Fertility-sparing surgery for borderline ovarian Brenner tumor and subsequent childbirth: First case report and a literature review.

Borderline ovarian Brenner tumors are rare malignancies mainly diagnosed after menopause. A first pregnancy after fertility-sparing surgery by laparoscopic unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was reported in a previous article. We now report the first baby birth after unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for a borderline ovarian Brenner tumor and a review of the literature.

Suspension of ulipristal acetate for uterine fibroids during ongoing EMA's review of liver injury risk: Unfortunate timing during the Covid-19 pandemic!

OBJECTIVE: EMA decided that with ulipristal acetate (UPA) treatment for uterine fibroids, should be discontinued due to the associated risk of hepatic failure, We analyzed whether the risk of recurrent symptoms due to fibroids may lead to an increased risk of Covid -19 infection and death, that would exceed the former risk of hepatic failure and transplantation. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: We used a Markov model to generate probabilities. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: There are currently about 36,250 treated patients in Europe. We estimated bleeding probabilities, while using or discontinuing UPA, which may induce a need of medical or surgical management in symptomatic patients, and increase the risk of acquiring a Covid-19 infection, and die from it. We also estimated the risk of suffering a hepatic failure and hepatic transplantation. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: Based on our assumptions, ceasing UPA during a Covid 19 pandemic may be associated with a fatality ratio between 4 and 18, due to the Pandemic, whereas pursuing UPA would be associated with a fatality rate due to the pandemic between 1-2, and an added fatality rate due to hepatic impairment of 1. The added risk of stopping UPA may range between 2 and 15 additional deaths. Our calculations suggest that the decision to stop UPA in the middle of the Covid- 19 pandemic may be untimely, since it may result in an increased risk of Covid-19 infection, due to the recurrence of symptoms and the need for medical and surgical treatment. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: A decision, like the one EMA took need to be taken in a wider health context of a population, than simply analyzing its role as regulating agent for medications.

Added value of para-aortic surgical staging compared to 18F-FDG PET/CT on the external beam radiation field for patients with locally advanced cervical cancer: An ONCO-GF study.

OBJECTIVE: Extended field chemoradiation is recommended for patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) and para-aortic lymph node (PALN) metastases. The radiation planning may be based on PET/CT while others recommend to rely on surgical staging. We report the rate of patients for whom the radiation field defined on PET/CT was modified by the histological PALN status. METHODS: Between March 2010 and December 2016, 168 consecutive patients with LACC underwent a pre-therapeutic PET/CT and PALN dissection. The data were reviewed retrospectively. The diagnostic performance of the PET/CT for definition of PALN status was calculated. We determined the percentage of patients for whom PALN dissection altered the external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) field defined on the PET/CT basis. RESULTS: Of 151 patients with negative PALNs on PET/CT, 26 had histological PALN metastases. Of 17 patients with positive PALNs on PET/CT, 9 were negative on histology of which 7 were located in the common iliac region. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of PET/CT were 23.5, 93.3, 47.1 and 82.8% respectively. In total, 35 out of 168 patients underwent EBRT - field adaptation (pelvic vs extended field). The rate of radiation field modification (27,7%) was particularly high in the subgroup of patients with metastatic pelvic lymph nodes (PLNs) on PET/CT. CONCLUSION: Para-aortic surgical staging contributes significantly to individualize the radiation treatment of patients with LACC, particularly for those with positive PLNs at PET/CT. Indication of surgical staging deserves particular attention when the PET/CT suggests positive LNs in the common iliac region.

Omental trophoblastic implants after surgical management of ectopic pregnancy.

Peritoneal implants secondary to a tubal ectopic pregnancy or extratubal omental secondary trophoblastic implants (ESTI) are a rare entity often underestimated or unknown. It can be responsible of rising in the ss-hCG titer after salpingectomy for ectopic tubal pregnancy. Moreover, implants on the omentum are exceptional. This particular localization is exceptional and its physiopathology, diagnosis, surgical management and follow-up are discussed in this paper.

Androgen receptor expression in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix.

If in vitro studies have demonstrated a potential interaction between human papillomavirus (HPV) and androgen receptor (AR), their expression in vivo during cervical carcinogenesis remains unknown. To clarify the issue, we have tested by immunohistochemistry the expression status of AR in low-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (LSIL-CIN1) (n=30), high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (HSIL-CIN2/3) (n=30), and invasive squamous cell carcinoma (ISCC) (n=13). All the patients with these lesions have got a corresponding liquid-based cytology and were proved to be HPV positive by using hybrid capture II methodology with probes against high-risk oncogenic HPVs (HR-HPVs). Thirty cases of normal exocervix epithelium served as controls. The evaluation of AR expression was performed by using H-score system, and an H-score >50 was considered positive. Androgen receptor expression was observed in 100% of normal epithelium (30/30) and LSIL (30/30), but only in 63% of HSIL (19/30) and 23% of ISCC (3/13). A statistically significant difference (P<0.05) concerning this expression was found between normal epithelium and HSIL or ISCC, between LSIL and HSIL or ISCC, and between HSIL and ISCC. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study describing that the loss of AR expression is a frequent and common event in HSIL and ISCC resulting probably from complex interactions between HR-HPVs and these receptors. These data provide new insights concerning a potential role of androgen and AR in cervical carcinogenesis, which should be confirmed in furthers studies.

Giant cervical polyp: a case report and review of a rare entity.

BACKGROUND: If cervical polyps are a common pathology in the female adult population, giant cervical polyps with a size greater than 4 cm are rare and until now only several cases have been described in literature. The size and the clinical presentation can mimic a cervical neoplasia. The management is surgical and can be conservative regarding to the benign pathological feature of this entity. CASE REPORT: We report the case of a giant cervical polyp of 5.5 cm occurring in a multiparous 47-year-old woman who clinically presented vaginal bleeding. The lesion was resected by electrosurgery with no recurrence 7 months after surgery. CONCLUSION: The diagnosis, management and outcome of this rare entity had been reviewed according to the literature.

[Contribution of HPV sequences detection in cervical carcinoma screening]. / Intérêt de la recherche des séquences virales HPV dans le dépistage du cancer du col utérin.

At the present time, Human Papillomaviruses (HPV) is a leading cause of squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) and invasive carcinoma of the cervix. The aim of this article was to review the main taxonomic and epidemiologic data on HPV infection and to assess the potential clinical implications of the different HPV tests in staging women with borderline cytologies (ASC-US; ASC-H; LSIL); for follow-up after treatment of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), for primary screening as the sole screening modality, or in association with cytology.

Estrogen and progesterone receptors in smooth muscle component of deep infiltrating endometriosis.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the expression of estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptors in the smooth muscle component (SMC) of deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE). DESIGN: A prospective clinical and pathologic study of 60 cases of DIE. SETTING: University Hospital Department of Gynacology. PATIENT(S): Sixty patients with symptomatic DIE (uterosacral endometriosis n = 14; bladder endometriosis n = 10; colonic endometriosis n = 16; rectovaginal endometriosis n = 20). INTERVENTION(S): Laparoscopic surgery. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The expression of ER and PR was studied by immunohistochemistry in the SMC directly around endometriotic foci and at distance (at least >1.5 cm) from them in correlation with proliferative and secretory phases of cycle. RESULTS: The ER and PR were present in the SMC of DEI in each location excepting colonic endometriosis where ER were absent. Independently of cycle's phases the PR were more abundant than ER. With the exception of rectovaginal endometriosis, where the ER and PR were more abundant in the proliferative than in the secretory phase, in other locations the ER and PR did not differ significantly with cycle's phases. Last, if ER and PR were more abundant in SMC around endometriotic foci than at a distance from them. However, the difference was not significant. CONCLUSIONS: Our data substantially confirm for the first time that in various forms of DIE, ER and PR are present not only in glands and stroma but also in the smooth muscle major histologic component of this disease.

Recurrence of mitotically active cellular fibroma of the ovary.

Background. 10% of ovarian fibromatous tumours typically exhibit increased cellularity, mitotic activity, and less frequently nuclear atypia. Therefore, the classification within the group of fibromatous tumours may represent some difficulties, thus, one or several of these features should appear. Case. We introduce the clinical and pathologic features based on one case of recurrence of a mitotically active cellular ovarian fibroma (MACF) in the pararectal fossa. This recurrence took place six years after primary surgery. Macroscopically, the tumour was firm, fibrous, well delimited, yellow-white without gross necrosis. On microscopic examination, it was composed of a densely cellular proliferation of fibrolastic-like cells with bland nuclear features and arranged in a fascicular pattern. There was no sign of significant atypia or necrosis. Conclusion. Recently, this case is the first report of a recurrence of MACF, following primary surgery with no tumoral rupture or surgical difficulty. The clinical outcome of ovarian cellular fibromas (CFs) and MACFs is typically uneventful. This case, however, strongly suggests maintaining a long-term clinical follow-up even though the principal tumour was surgically treated without tumour rupture or in the absence of adherence or any surgical difficulty.