Towards efficient and accurate prediction of freeway accident severity using two-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation.

Accurately predicting freeway accident severity is crucial for accident prevention, road safety, and emergency rescue services in intelligent freeway systems. However, current research lacks the required precision, hindering the effective implementation of freeway rescue. In this paper, we efficiently address this challenge by categorizing influencing factors into two levels: human and non-human, further subdivided into 6 and 36 categories, respectively. Furthermore, based on the above factors, an efficient and accurate Freeway Accident Severity Prediction (FASP) method is developed by using the two-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. The factor and evaluation sets are determined by calculating the fuzzy evaluation matrix of a single factor. The weight matrix is calculated through the entropy method to compute the final evaluation matrix. Based on the maximum membership principle, the severity of the freeway accident is predicted. Finally, based on the experiments conducted with the traffic accident datasets in China and the US, it is shown that FASP is able to accurately predict the severity of freeway traffic accidents with thorough considerations and low computational cost. It is noted that FASP is the first attempt to achieve freeway accident severity prediction using the two-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to the best of our knowledge.

Argonaute-2 autoantibodies: a promising biomarker for predicting mortality in HBV-related acute-on-chronic liver failure patients with cirrhosis.

Background & aims: HBV infection initiates autoimmune responses, leading to autoantibody generation. This research explores the role of autoantibodies in HBV-related Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure (ACLF), offering novel perspectives for clinical management. Method: We applied immunoprecipitation and iTRAQ techniques to screen for autoantibodies in serum from HBV-related cirrhosis patients and conducted detection with conformation- stabilizing ELISA in a cohort of 238 HBV-infected individuals and 49 health controls. Our results were validated in a retrospective cohort comprising 106 ACLF patients and further assessed through immunohistochemical analysis in liver tissues from an additional 10 ACLF cases. Results: Utilizing iTRAQ, we identified Argonaute1-3 autoantibodies (AGO-Abs) in this research. AGO2-Abs notably increased in cirrhosis, decompensation, and further in ACLF, unlike AGO1-Abs and AGO3-Abs. This reflects disease severity correlation. Logistic regression and COX models confirmed AGO2-Abs as independent prognostic indicators for decompensated liver cirrhosis (DLC) and ACLF. In the ROC analysis, AGO2-Abs showed significant diagnostic value for predicting 28- and 90-day mortality (AUROC = 0.853 and 0.854, respectively). Furthermore, combining AGO2-Abs with the Child-Pugh, MELD, and AARC scores significantly improved their predictive accuracy (P < 0.05). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed poorer survival for AGO2-Abs levels above 99.14µg/ml. These findings were supported by a retrospective validation cohort. Additionally, immunohistochemistry revealed band-like AGO2 expression in periportal liver areas, with AGO2-Abs levels correlating with total bilirubin, indicating a potential role in exacerbating liver damage through periportal functions. Conclusions: AGO2-Abs is a robust biomarker for predicting the mortality of patients with HBV-related ACLF.

Durability of Hepatitis B surface antigen seroclearance in patients experienced nucleoside analogs or interferon monotherapy: A real-world data from Electronic Health Record.

Little is known about the difference in durability of HBsAg seroclearance induced by nucleoside analogs (NAs) or by interferon (IFN). A real-world, retrospective cohort study was conducted. Patients were assigned into two groups: NAs monotherapy-induced HBsAg seroclearance subjects and IFN monotherapy induced-HBsAg seroclearance subjects. A total of 198 subjects, comprised by 168 NAs monotherapy-induced and 30 IFN monotherapy-induced, who achieved HBsAg seroclearance were included in this study. The one-year probabilities of confirmed HBsAg seroclearance were significantly different in patients with NAs monotherapy and IFN monotherapy (0.960 (with 95% CI 0.922-0.999) vs. 0.691 (with 95% CI 0.523-0.913), log-rank-P = 4.04e-4). 73.3% (11 of 15) HBsAg recurrence occurred within one year after HBsAg seroclearance. The one-year probabilities of confirmed HBsAg seroclearance were higher in IFN monotherapy patients with anti-HBs than in IFN monotherapy patients without anti-HBs (0.839 (with 95% CI 0.657-1.000) vs. 0.489 (with 95% CI 0.251-0.953), log-rank test, P = 0.024). Our study thus provided novel insights into the durability of HBsAg seroclearance induced by NAs or IFN monotherapy. In particular, the HBsAg seroreversion rate was relatively high in IFN monotherapy subjects. The presence of anti-HBs was significantly correlated with a longer durability of functional cure induced by IFN treatment. And one-year follow-up in HBsAg seroclearance achieved individuals is proper for averting HBsAg seroreversion and other liver disease.