Characterisation of Canine and Feline Breast Tumours, Their Metastases, and Corresponding Primary Cell Lines Using LA-REIMS and DESI-MS Imaging.

Breast cancer, a complex disease with a significant prevalence to form metastases, necessitates novel therapeutic strategies to improve treatment outcomes. Here, we present the results of a comparative molecular study of primary breast tumours, their metastases, and the corresponding primary cell lines using Desorption Electrospray Ionisation (DESI) and Laser-Assisted Rapid Evaporative Ionisation Mass Spectrometry (LA-REIMS) imaging. Our results show that ambient ionisation mass spectrometry technology is suitable for rapid characterisation of samples, providing a lipid- and metabolite-rich spectrum within seconds. Our study demonstrates that the lipidomic fingerprint of the primary tumour is not significantly distinguishable from that of its metastasis, in parallel with the similarity observed between their respective primary cell lines. While significant differences were observed between tumours and the corresponding cell lines, distinct lipidomic signatures and several phospholipids such as PA(36:2), PE(36:1), and PE(P-38:4)/PE(O-38:5) for LA-REIMS imaging and PE(P-38:4)/PE(O-38:5), PS(36:1), and PI(38:4) for DESI-MSI were identified in both tumours and cells. We show that the tumours' characteristics can be found in the corresponding primary cell lines, offering a promising avenue for assessing tumour responsiveness to therapeutic interventions. A comparative analysis by DESI-MSI and LA-REIMS imaging revealed complementary information, demonstrating the utility of LA-REIMS in the molecular imaging of cancer.

[Summary Examining the relationship between mentalisation, attachment, and resilience in an adult sample]. / A mentalizáció, a kötodés és a reziliencia kapcsolata felnottek körében.

OBJECTIVE: We investigated the relationship between mentalisation, attachment and resilience in an adult sample. METHOD: 225 people completed the Reflective Function Questionnaire (RFQ-H), the Experiences in Close Relationships Questionnaire (ECR-R-HU), and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Questionnaire (CD-RISC) in our non-clinical study after informed consent. The analysis was controlled for gender of the respondents. RESULTS: The models were found to be significant in the mediator analysis. The path between attachment total score and hypomentalisation was significant (a=2.88, p<0.01, ß=0.32). The direct path between attachment total score and resilience was found to be significant (c'=-2.00, p<0.001, ß=-0.28). The relationship between hypomentalisation and resilience was also significant (b=-0.30, p<0.01, ß=-0.38). The indirect pathway between attachment and resilience through hypomentalisation was found to be significant (∑ab=-0.87 [-1.41 - -0.40], ß = 0.12). Thus, a high total attachment score through higher levels of hypomentalisation predicts lower resilience. Based on the standardized regression coefficients, hypomentalisation was the strongest predictor of resilience, and attachment was more strongly associated with resilience via direct than indirect means via hypomentalisation. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest - considering the limitations of our research - that attachment is related to resilience through mentalisation, and that mentalisation itself is a strong predictor of resilience. The practical implication of our results is that the use of mentalisation-based methods may be worth considering for individuals with lower levels of resilience.

Investigation of Protein and Epitope Characteristics of Oats and Its Implications for Celiac Disease.

The use of pure oats (oats cultivated with special care to avoid gluten contamination from wheat, rye, and barley) in the gluten-free diet (GFD) represents important nutritional benefits for the celiac consumer. However, emerging evidence suggests that some oat cultivars may contain wheat gliadin analog polypeptides. Consequently, it is necessary to screen oats in terms of protein and epitope composition to be able to select safe varieties for gluten-free applications. The overall aim of our study is to investigate the variability of oat protein composition directly related to health-related and techno-functional properties. Elements of an oat sample population representing 162 cultivated varieties from 20 countries and the protein composition of resulting samples have been characterized. Size distribution of the total protein extracts has been analyzed by size exclusion-high performance liquid chromatography (SE-HPLC) while the 70% ethanol-extracted proteins were analyzed by RP-HPLC. Protein extracts separated into three main groups of fractions on the SE-HPLC column: polymeric proteins, avenins (both containing three subgroups based on their size), and soluble proteins, representing respectively 68.79-86.60, 8.86-27.72, and 2.89-11.85% of the total protein content. The ratio of polymeric to monomeric proteins varied between 1.37 and 3.73. Seventy-six reversed phase-HPLC-separated peaks have been differentiated from the ethanol extractable proteins of the entire population. Their distribution among the cultivars varied significantly, 6-23 peaks per cultivar. The number of appearances of peaks also showed large variation: one peak has been found in 107 samples, while 15 peaks have been identified, which appeared in less than five cultivars. An estimation method for ranking the avenin-epitope content of the samples has been developed by using MS spectrometric data of collected RP-HPLC peaks and bioinformatics methods. Using ELISA methodology with the R5 antibody, a high number of the investigated samples were found to be contaminated with wheat, barley, or rye.