Long-term follow-up of a patient with deepbite and severely resorbed maxillary central incisors treated by maxillary premolar and mandibular incisor extraction.

Deepbite is a common type of malocclusion, but it leads to difficulties in treatment and retention. We report the treatment of an adult patient with deepbite and severe crowding of teeth. Several teeth had to be restored, and the maxillary central incisors had short roots. Various treatment plans were considered, and extraction of the maxillary right and left first premolars, and mandibular right central incisor was planned. Successful treatment results were obtained with long-term retention.

Risk factors associated with open gingival embrasures after orthodontic treatment.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the incidence of and contributing factors to open gingival embrasures between the central incisors after orthodontic treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred posttreatment patients (29 men and 71 women; mean age, 24.7 years) were divided retrospectively into occurrence and nonoccurrence groups based on intraoral photographs. Based on the severity, the occurrence group was further divided into mild, moderate, and severe groups. Parameters from periapical radiographs, superimposed lateral cephalograms, and study models were compared between the occurrence and the nonoccurrence groups by using independent t-tests and were also analyzed on the basis of severity via analysis of variance. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the contributing factors to open gingival embrasures. RESULTS: The incidence of open gingival embrasures between the central incisors was 22% and 36% in the maxilla and the mandible, respectively. Lingual movement of the incisors, distance from the contact point to the alveolar crest after treatment, antero-posterior overlap of the two central incisors before treatment in the maxilla, and distance from the contact point to the alveolar crest after treatment in the mandible were significantly associated with the occurrence of open gingival embrasures ( P < .05). In the mandible, the amount of intrusion was significantly related to severity ( P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of open gingival embrasures following orthodontic tooth movement is high. Therefore, attention should be paid to the contributing factors to prevent or reduce the occurrence of open gingival embrasures.