Comparison of the serum immunoglobulin IgM level in diabetic and nondiabetic patients with chronic periodontitis.

AIM: To evaluate and compare the serum IgM level in diabetic and nondiabetic patients with chronic periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 60 patients were selected for the study and divided into four groups, diabetic with periodontitis, diabetic without periodontitis, nondiabetic with periodontitis and nondiabetic without periodontitis (control) were analyzed for the quantitative estimation of serum immunoglobulins M by turbidimetric immunoassay. The serum of the diabetic and nondiabetic patients was evaluated and turbidimetric method was used for immunological assay by using Quantia IgM turbidimetric immunoassay for estimation of immunoglobulin IgM in human serum. The data for the level of immunoglobulin thus obtained were compared with clinically healthy patient taken as control. Sugar level was estimated the by checking the random blood sugar level by glucose test kit based on end point and kinetic assay and compared with the HbA1c percentage of the patients, by using NycoCard Reader. RESULT: The group A patients having diabetes with periodontitis showed nonsignifcant increase in serum IgM level as compared to controls and other groups. Group B showed signifcance of p = 0.074. Group C showed signifcance of p = 0.982 and group D showed signifcance of p = 0.520. There was signifcant increase in HbA1c with an increase percentage serum IgM. CONCLUSION: In the present study, significantly high concentrations of the IgM in serum of diabetic and nondiabetic patients were found as compared to the healthy subjects who had neither diabetes nor periodontitis. CLINICAL SIGNIFCANCE: By this study, we can emphasize on the fact of the importance of the immune system and its correlation with glycemic control, especially in patients diagnosed with periodontitis, also suggests that the alteration in immune response in poorly controlled diabetic patients may contribute to the pathogenesis of periodontitis and is the cause of increased incidence of periodontitis in patients with diabetes.

A comparative clinical evaluation of diet intake and effect of various nutritions on aggressive periodontitis patients.

AIM: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect various dietary nutrients in aggressive periodontitis patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 85 patients were selected and divided into two groups, 45 patients are with aggressive periodontitis and 40 patients are healthy. Periodontal parameters such as oral hygiene index, Russels periodontal index and radiograph were taken. The food consumption survey was conducted in all the households of subjects both in control and experimental group. The individual of food intake of the subjects was assessed by the oral questionnaire (24 hours recall) method. The quantity of raw foods used for various preparations and volumes of cooked quantities of such preparations in terms of standardized cups were noted. Body measurements were taken on all the subjects, standing height using a height measuring rod and weight in standard weighing machine. RESULTS: Aggressive periodontitis is seen in young individual and mostly in females; majority of the patients of both groups belongs to low socioeconomic group. Body mass index which is a refection of nutritional status of an individual indicated that chronically energy defcient subjects in experimental group appeared to be higher. The average food and nutrient intake in control group was slightly better than that of experimental group. CONCLUSION: The diet survey indicated marginal and negligible defciencies in aggressive periodontitis patients compared to controls, and this coupled with chronically energy defciency as indicated by body mass index, calls for a detailed study of this aspect of aggressive periodontitis. The present study indicates that nutritional infuences point to a needle of suspicion toward the etiology of aggressive periodontitis.