"Peace of Mind" After Mastectomy: A Scoping Review.

BACKGROUND: Many women eligible for breast conservation therapy (BCT) elect unilateral mastectomy (UM) with or without contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) and cite a desire for "peace of mind." This study aimed to characterize how peace of mind is defined and measured and how it relates to surgical choice. METHODS: Nine databases were searched for relevant articles through 8 October 2023, and data were extracted from articles meeting the inclusion criteria. RESULTS: The inclusion criteria were met by 20 studies. Most were prospective cohort studies (65%, 13/20). In the majority of the studies (72%, 13/18), Non-Hispanic white/Caucasian women comprised 80 % or more of the study's sample. Almost half of the studies used the phrase "peace of mind" in their publication (45%, 9/20), and few directly defined the construct (15%, 3/20). Instead, words representing an absence of peace of mind were common, specifically, "anxiety" (85%, 17/20), "fear" (75%, 15/20), and "concern" (75%, 15/20). Most of the studies (90%, 18/20) measured peace of mind indirectly using questionnaires validated for anxiety, fear, worry, distress, or concern, which were administered at multiple postoperative time points (55%, 11/20). Most of the studies (95%, 18/19) reported at least one statistically significant result showing no difference in peace of mind between BCT, UM, and/or CPM at their latest time of assessment. CONCLUSION: Peace of mind is largely framed around concepts that suggest its absence, namely, anxiety, fear, and concern. Existing literature suggests that peace of mind does not differ among average-risk women undergoing BCT, UM, or CPM. Shared surgical decisions should emphasize at least comparable emotional and/or psychosocial well-being between CPM and breast conservation.

Are There Disparities in Breast Reconstruction After Contralateral Prophylactic Mastectomy?

INTRODUCTION: Despite national guidelines against contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) in low- to moderate-risk breast cancer, CPM use continues to rise. Breast reconstruction improves health-related quality of life and satisfaction among women undergoing mastectomy. Given the lack of data regarding factors associated with reconstruction after CPM and the known benefits of reconstruction, we sought to investigate whether disparities exist in receipt of reconstruction after CPM. METHODS: The 2004-2017 National Cancer Database was queried to identify women diagnosed with breast cancer who underwent unilateral mastectomy with CPM. Patients were divided into two groups: those who underwent planned reconstruction at any timepoint and those who did not. A secondary analysis comparing types of reconstruction (tissue, implant, combined) was conducted. Patient, tumor, and demographic characteristics were analyzed using chi-square test and odds ratios were calculated using generalized estimating equations. RESULTS: The cohort included 1,73,249 women: 95,818 (55.3%) underwent reconstruction and 77,431 (45.7%) did not. Both the rate CPM and the proportion of women undergoing reconstruction after CPM increased between 2004 and 2017. Of the women who had reconstruction, 40,840 (51.7%) received implants, 29,807 (37.7%) had tissue, and 8352 (10.6%) had combined reconstruction. After adjusted analysis, factors associated with reconstruction were young age, Hispanic ethnicity, private insurance, and living in an area with the highest education and median income (P < 0.01). Patients who underwent reconstruction were less likely to have radiation (P < 0.01) and chemotherapy (P < 0.01), more likely to have stage I disease (P < 0.01), and to be treated at an integrated cancer center (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Reconstruction after CPM is disproportionately received by younger women, Hispanics, those with private insurance, and higher socioeconomic status and education. While the rate of reconstruction after CPM is increasing, there remain significant disparities. Conscious efforts must be made to eliminate these disparities, especially given the known benefits of reconstruction after mastectomy.

Breast Cancer Screening and Prophylactic Mastectomy for High-Risk Women in Romania.

Breast cancer remains a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality within oncology. Risk factors, encompassing genetic and environmental influences, significantly contribute to its prevalence. While germline mutations, notably within the BRCA genes, are commonly associated with heightened breast cancer risk, a spectrum of other variants exists among affected individuals. Diagnosis relies on imaging techniques, biopsies, biomarkers, and genetic testing, facilitating personalised risk assessment through specific scoring systems. Breast cancer screening programs employing mammography and other imaging modalities play a crucial role in early detection and management, leading to improved outcomes for affected individuals. Regular screening enables the identification of suspicious lesions or abnormalities at earlier stages, facilitating timely intervention and potentially reducing mortality rates associated with breast cancer. Genetic mutations guide screening protocols, prophylactic interventions, treatment modalities, and patient prognosis. Prophylactic measures encompass a range of interventions, including chemoprevention, hormonal inhibition, oophorectomy, and mastectomy. Despite their efficacy in mitigating breast cancer incidence, these interventions carry potential side effects and psychological implications, necessitating comprehensive counselling tailored to individual cases.

Contralateral prophylactic mastectomy: Weighing the risks of delayed chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and hormonal therapy.

BACKGROUND: Many patients with unilateral breast cancer opt for contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) at the time of therapeutic mastectomy (immediate CPM) or following completion of adjuvant therapy. Studies show that immediate CPM increases the risk of surgical complications related to unilateral mastectomy (UM) alone, which may lead to delays in adjuvant therapy initiation. However, it is unclear if these complications cause clinically significant delays in initiating adjuvant chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or hormonal therapy. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted on patients with breast cancer who underwent immediate CPM versus UM alone at Columbia University Medical Center from January 2000 to December 2020. Patient demographic and oncologic characteristics; complications; and timing of adjuvant chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and/or hormonal therapy relative to therapeutic mastectomy were collected. RESULTS: In this study, 239 UM alone patients were propensity score matched to 239 immediate CPM patients. No significant difference in complication rates was found between the index and contralateral breasts in CPM patients. A similar percentage of CPM and UM patients experienced postoperative complications (19% vs. 17%, p = 0.64). No significant difference in time to adjuvant chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or hormonal therapy was found between CPM patients with complications and all CPM patients or all UM patients. CONCLUSIONS: There is a lack of clear guidance for clinical decision-making regarding timing of CPM relative to adjuvant therapy. Our study suggests that immediate CPM does not significantly increase the risks of postoperative complications or complication-related delays in the initiation of adjuvant chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or hormonal therapy. This information may help patients and providers to plan, select, and schedule breast cancer treatment options.

Influence of contralateral prophylactic mastectomy on textbook outcome attainment at time of mastectomy.

INTRODUCTION: The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of textbook oncologic outcome (TOO) and its impact on overall survival (OS) among patients with invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) following modified radical mastectomy (MRM) versus MRM with contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (MRM â€‹+ â€‹CPM). METHODS: The 2004-2017 National Cancer Database was queried for patients with IDC who underwent MRM and MRM â€‹+ â€‹CPM. TOO was defined as: resection with negative margins, adequate lymphadenectomy, length of stay ≤50th percentile, and no 30-day readmission or mortality. RESULTS: 87,573 patients were identified, of which 14.3% underwent MRM â€‹+ â€‹CPM. Logistic regression models revealed that MRM â€‹+ â€‹CPM is independently associated with a reduced likelihood of achieving TOO (AOR â€‹= â€‹0.71; P â€‹< â€‹0.001). MRM patients who achieved TOO had a higher median OS compared to those who did not (164.6 vs.142.2 months, P â€‹< â€‹0.001). CONCLUSIONS: MRM â€‹+ â€‹CPM is associated with a lower incidence of TOO attainment compared to MRM.

The impact of prophylactic mastectomy on sexual well-being: a systematic review.

INTRODUCTION: Considering the increasing women's awareness of health promotion and disease prevention programs, mutation carriers are inevitably asked to face important decisions concerning the possibility of undergoing prophylactic mastectomy. Risk-reducing mastectomy (RRM) has become increasingly more common, although it has a significant impact on women's quality of life and sexual well-being. OBJECTIVES: The systematic review aims to evaluate the impact of RRM on the sexuality of women with breast cancer. METHODS: According to Cochrane Collaboration guidelines and the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement, the study quantified the effects of frontline work on the mental health of healthcare workers. This review followed the PRISMA guidelines. Three databases were systematically searched from inception to December 2022. The expression ("sexuality" OR "sexual" OR "sex") AND ("prophylactic mastectomy" OR "risk-reducing mastectomy") was searched in PubMed, Ovid Medline, and Embase. Twenty-two articles published in English until 2022 were selected. RESULTS: Two studies investigated sexual experience after risk-reducing surgeries as a single outcome, while other studies analyzed the relationship between sexuality and psychosocial outcomes, risk perception, and satisfaction. In all of the included studies, significant findings in sexual dysfunction were found. The most reported problems were related to sexual satisfaction and attractiveness, body image, and loss of femininity. Last, women reported changes in the relationship with their partners. CONCLUSION: RRM has a major impact on body image that affects sexual functioning and quality of life. These implications must be considered during treatment selection.

Construction and Validation of a Nomogram Predicting the Overall Survival Benefit of Unilateral Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Contralateral Prophylactic Mastectomy.

BACKGROUND: Currently, research on the prognostic factors of unilateral breast cancer (UBC) patients receiving contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) is limited. This study aimed to construct a new nomogram to predict these patients' overall survival (OS). METHODS: In this retrospective study, 88,477 patients who underwent CPM or unilateral mastectomy (UM) were selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression analyses were used to determine the difference in the impact of the 2 surgical methods on the prognosis. Multivariate Cox analysis was used to determine the best prognostic variable and construct a nomogram. The concordance index (C-index), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curve, decision curve analysis (DCA), net reclassification improvement (NRI), and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) were used to evaluate the discrimination capability and clinical effectiveness of the nomogram. RESULTS: The prognosis of patients receiving CPM and UM was significantly different. The DCA curves indicated that the nomogram could provide more excellent clinical net benefits for these patients. The NRI and IDI of the nomogram demonstrated that its performance was better than that of the classical tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging system. CONCLUSION: This study developed and validated a practical nomogram to predict the OS of UBC patients undergoing CPM, which provided a beneficial tool for clinical decision-making management.

Current Status of Contralateral Prophylactic Mastectomy: Investigating Structural Racial Disparity.

BACKGROUND: Contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) remains a personal decision, influenced by psychosocial factors, including cosmesis and peace of mind. Although use of CPM is disproportionately low among Black patients, the degree to which these disparities are driven by patient- vs hospital-level factors remains unknown. STUDY DESIGN: Patients undergoing mastectomy for nonmetastatic ductal or lobular breast cancer were tabulated using the National Cancer Database from 2004 to 2020. The primary endpoint was receipt of CPM. Multivariable logistic regression models were constructed with interaction terms between Black-serving hospital (BSH) status and patient race to evaluate associations with CPM. Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate long-term survival. RESULTS: Of 597,845 women studied, 70,911 (11.9%) were Black. After multivariable adjustment, Black race (adjusted odds ratio 0.65, 95% CI 0.64 to 0.67) and treatment at BSH (adjusted odds ratio 0.84, 95% CI 0.83 to 0.85) were independently linked to lower odds of CPM. Although predicted probability of CPM was universally lower at higher BSH, Black patients faced a steeper reduction compared with White patients. Receipt of CPM was linked to improved survival (hazard ratio [HR] 0.84, 95% CI 0.83 to 0.86), whereas Black race was associated with a greater HR of 10-year mortality (HR 1.14, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.17). CONCLUSIONS: Hospitals serving a greater proportion of Black patients are less likely to use CPM, suggestive of disparities in access to CPM at the institutional level. Further research and education are needed to characterize surgeon-specific and institutional practices in patient counseling and shared decision-making that shape disparities in access to CPM.

Timing of genetic testing in BRCA1/2 and PALB2-Associated breast cancer: Preoperative result disclosure increases uptake of risk-reducing mastectomy and reduces unnecessary exposure to radiotherapy.

INTRODUCTION: The impact of timing of genetic testing on uptake of risk reducing mastectomy (RRM) in affected female BRCA1/2 or PALB2 carriers remains an area of evolving interest, particularly with the introduction of mainstream genetic testing initiatives. METHODS: Women with stage I-III breast cancer and a confirmed germline pathogenic variant in BRCA1/2 or PALB2 between 2000 and 2023 were identified from an institutional genetics database. Uptake of RRM was evaluated according to disclosure of genetic testing results before or after index surgery for a first diagnosis of breast cancer. RESULTS: The cohort included 287 female BRCA1/2 or PALB2 carriers with a median age of 44 years (IQR, 36-52). Overall, 155 (54 %) carriers received genetic testing results before and 132 (46 %) after index breast surgery. Receipt of genetic testing results before surgery was associated with a higher rate of index bilateral mastectomy (58.7 % vs. 7.6 %, p < 0.001) and a commensurate decrease in adjuvant radiation (41.9 % vs. 74.2 %, p < 0.001). At a median follow up of 4.4 years after genetic testing, 219 (76.3 %) affected carriers had undergone bilateral RRM, including 83.9 % with preoperative knowledge and 67.4 % of patients with postoperative knowledge of their germline pathogenic variant (log rank, p < 0.001). On multivariate regression, disclosure of genetic testing results before index breast surgery was independently associated with long-term uptake of bilateral mastectomy (HR 1.69, 95 % CI 1.21-2.38). CONCLUSION: Genetic testing results delivered prior to index breast surgery increase uptake of bilateral RRM in affected BRCA1/2 and PALB2 carriers. Efforts to mainstream genetic testing would help optimize surgical decision-making.

Mastectomia preventiva em situações de câncer de mama precoce / Preventive mastectomy in situations of early breast cancer: an integrative review

A mastectomia preventiva relacionada às neoplasias de mama precoces é um tema de grande importância na área da oncologia, especialmente para mulheres com alto risco genético de desenvolver câncer de mama. Objetivo: Descrever como a mastectomia relaciona-se com a prevenção de neoplasias de mama precoces. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Para construção da pesquisa, a coleta e análise de dados foi realizada através do Portal da Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde e da base de dados Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online via PubMed, através dos Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS): "Mastectomia Profilática", "Neoplasias da Mama" e "Fatores de Risco" combinados entre si pelo operador booleano AND. Como critérios de inclusão: estudos relacionados à temática excluindo-se as revisões de literatura, com delimitação temporal dos últimos cinco anos, nos idiomas inglês, português e espanhol. A questão norteadora foi construída com base na estratégia PICo de acordo com a descrição (População, Interesse e Contexto). Resultados: Foram encontrados 76 artigos, destes 64 foram excluídos devido aos filtros utilizados e a leitura dos resumos e na íntegra, restando apenas 12 estudos para compor a amostra final. Em suma, os estudos demonstram que a mastectomia preventiva pode oferecer às mulheres com alto risco genético uma opção para reduzir suas chances de desenvolver câncer de mama. Conclusão: A mastectomia preventiva relacionada às neoplasias de mama precoces é uma opção terapêutica complexa e individualizada, que busca reduzir o risco de desenvolvimento ou recorrência do câncer de mama em mulheres de alto risco

: Preventive mastectomy related to early breast neoplasms is a topic of great concern in the field of oncology, especially for women with a high genetic risk of developing breast cancer. Objective: To describe how mastectomy is related to the prevention of early breast cancer. Methods: This is an integrative literature review. For the construction of the research, data collection and analysis was carried out through the Virtual Health Library Portal and the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online database via PubMed, through the Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS): "Prophylactic Mastectomy","Breast Neoplasms" and "Risk Factors" combined with the Boolean AND operator. As inclusion criteria: studies related to the theme excluding literature reviews,with publication time delimitation of the last five years, in English, Portuguese and Spanish. The research question was structured based on the PICo strategy according to the description (Population, Interest and Context). Results: 76 articles were found, of which 64 were excluded after the filters application. We performed the reading of abstracts and full text, and 12 studies were selected to compose the final sample. In summary, studies demonstrate that preventive mastectomy can offer women at high genetic risk an option to reduce their chances of developing breast cancer. Conclusion: Preventive mastectomy related to early breast neoplasms is a complex and individualized therapeutic option that seeks to reduce the risk of breast cancer development or recurrence in high-risk women

Revisitando la indicación de la mastectomía profiláctica contralateral en pacientes con Síndrome de Li-Fraumeni y cáncer de mama. Reporte de un caso / Revisiting the indication for prophylactic contralateral mastectomy in patients with Li-Fraumeni syndrome and breast cáncer. Case report

Objetivo: describir el caso de una paciente con Síndrome de Li-Fraumeni (SLF) y cáncer de mama, en quien se cuestionó el beneficio en la supervivencia de la mastectomía profiláctica contralateral (MPC); asimismo, se pretende hacer una discusión crítica acerca de la evidencia que soporta este procedimiento en esta población. Presentación del caso: mujer de 37 años con cáncer de mama y múltiples antecedentes familiares de cánceres de temprana aparición del espectro del SLF, en quien, durante la adyuvancia hormonal, se confirmó una variante patogénica en el gen TP53. La paciente fue presentada en la Junta Multidisciplinaria del Servicio de Mama de un Centro Oncológico de referencia en Colombia, con el fin de discutir el beneficio de la MPC. La decisión de la junta fue no realizar la MPC. Después de 30 meses de seguimiento la paciente se encuentra libre de enfermedad. Conclusión: no existe evidencia que analice, de forma particular, el impacto de la MPC en la supervivencia de las pacientes con SLF y cáncer de mama. Sin embargo, a la luz del conocimiento actual no es posible generalizar la conducta de omitir esta cirugía profiláctica. Es importante reportar los casos en los que se decida realizar u omitir este procedimiento con el fin de incrementar el cuerpo de la evidencia, dado que existen limitaciones para construir grandes cohortes o estudios experimentales exclusivos para esta alteración genética.

Objective: To describe the case of a patient with Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) and breast cancer in whom the benefit of contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) was challenged; and to offer a critical discussion regarding the evidence supporting this procedure in this patient population. Case presentation: A 37-year-old woman with breast cancer and a family history of multiple early onset cancer of the LFS spectrum in whom a pathogenic variant of the TP53 gene was confirmed during adjuvant hormonal therapy. The case was presented during the multidisciplinary meeting of the Breast Service of a referral oncology center in Colombia, in order to discuss the benefit of CPM. The decision of the board meeting was not to perform CPM. After 30 months of follow-up, the patient is disease-free. Conclusion: There is no evidence on the impact of CPM on survival of patients with LFS and breast cancer in particular. However, in light of the current knowledge, it is not possible to generalize the approach of withholding this prophylactic surgery. It is important to report those cases in which the decision is made to either perform or omit this procedure in order to increase the body of evidence, considering the limitations that make it difficult to build large cohorts or conduct trials exclusively for this genetic disorder.

Características, satisfacción global y calidad de vida de las pacientes que optaron por Mastectomía de Reducción de Riesgo Contralateral en el Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires / Characteristics, global satisfaction and quality of life in patients who decide to undergo Contralateral Prophylactic Mastectomy

Introducción: La mastectomía de reducción de riesgo contalateral (MRRC) es una procedimiento que ha ido incrementándose en los últimos años sin demostrar un claro beneficio en cuanto a supervivencia global. Este incremento paradójicamente se ve reflejado en pacientes con bajo riesgo de desarrollar un carcinoma de mama contralateral. Objetivo: El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las características de las pacientes con diagnóstico de cáncer de mama unilateral, que optan por realizar MRRC y su calidad de vida, evaluado el procedimiento, la satisfacción global y el impacto que genera en las pacientes, tanto a nivel psicológico, cosmético, social y sexual. Material y método: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo transversal de pacientes con diagnostico de cáncer de mama unilateral tratadas con mastectomía que optaron por realizar MRRC entre el año 2005 y octubre del año 2019. Se incluyeron 74 pacientes que realizaron MRRC. Resultados: La edad de las pacientes fue de 43.6 años. Dentro de nuestra casuística el 92.8% de las pacientes se encuentran satisfechas reflejando una buena calidad de vida. La totalidad de las pacientes volvería a optar por este procedimiento y están satisfechas con la decisión tomada. Por el contrario el 7.2% no se encuentran satisfechas, reflejándose negativamente en su bienestar sexual, imagen corporal y comodidad frente a una reunión social. Conclusiones: Si bien el grado de satisfacción en cuanto a la realización de la MRRC es elevado, hay que tener en cuenta que este procedimiento no está libre de complicaciones y efectos adversos los cuales impactan en diferentes aspectos psicosociales de las pacientes afectando así su calidad de vida, Es por esto que la decisión para realizar este procedimiento debe ser contemplada con cuidado asesorando a las pacientes e informando tanto los riesgos como los beneficios del mismo.

Introduction: Contralateral Prophylactic Mastectomy (CPM) it's a procedure that has been increasing in the last years, without demonstrating a clear benefit in overall survival. Paradoxically this increase is reflected in low risk patients who decide to undergo CPM. Objetive: The purpose of this study is to describe the characteristics of the patients with unilateral breast cancer who decide to undergo CPM, analyzing this procedure, evaluating quality of life, global satisfaction and the psychological, cosmetic social and sexual outcomes. Material and method: A restrospective trial was conducted on patients diagnosed with unilateral breast cancer, who underwent mastectomy and CPM between the year 2005 and october 2019. 74 patients were included in this tria. Results: The mean age of patients in this study was 43.6 years. In our study 92.8% of the patients were satisfied, reflecting this in their quality of life. All patients would choose this procedure again, and are satisfied with the decision they have mad. On the other end 7.2% were dissatisfied, reflecting this result negatively in their sexual well being, body image and comfort in social meeting. Conclusions: Although the rate of satisfaction with performance of CPM is elevated, we must consider that this procedure is not free of complications and adverse errects. In fact they do exist and they impact in different psychosocial aspect, and quality of lige. This is why the decision to carry out this procedure must be carefully considered, advising patients and informing both the risks and benefits of it.

Mastectomía profiláctica versus vigilancia en la prevención de cáncer de mama en mujeres BRCA positivo / Prophylactic mastectomy versus surveillance for the prevention of breast cancer in women's BRCA carriers

INTRODUCCIÓN: Las mujeres que poseen mutaciones en genes BRCA tienen un alto riesgo de desarrollar cáncer de mama. Por lo anterior, se han planteado múltiples estrategias preventivas dentro de las cuales se encuentra la mastectomía profiláctica. Existe controversia sobre si los beneficios de esta intervención superan al de una vigilancia activa, en especial considerando el impacto físico y psicológico asociado. MÉTODOS: Para responder esta pregunta utilizamos Epistemonikos, la mayor base de datos de revisiones sistemáticas en salud, la cual es mantenida mediante búsquedas en múltiples fuentes de información, incluyendo MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, entre otras. Extrajimos los datos desde las revisiones identificadas, analizamos los datos de los estudios primarios, realizamos un metanálisis y preparamos una tabla de resumen de los resultados utilizando el método GRADE. RESULTADOS Y CONCLUSIONES: Identificamos 13 revisiones sistemáticas que en conjunto incluyen 50 estudios primarios. Concluímos que si bien la mastectomía profiláctica se asocia a efectos adversos frecuentes, reduce la incidencia de cáncer de mama y la mortalidad, y podría asociarse a altos niveles de satisfacción.

INTRODUCTION: Women who have mutations in BRCA genes have a high risk of developing breast cancer. Therefore, multiple preventive strategies have been proposed, within which is prophylactic mastectomy. Considering physical and psychological effects of surgery, the controversy is established as to whether the preventive effect exceeds that of active vigilance. METHODS: To answer this question we used Epistemonikos, the largest database of systematic reviews in health, which is maintained by screening multiple information sources, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, among others. We extracted data from the systematic reviews, reanalyzed data of primary studies, conducted a meta-analysis and generated a summary of findings table using the GRADE approach. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: We identified 13 systematic reviews including 50 studies overall. We concluded prophylactic mastectomy is associated with frequent adverse effects, but probably reduces the incidence of breast cancer and decreases mortality, in addition to being associated with high levels of satisfaction.

Carcinoma de ovario en paciente con mutación del gen BRCA1. Diagnóstico tras biopsia de adenopatía cervical, en el contexto de un síndrome paraneoplásico cutáneo / Ovarian carcinoma in a patient with a BRCA1 gene mutation. Diagnosis after biopsy of cervical adenopathy, in the context of a cutaneous paraneoplastic syndrome

RESUMEN El cáncer epitelial de ovario representa uno de los tumores ginecológicos más letales ya que más del 75% de las pacientes son diagnosticadas en estadío avanzado. Aún no se ha demostrado que la realización de pruebas y exámenes pélvicos rutinarios haya reducido la mortalidad, no existiendo actualmente, un cribado eficaz para su diagnóstico precoz. Aunque la sintomatología metastásica extraperitoneal más común es el derrame pleural, las linfadenopatías neoplásicas a nivel supraclavicular aparecen hasta en el 4% de casos, generalmente asociándose a un mal pronóstico. La identificación de una adenopatía supraclavicular se relaciona hasta en un 58-83% de los casos, con el hallazgo de una tumoración maligna. Por otro lado, la dermatomiositis del adulto puede tener un origen paraneoplásico en un 15-25% de las ocasiones, siendo el cáncer de mama y de ovario la etiología más frecuente en la población femenina. Las pacientes portadoras de mutaciones en los genes BRCA 1 y 2 tienen un aumento del riesgo de padecer neoplasias de mama y ovario. En aquellas afectas de un cáncer de ovario y portadoras de una mutación en los genes BRCA, no se debería plantear una cirugía profiláctica de rutina sobre la mama, al menos en los primeros 5 años tras el diagnóstico de la neoplasia ovárica. Presentamos el caso de una paciente portadora de una mutación germinal del gen BRCA 1, que debuta con un cáncer de ovario, tras el estudio de una adenopatía neoplásica de cuello, biopsiada en el contexto de un síndrome paraneoplásico cutáneo.

ABSTRACT Epithelial ovarian cancer represents one of the most lethal gynecological tumors, since more than 75% of affected women are diagnosed at an advanced stage. However, studies have not demonstrated yet that performing routine pelvic exams and tests had reduced mortality in ovarian cancer, and currently there is no effective screening for early diagnosis. The most common extraperitoneal metastatic symptomatology of ovarian cancer is pleural effusion, but there are other, like neoplastic lymphadenopathies at supraclavicular level, described in up to 4% of cases and generally related to a poor prognosis. The identification of a supraclavicular adenopathy is associated with the finding of a malignant tumor in 58-83% of the cases. On the other hand, adult dermatomyositis can have a paraneoplastic origin in 15-25% of patients, being breast and ovarian cancer the most frequent etiology in the female population. Patients with BRCA 1 and 2 genes mutations have an increased risk of breast and ovarian malignancies. In those affected by an ovarian cancer and carriers of a mutation in the BRCA genes, routine prophylactic surgery should not be considered on the breast, at least in the first 5 years after the diagnosis of ovarian neoplasia. We present the case of a patient with a germinal mutation of the BRCA 1 gene, who debuts with an ovarian cancer, after the study of a neoplastic adenopathy of neck, biopsied in the context of a cutaneous paraneoplastic syndrome.

El uso de mallas parcialmente absorbibles como cobertura y sostén del polo inferior en reconstrucción mamaria / The use of meshes partially absorbable as coverage and support of the lower pole in breast reconstruction

La reconstrucción mamaria inmediata con implantes en mastectomía ahorradora de piel o adenomastectomía profiláctica presenta con frecuencia una cobertura débil y deficiente del polo inferior. Del mismo modo que en las cirugías de revisión de complicaciones de implantes mamarios por asimetrías o descenso de surco, sinmastia o contractura capsular, en nuestra práctica privada. El uso de mallas biológicas y sintéticas ha crecido a nivel mundial. Presentamos nuestra experiencia en el uso de mallas parcialmente absorbibles para la cobertura del polo inferior de la mama. Las mismas que son usadas con frecuencia en nuestro medio en cirugía general

In skin sparing mastectomy and prophylactic mastectomy with immediate breast implant reconstruction is usual the weak and deficient coverage. In the same way, the revision procedures of the breast implant complication such us bottoming out, fold malposition, synmastia or capsular contracture in our private practices. The biologic and synthetic mesh has increase all around the world in order to reinforce the lower pole. The partial absorbable mesh is our alternative in breast reconstruction and revision surgery in breast cosmetic implant