-effective technique that allows for sampling of the mediastinal lymph node and peribronchial lesions. It is used in bronchogenic carcinoma staging, peribronchial and submucosal lesions, diagnosis of sarcoidosis and tuberculosis, differentiating submucosal invasion, and in diagnosing mediastinal masses. From our experience at the University of Abant Izzet Baysal and from a review of the literature, we discuss the adequacy and the differential diagnosis of aspiration material obtained by TBNA and cytopathological-histopathological evaluation in intrathoracic lymphadenopathies to increase the success rate of the TBNA method.


Subject(s)
Biopsy, Needle/methods , Bronchoscopy/methods , Lymph Nodes/pathology , Lymphadenopathy/diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , Thorax
5.
Ann Diagn Pathol ; 19(2): 81-7, 2015 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25702616

ABSTRACT

Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEPNETs) were divided into 4 groups based on tumor diameter and stage in World Health Organization (WHO) 2000/2004 classification as well-differentiated endocrine tumor benign (WDETB), well-differentiated endocrine tumor with uncertain behavior (WDETUB), well-differentiated endocrine carcinoma (WDEC), and poorly differentiated endocrine carcinoma (PDEC). World Health Organization 2000/2004 was not widely accepted because of stage-related classification and the category of "uncertain behavior." The European NET Society proposed a grading classification and site-specific staging system in 2010. Gastroenteropancreatic NETs were divided into 3 groups as NET grade 1 (G1), NET grade 2 (G2), and neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) grade 3 (G3) based on mitoses and the Ki-67 index. We evaluated 63 GEPNET cases according to both classifications. We compared two classifications and the tumor groups in terms of prognostic parameters (diameter, mitosis, Ki-67 index, angioinvasion, perineural invasion, necrosis, and metastasis) and pathologic stage. All 14 cases diagnosed as PDEC were included in the NEC G3 according to WHO 2010. Seventeen cases were diagnosed as WDETB, 9 as WDETUB, and 23 as WDEC. There was statistically significant difference between these groups in terms of all prognostic parameters except for necrosis, mitosis, Ki-67 index, and grade. All WDETB cases, 89% of WDETUBs, and 87% of WDECs were included in the NET G1. There were 45 cases evaluated as NET G1 and 4 cases as NET G2 according to WHO 2010. Metastasis and perineural invasion were more common in NET G2, no significant differences in other parameters. In conclusion, WHO 2010 is easier to use, whereas WHO 2000/2004 shows higher correlation with prognosis. However, it includes benign and uncertain behavior categories, although small tumors with low proliferative activity can also cause metastases. All GEPNETs should be considered potentially malignant.


Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine/classification , Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine/pathology , Intestinal Neoplasms/classification , Intestinal Neoplasms/pathology , Neuroendocrine Tumors/classification , Neuroendocrine Tumors/pathology , Pancreatic Neoplasms/classification , Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology , Stomach Neoplasms/classification , Stomach Neoplasms/pathology , Adult , Female , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Grading , Neoplasm Invasiveness , Neoplasm Metastasis , Neoplasm Staging , Prognosis , World Health Organization
6.
J Urol ; 191(4): 1168-73, 2014 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24012532

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: We evaluated the efficacy of N-acetylcysteine for testicular damage induced by undescended testes in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Flutamide was injected in the abdomen of pregnant rats daily from days 14 to 20 of gestation. Male offspring with cryptorchidism were randomly divided into 2 groups. Healthy male rats without undescended testes comprised the control group (group 1). Group 2 (undescended testes without N-acetylcysteine) received no treatment. Group 3 (undescended testes plus N-acetylcysteine) received intraperitoneal N-acetylcysteine daily. At 70 days after experiment initiation the testes were removed for histopathological and biochemical analysis. RESULTS: Mean malonyl dialdehyde values were lowest in group 1 and highest in group 2. In group 3 malonyl dialdehyde levels were significantly lower than in group 2 (p <0.001). Conversely, mean glutathione peroxidase was highest in group 1 and lowest in group 2. Glutathione peroxidase levels in group 3 were significantly higher than in group 2 (p <0.001). Histopathological differences between groups 1 and 3 in the modified Johnsen score were not significant (p = 0.041). However, the differences between these groups and group 2 were significant (p <0.001). The median apoptotic cell count did not differ between groups 1 and 3 but it was significantly higher in group 2 than in the other groups (p = 0.03 and <0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: N-acetylcysteine may alleviate undescended testis induced damage to testes through its antioxidant effects. The underlying mechanism of these effects merits further investigation. Long-term studies are also needed as well as comparative animal and human studies.


Subject(s)
Acetylcysteine/therapeutic use , Cryptorchidism/prevention & control , Free Radical Scavengers/therapeutic use , Animals , Male , Rats , Rats, Wistar
8.
Turk Pediatri Ars ; 52(3): 173-177, 2017 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29062253

ABSTRACT

Gorlin-Goltz syndrome is a rare multisystemic disease inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. It is characterized by numerous basal cell carcinoma of the skin, jaw cysts, and skeletal anomalies such as frontal bossing, vertebral anomalies, palmoplantar pits, and falx cerebri calcification. There is a tendency to tumors including medullablastoma, fibroma, rabdomyoma, leiomyosarcoma etc.. The diagnosis is based on major and minor clinical and radiologic criteria. Early diagnosis and treatment are of utmost importance in reducing the severity of long-term sequelae of this syndrome. In this article, we present a 15-year-old boy who was admitted to our clinic with brown-black papules and plaques on his scalp and was thought to have Gorlin-Goltz syndrome. He had a history of medulloblastoma that was treated with surgical resection followed by cranial radiotherapy and unilateral retinoblastoma. We present this case, because association of Gorlin-Goltz syndrome and retinoblastoma has not been described previously in the literature and we aimed to draw attention to radiation-induced basal cell carcinomas.

9.
Can Urol Assoc J ; 9(3-4): E126-31, 2015.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25844098

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: We investigated the value of the preoperative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in predicting recurrence and progression of high-grade pT1 non-muscle-invasive tumour in patients with bladder cancer during a 5-year follow-up period. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed data of 1100 patients with bladder cancer; these patients underwent transurethral resection and were monitored at multiple centres from 2008 to 2013. In total, 166 consecutive and newly diagnosed patients with high-grade pT1 tumours were included in this study. The NLR was calculated by dividing the absolute neutrophil count by the absolute lymphocyte count. RESULTS: Of the 166 patients, 152 were male. The patients were evaluated as two separate groups in terms of recurrence and progression. The mean follow-up period was 24.2 months (interquartile range 13.8-36.6 months). A statistically significant difference was found between recurrence and tumour size (p = 0.001), number of tumours (p < 0.001), NLR (p < 0.001), and smoking (p = 0.007). No statistically significant correlation was found between NLR and progression. According to receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, the optimum cut-off value for the NLR was ≥2.43 (74% sensitivity, 60% specificity, p < 0.001; area under the curve [AUC] 0.687, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.607-0.767). Multivariate logistic regression analysis determined that the following factors were independent predictors of recurrence in patients with high-grade pT1 non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: tumour number (OR 5.32, 95% CI 2.10-12.90), NLR of ≥2.43 (OR 2.587; 95% CI 1.156-5.789), and smoking (OR 4.17, 95% CI 1.31-13.21). CONCLUSION: A high preoperative NLR may play an important role in predicting recurrence of superficial transitional cell type high-grade pT1 bladder tumours. Prospective studies are required to validate the role of NLR as a prognostic marker in high-grade pT1 bladder tumours.

10.
Oncol Lett ; 9(1): 308-312, 2015 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25435981

ABSTRACT

Primary tumors of the paratesticular region are rare, with paratesticular sarcomas constituting a major proportion of these tumors, particularly in the elderly. The paratesticular region consists of mesothelial, various epithelial and mesenchymal cells and may therefore give rise to a number of tumors with various behaviors. Defining the association between the paratesticular mass and the testicle, and differentiation between benign and malignant masses using radiology is challenging, therefore the mass is usually considered to be malignant and radical orchiectomy with high ligation is performed. The present study reports the cases of seven patients with tumors of the paratesticular region and presents the clinical and significant histological features of the tumors. In total, two patients suffered from dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLS), two exhibited leiomyosarcoma, two exhibited low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma and one case of undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma was identified. Radical orchiectomy with high ligation was performed in five cases; simple orchiectomy was performed in one case and excisional biopsy was performed in the remaining case. A leiomyosarcomatous and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) positive whorl pattern was observed during microscopy in the two DDLS cases. Additionally, one of the low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma patients exhibited pleomorphism and mitosis in focal areas. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the second time low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma cases with paratesticular localization have been reported in the literature. Of the seven cases, four patients succumbed to the disease, one patient is living with the disorder and the two cases of DDLS are living without the disease. Paratesticular sarcomas are often aggressive and a multidisciplinary approach is required for the diagnosis and treatment of these tumors.

11.
Biol Trace Elem Res ; 167(1): 77-83, 2015 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25728510

ABSTRACT

Spinal fusion is among the most frequently applied spinal surgical procedures. The goal of the present study was to evaluate whether the local administration of boric acid (BA) improves spinal fusion in an experimental spinal fusion model in rats. Currently, there is no published data that evaluates the possible positive effects if the local administration of BA on posterolateral spinal fusion. Thirty-two rats were randomly divided into four independent groups: no material was added at the fusion area for group 1; an autogenous morselized corticocancellous bone graft was used for group 2; an autogenous morselized corticocancellous bone graft with boric acid (8.7 mg/kg) for group 3; and only boric acid was placed into the fusion area for group 4. The L4-L6 spinal segments were collected at week 6, and the assessments included radiography, manual palpation, and histomorphometry. A statistically significant difference was determined between the groups with regard to the mean histopathological scores (p = 0.002), and a paired comparison was made with the Mann-Whitney U test to detect the group/groups from which the difference originated. It was determined that only the graft + BA practice increased the histopathological score significantly with regard to the control group (p = 0.002). Whereas, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of the manual assessment of fusion and radiographic analysis (respectively p = 0.328 and p = 0.196). This preliminary study suggests that BA may clearly be useful as a therapeutic agent in spinal fusion. However, further research is required to show the most effective dosage of BA on spinal fusion, and should indicate whether BA effects spinal fusion in the human body.


Subject(s)
Bone Transplantation/methods , Boric Acids/pharmacology , Lumbar Vertebrae/drug effects , Lumbar Vertebrae/surgery , Spinal Fusion/methods , Animals , Boric Acids/administration & dosage , Lumbar Vertebrae/diagnostic imaging , Male , Radiography , Random Allocation , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Treatment Outcome
12.
Indian J Dermatol ; 59(4): 398-400, 2014 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25071263

ABSTRACT

Porokeratosis are disorders of keratinization, characterized histologically by a parakeratotic column, the cornoid lamellae, and clinically by a distinct peripheral ridge. Porokeratosis usually occurs on the trunk or extremities, and facial lesions are rare. Follicular involvement, identified by follicular localization of cornoid lamellae, is uncommon and described only in association with disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis (DSAP) and porokeratosis Mibelli (PM). A 34-Year- old woman is presented with asymptomatic 1 cm plaque lesion with hyperkeratotic ridge and depressed center on her nose since three years. Histopathological examination of a biopsy revealed cornoid lamellae confined exclusively to the follicle.

13.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev ; 15(23): 10363-6, 2014.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25556476

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine diagnostic and prognostic roles of the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in breast cancer patients. To date, data are limited on associations of primary breast carcinoma (PBC) and benign proliferative breast disease (BPBD) with preoperative NLR values. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our study covered of 120 female patients with PBC and 50 with BPBD. Diagnostic values of NLR were estimated using sensitivity, specificity and areas under receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC). RESULTS: NLR values were significantly higher in the PBC patients than in those with BPBD, with an AUC of 0.668 in the PBC case. The optimal cut-off for NLR was 2.96 and this was validated in the testing set, giving a sensitivity and a specificity of 79.7% and 76.2%, respectively, in PBC patients. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative high NLR is a significant diagnostic predictor of distinction of breast cancer from BPBD and elevated NLR is also an important prognostic marker for primary invasive breast cancer.


Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/blood , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/blood , Carcinoma, Lobular/blood , Lymphocytes , Neutrophils , Adult , Aged , Breast Diseases/blood , Breast Diseases/diagnosis , Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/diagnosis , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology , Carcinoma, Lobular/diagnosis , Carcinoma, Lobular/pathology , Case-Control Studies , Female , Humans , Leukocyte Count , Lymphocyte Count , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Staging , Prognosis , Retrospective Studies , Sensitivity and Specificity , Tumor Burden
14.
Turk J Med Sci ; 44(3): 381-6, 2014.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25558637

ABSTRACT

AIM: To evaluate the effects of montelukast and Hypericum perforatum against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced intestinal damage. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-eight hamsters were divided into 4 groups following midline abdominal laparotomy: control group (n = 7), I/R group (n = 7), montelukast and I/R (MIR) group (n = 7), and Hypericum perforatum and I/R (HPIR) group (n = 7). After 60 min of ischemia through obstruction of the superior mesenteric artery, 24 h of reperfusion was maintained. Ten minutes prior to the reperfusion period, the MIR group received 7 mg/kg of intraperitoneal montelukast and the HPIR group received 7 mg/kg of intraperitoneal Hypericum perforatum. Malondialdehyde, glutathione, myeloperoxidase, and cardiotrophin-1 levels were measured from blood samples. A semiquantitative histological evaluation was performed. RESULTS: Montelukast and Hypericum perforatum significantly reduced malondialdehyde levels and increased glutathione levels compared to the I/R group (P < 0.008). A statistically significant difference was also found between the I/R group and MIR and HPIR groups in terms of myelqperoxidase levels (P < 0.008). The MIR and HPIR groups showed increased cardiotrophin- 1 levels compared to the control and I/R groups (P < 0.008 for all). The MIR and HPIR groups showed significantly lower histological scores compared to the I/R group (P = 0.03 and P = 0.007, respectively). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated the preventive effects of montelukast and Hypericum perforatum on I/R-induced intestinal injury.


Subject(s)
Acetates/pharmacology , Hypericum/chemistry , Intestines/blood supply , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Protective Agents/pharmacology , Quinolines/pharmacology , Reperfusion Injury/drug therapy , Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control , Animals , Cricetinae , Cyclopropanes , Disease Models, Animal , Glutathione/blood , Intestines/drug effects , Malondialdehyde/blood , Mesenteric Artery, Superior/injuries , Mesocricetus , Random Allocation , Reperfusion Injury/blood , Sulfides
15.
J Invest Surg ; 27(6): 319-26, 2014 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24833552

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate intraperitoneal administration of Nigella sativa (NS) to prevent postoperative intraperitoneal adhesion (PPA) after surgical manipulation of rat uterine horn. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two forms of NS were used in the study (Volatile oil (NSVO) and the ethanolic extract (NSEE)). A total of 50 rats were randomly assigned to the sham group (n = 10), control group (n = 10), NSVO group (n = 10), NSEE group (n = 10), and the Seprafilm group(n = 10). After 14 days, rats were sacrificed. Adhesions were examined macroscopically, and degree of adhesions was scored. A part of horn was excised, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase activities as well as malondialdehyde levels were evaluated, and histological score was calculated. RESULTS: Total microscopic score of the NSEE group was significantly lower than the control group (p = .001) and was marginally significantly lower than the seprafilm group (p = .005). Collagen formation score was higher in the seprafilm group compared to the sham and NSEE groups (p < 0.001, p = .003, respectively). Apoptotic cells were lower in the NSEE group compared to the control group (p = .003) and also lower in the NSEE and NSVO groups compared to the seprafilm group (p = .001, p < .001, respectively). Only SOD activity was higher in the NSVO and seprafilm groups compared to the control group (p < .001). CONCLUSION: NSEE form seems to have a possible effect in the prevention of PPAs. This may occur by its effect in decreasing collagen formation and by decreasing apoptosis in the injured tissues. NSVO form seems to induce SOD. Therefore, combined use of NSVO with seprafilm may increase the adhesion preventive effect of seprafilm.


Subject(s)
Abdomen/surgery , Nigella sativa , Plant Extracts/administration & dosage , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Plant Oils/administration & dosage , Plant Oils/therapeutic use , Tissue Adhesions/prevention & control , Animals , Collagen/metabolism , Female , Glutathione Peroxidase/metabolism , Hyaluronic Acid/therapeutic use , Injections, Intraperitoneal , Malondialdehyde/metabolism , Models, Animal , Postoperative Period , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism , Tissue Adhesions/metabolism , Treatment Outcome , Uterus/surgery
16.
J Ocul Pharmacol Ther ; 29(10): 893-9, 2013 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24070366

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: We aimed to compare the efficacy of topical daptomycin (DAP) with that of vancomycin (VA) in the treatment of keratitis caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). METHODS: One hundred colony-forming unit MRSA bacteria were injected intrastromally into both corneas of 28 rabbits. Sixteen hours after injection, the rabbits' eyes were treated with 1 drop of topical DAP (10 or 50 mg/mL), VA (50 mg/mL), or isotonic saline for 19 doses. Their eyes were examined for clinical severity before and after treatment. RESULTS: The minimum inhibitory concentration values of VA and DAP against the bacterial strain were found to be 2 and 0.5 µg/mL, respectively. The mean pre- and post-treatment clinical scores of the eyes did not differ significantly among the groups. However, the mean difference between the post- and pretreatment clinical scores was significantly lower in the 50 mg/mL DAP group than in the other groups (P=0.042). A marked decrease in bacterial load was detected in all treatment groups compared to the control group (P=0.002). Although there were no significant differences in bacterial load among the treatment groups, the 50 mg/mL DAP group showed the greatest decrease. The mean % epithelial erosion rate tended to be higher in the 50 mg/mL VA group than in the other groups (P=0.31). CONCLUSIONS: Topical DAP significantly reduced the bacterial load and showed activity against MRSA comparable to that of fortified VA in this experimental model.


Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Daptomycin/pharmacology , Keratitis/drug therapy , Staphylococcal Infections/drug therapy , Administration, Ophthalmic , Animals , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Bacterial Load/drug effects , Colony Count, Microbial , Daptomycin/administration & dosage , Disease Models, Animal , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Eye Infections, Bacterial/drug therapy , Eye Infections, Bacterial/microbiology , Keratitis/microbiology , Male , Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Ophthalmic Solutions , Rabbits , Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology , Vancomycin/administration & dosage , Vancomycin/pharmacology
17.
Cornea ; 32(7): 1052-7, 2013 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23665649

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To compare the efficacy of topical linezolid (LZD) 1 mg/mL or 2 mg/mL to vancomycin (VA) 50 mg/mL for the treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) keratitis in rabbits. METHODS: One hundred colony-forming unit (CFU) MRSA bacteria were injected intrastromally into rabbit corneas. Sixteen hours after the injection, 24 rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups. Rabbit eyes were treated with 1 drop of topical LZD 1 mg/mL, LZD 2 mg/mL, VA 50 mg/mL, or isotonic saline every 15 minutes for 5 doses and then every 30 minutes for 14 doses. Eyes were examined before and after the treatment using slit-lamp biomicroscopy by 2 observers blinded to the study for the determination of clinical severity. Then, corneas were harvested for the quantification of bacteria and histopathology. RESULTS: There were no differences in clinical severity among the groups before and after the treatment in each eye. The mean CFU × 10(6) of MRSA recovered from the LZD 1 mg/mL, LZD 2 mg/mL, and VA 50 mg/mL groups were significantly lower than that recovered from corneas treated with isotonic saline. There was no statistically significant difference among the treatment groups in terms of CFU × 10(6). Epithelial erosion in the VA 50 mg/mL group was significantly worse than that in the other groups. LZD 2 mg/mL group had the lowest mean epithelial erosion values. CONCLUSIONS: Topical LZD showed activity against MRSA that was comparable to fortified VA in this experimental keratitis model.


Subject(s)
Acetamides/therapeutic use , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Corneal Ulcer/drug therapy , Eye Infections, Bacterial/drug therapy , Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects , Oxazolidinones/therapeutic use , Staphylococcal Infections/drug therapy , Vancomycin/therapeutic use , Administration, Topical , Animals , Bacterial Load , Colony Count, Microbial , Colony-Forming Units Assay , Corneal Ulcer/microbiology , Corneal Ulcer/pathology , Disease Models, Animal , Eye Infections, Bacterial/microbiology , Eye Infections, Bacterial/pathology , Linezolid , Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification , Ophthalmic Solutions , Rabbits , Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology , Staphylococcal Infections/pathology
19.
Syst Biol Reprod Med ; 58(5): 268-73, 2012 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22646165

ABSTRACT

Although varicocele is a relatively common entity encountered in the evaluation of infertile men, the exact pathophysiology still remains unclear. Recently, as previously widely investigated in various parts of human circulatory system, nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and its product, nitric oxide (NO) have been thought to play a role in the development of varicocele and thus male infertility. In this study, we determined the concentration of NO metabolite and the expression of NOS isoforms in the internal spermatic (ISV) and superficial branch of inferior epigastric veins of infertile men with varicocele. The study included 60 infertile men with clinically unilateral or bilateral varicocele. Expression of inducible and endothelial NOS (iNOS and eNOS) isoforms were investigated in tissue arrays of internal spermatic and superficial branch of inferior epigastric veins with immunohistochemistry. NO metabolite (nitrite) levels were measured using the calorimetric method. A significantly higher expression of eNOS was observed in the varicose veins (mean score: 2.25 and 1.55, respectively; p = 0.0001). However, statistically, there was no significant difference for expression of iNOS between varicose and control veins (p = 0.094). The nitrite concentration and NOS expression were not found to be correlated with clinical variables (varicocele grade, maximum varicose vein diameter, and sperm concentration, motility, and morphology) (p > 0.05). As a result, the significantly higher expression of eNOS in ISV may be responsible for the development of varicocele, although this finding is not accompanied by an increase in NO concentration. Still, the pattern of the relationship between varicocele and increased eNOS expression warrants further investigation.


Subject(s)
Infertility, Male/enzymology , Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/analysis , Spermatic Cord/blood supply , Varicocele/enzymology , Adult , Case-Control Studies , Colorimetry , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Infertility, Male/diagnosis , Infertility, Male/etiology , Isoenzymes , Male , Nitric Oxide/analysis , Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II/analysis , Nitrites/analysis , Severity of Illness Index , Sperm Count , Sperm Motility , Spermatozoa/pathology , Tissue Array Analysis , Up-Regulation , Varicocele/complications , Varicocele/diagnosis , Veins/enzymology
20.
J Skin Cancer ; 2011: 752901, 2011.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21188232

ABSTRACT

Basal cell carcinoma is the most commonly seen nonmelanoma skin cancer which is rarely encountered in the childhood period. An 11-year old child was admitted to our clinic due to an erythematous and a slightly pigmented lesion with a 3 × 4 cm diameter on his posterior scalp. Macroscopically, the lesion was excised with a 10 mm safety margin. Pathologic examination revealed a basal cell carcinoma. No symptoms or signs of a syndrome were observed both in the patient and his family.

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