Development of a Smartphone-Based System for Intrinsically Photosensitive Retinal Ganglion Cells Targeted Chromatic Pupillometry.

Chromatic Pupillometry, used to assess Pupil Light Reflex (PLR) to a coloured light stimulus, has regained interest since the discovery of melanopsin in the intrinsically photosensitive Retinal Ganglion Cells (ipRGCs). This technique has shown the potential to be used as a screening tool for neuro-ophthalmological diseases; however, most of the pupillometers available are expensive and not portable, making it harder for them to be used as a widespread screening tool. In this study, we developed a smartphone-based system for chromatic pupillometry that allows targeted stimulation of the ipRGCs. Using a smartphone, this system is portable and accessible and takes advantage of the location of the ipRGCs in the perifovea. The system incorporates a 3D-printed support for the smartphone and an illumination system. Preliminary tests were carried out on a single individual and then validated on eleven healthy individuals with two different LED intensities. The average Post-Illumination Pupil Light Response 6 s after the stimuli offsets (PIPR-6s) showed a difference between the blue and the red stimuli of 9.5% for both intensities, which aligns with the studies using full-field stimulators. The results validated this system for a targeted stimulation of the ipRGCs for chromatic pupillometry, with the potential to be a portable and accessible screening tool for neuro-ophthalmological diseases.

Rapidly growing abdominopelvic mass - to be or not to be, not all we see is what it seems

The finding of a pelvic mass is often a source of great concern to our patients. Establishing the correct diagnosis and accurately staging these tumors is mandatory, but sometimes difficult, as abdominal masses may prove to be benign or malignant and have different etiologies. We describe a patient with a rapidly growing abdominal mass with weight loss and other accompanying symptoms, that together with the exams performed, posed a genuine diagnostic challenge to the team. Only after surgery the authors reached the definitive diagnosis of leiomyoma. Still waters run deep.(AU)

O achado de uma massa pélvica constitui frequentemente uma preocupação para as nossas pacientes. Estabelecer o correto diagnóstico e o estadiamento destes tumores com precisão é mandatório, mas por vezes difícil, uma vez que as massas abdominais podem ser benignas ou malignas e ter diferentes etiologias. Apresentamos um caso de crescimento rápido de um tumor abdominal associado a perda de peso e outros sintomas, que em conjunto com os exames realizados colocaram um desafio à equipe. Somente após a cirurgia os autores confirmaram o diagnóstico definitivo de leiomioma. As aparências iludem. (AU)