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1.
Arch Virol ; 164(2): 607-612, 2019 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30474753

ABSTRACT

Four new H9N2 avian influenza viruses (AIVs) were isolated from domestic birds in Guangdong between December 2015 and April 2016. Nucleotide sequence comparisons indicated that most of the internal genes of these four strains were highly similar to those of human H7N9 viruses. Amino acid substitutions and deletions found in the HA and NA proteins indicated that all four of these new isolates may have an enhanced ability to infect humans and other mammals. A cross-hemagglutinin-inhibition assay, conducted with two vaccine strains that are broadly used in China, suggested that antisera against vaccine candidates could not provide complete inhibition of the new isolates.


Subject(s)
Antigens, Viral/genetics , Evolution, Molecular , Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype/genetics , Influenza in Birds/virology , Poultry Diseases/virology , Animals , China , Ducks , Geese , Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/genetics , Humans , Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype/classification , Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype/isolation & purification , Influenza, Human/virology , Open Reading Frames , Phylogeny
2.
Avian Dis ; 65(4): 559-571, 2021 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35068099

ABSTRACT

To understand the prevalence, coinfection with other viruses, underlying genetic evolution, recombination, and molecular biological characteristics of goose circovirus (GoCV) in Guangdong, China, from December 2019 to August 2020, 310 tissue samples of geese showing stunted growth and feather disorder syndrome were collected from this region and analyzed. GoCV, Tembusu virus, waterfowl paramyxovirus, avian influenza virus, fowl adenovirus type 4, and duck plague virus were detected with PCR or real-time PCR. Thirty-one complete GoCV viral genomes were obtained from 164 PCR-verified GoCV nucleotide-positive samples and subjected to phylogenetic analysis, gene recombination analysis, and genome secondary structure prediction. The results showed that more than half of the samples were GoCV positive, and 31.1% of the GoCV-positive samples were from coinfections with at least one of the other viruses. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the GoCVs could be divided into three genome types. The genes of most main epidemic strains now circulating in Guangdong belonged to the Ia subtype, and some strains gradually formed a new Ib subtype. The secondary structure of the viral genome was similar to that of other known circoviruses. Furthermore, B cell linear epitope prediction and protein structure homology modeling of the viral capsid protein were performed based on the viral amino acid sequences. The results showed that the spatial structure of the capsid protein of the 31 sequenced strains was similar to that of duck circovirus and consisted of two ß-sandwich conformations. A total of five B cell linear epitopes were predicted, and four of them were mapped on the predicted model of the capsid protein of GoCVs. This report provides a reference for the epidemiology of GoCV in Guangdong, understanding the elemental composition of the virus genes and proteins, selecting representative vaccine strains, constructing targeted immune preparations for GoCV, and strengthening prevention and control of the disease.


Prevalencia, coinfección y características evolutivas y moleculares del circovirus del ganso prevalente en Guangdong, China. Para comprender la prevalencia, la coinfección con otros virus, su evolución genética subyacente, la recombinación y las características biológicas moleculares del circovirus del ganso (GoCV) en Guangdong, China, de diciembre de 2019 a agosto de 2020, 310 se recolectaron muestras de tejido de gansos que presentaban retraso en el crecimiento y síndrome del trastorno de las plumas en esta región y fueron analizadas. Se detectaron mediante PCR o por PCR en tiempo real el circovirus del ganso, el virus Tembusu (TMUV), el paramixovirus de aves acuáticas (WFPV), el virus de la influenza aviar (AIV), el adenovirus del pollo tipo 4 (Fadv-4) y el virus de la enteritis viral del pato (DPV). Se obtuvieron 31 genomas virales completos del circovirus del ganso de 164 muestras positivas de nucleótidos de circovirus del ganso verificadas por PCR y se sometieron a análisis filogenético, a análisis de recombinación de genes y predicción de la estructura secundaria del genoma. Los resultados mostraron que más de la mitad de las muestras eran positivas para circovirus del ganso y el 31.1% de las muestras positivas para circovirus del ganso eran de coinfecciones con al menos uno de los otros virus. El análisis filogenético mostró que los circovirus del ganso podrían dividirse en tres tipos de genomas. Los genes de la mayoría de las principales cepas epidémicas que ahora circulan en Guangdong pertenecían al subtipo Ia, y algunas cepas formaron gradualmente un nuevo subtipo Ib. La estructura secundaria del genoma viral era similar a la de otros circovirus conocidos. Además, la predicción del epítope lineal de células B y el modelo de la homología de la estructura de la proteína de la cápside viral se realizaron basándose en las secuencias de aminoácidos virales. Los resultados mostraron que la estructura espacial de la proteína de la cápside de las 31 cepas secuenciadas era similar a la del circovirus de pato y consistía de dos conformaciones de tipo sándwich ß. Se predijo un total de cinco epítopes lineales de células B y cuatro de ellos se mapearon en el modelo predicho de la proteína de la cápside del circovirus del ganso. Este informe proporciona una referencia para la epidemiología de circovirus del ganso en Guangdong, entendiendo la composición elemental de los genes y proteínas del virus, seleccionando cepas de vacunas representativas, construyendo preparaciones de blancos inmunitarios para circovirus del ganso y fortaleciendo la prevención y el control de la enfermedad.


Subject(s)
Circoviridae Infections , Circovirus , Coinfection , Poultry Diseases , Animals , China/epidemiology , Circoviridae Infections/epidemiology , Circoviridae Infections/veterinary , Circovirus/genetics , Coinfection/veterinary , Genome, Viral , Phylogeny , Prevalence
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