Novel method for determining when a field-collected donor unit is sufficiently full.

BACKGROUND: Whole blood (WB) collections can occur downrange for immediate administration. An important aspect of these collections is determining when the unit is sufficiently full. This project tested a novel method for determining when a field collection is complete. METHODS: The amount of empty space at the top of WB units, destined to become LTOWB or separated into components, that were collected at blood centers or hospitals was measured by holding a WB unit off the ground and placing the top of a piece of string where the donor tubing entered the bag. The string was marked where it intersected the top of the column of blood in the bag and measured from the top. The WB units were also weighed. RESULTS: A total of 15 different bags, two of which were measured in two different filling volumes, from 15 hospitals or blood centers were measured and weighed. The most commonly used blood bag, Terumo Imuflex SP, had a median string length of 9 mm (range: 2-24 mm) and weighed a median of 565.1 g (range: 524.8-636.7 g). CONCLUSION: Pieces of string can be precut to the appropriate length depending on the type of bag before a mission where field WB collections might be required and a mark placed on the bag before the collection commences to indicate when the unit is full.

Cytokines, chemokines, and cells growth factors in patients with mild to moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection: A case-control study.

Several biomarkers have been evaluated as predictors of severity or in directing the treatment of COVID-19, however there are no conclusive results. In this study, we evaluated serum levels of cytokines, chemokines, and cell growth factors in association with the pathobiology of mild to moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection. Serum levels of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients (n = 113) and flu symptoms individuals negative for SARS-CoV-2 (n = 58), tested by the RT-qPCR test-nasal swab were compared to healthy controls (n = 53). Results showed that the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1ß, MCP-3, TNF-α, and G-CSF were increased in symptomatic patients and the cytokines IL-6 and IL-10 were associated with patients positive for SARS-CoV-2 when compared to healthy controls. Symptoms associated with COVID-19 were fever, anosmia, ageusia, and myalgia. For patients without SARS-CoV-2 infection, their major symptom was sore throat. The pathobiology of mild to moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with increasing proinflammatory cytokines and a pleiotropic IL-6 and anti-inflammatory IL-10 cytokines compared to healthy controls. Thus, knowledge about the pathophysiology and the involvement of biomarkers in the mild to moderate profile of the disease should be evaluated. Monitoring these biomarkers in patients with mild to moderate disease can help establish adequate treatment and prevention strategies for long-term COVID-19.

The use of social media as a tool for patient blood management and transfusion medicine education.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Transfusion is one of the most performed medical procedures. Wrong indications are common and are probably related to the scarcity of transfusion teaching during medical education. The development of a new way to improve transfusion education is paramount. Social media has the potential to reach larger audiences for rapid communication of medical content. The use of social media for transfusion education in Brazil has not been published. The aim of this article is to describe a new tool to improve transfusion learning. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Evidence-based cards were created. Initially, these cards were sent by WhatsApp. Later, Instagram and Facebook pages were created. EducaSangue, as this e-learning project was called, is a tool for the spreading of transfusion knowledge that permits the exchange of experiences. RESULTS: By April 2021, Facebook and Instagram pages had 8300 and 5100 followers, respectively. Cards about single red blood cell (RBC) unit, alternatives to transfusion, transfusion reactions and pre-transfusion tests were published. Doctors and other health professionals follow EducaSangue. RBC transfusions reduced in Ceara and single-unit RBC increased by 28%, although not statistically significant. In Brazil, the minority of medical schools have transfusion as a discipline. The scarcity of transfusion education is related to the poorer care of the patient. Technological innovation has been used for educational changes and is an alternative to formal education. CONCLUSION: Social media is an interesting tool to provide quality to medical services, since they can reach a broader public, especially where personal contact is difficult.

Prospective evaluation of immune haemolysis in liver transplantation.

BACKGROUND: Immune haemolysis in liver transplant (LT) can occur due to autoantibodies and alloantibodies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors for immune haemolysis in LT. METHODS: A total of 175 consecutive patients were included. Multiorgan recipients were excluded. Samples, from before LT, seven consecutive days and weekly for 4 weeks, were evaluated for haemolysis and immunohaematological tests. SPSS 24 was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Nine patients (5·1%) presented positive antibody screen (AS) before LT, (2·3% clinically significant), more frequent in RhD-negative (P = 0·017). Positive DAT occurred in 53 (30·3%) and was related to high MELD score (P = 0·048), HCV (P = 0·005) and furosemide use (P = 0·001). Positive AS after LT occurred in 22 patients (12·5%), with nine (5·7%) clinically significant antibodies. Positive AS occurred more frequently in RhD negative (P = 0·021) and in those transfused (P = 0·022). Post-transplant positive DAT was associated with piperacillin-tazobactam use (P = 0·021) and minor ABO incompatibility (P = 0·0038). Five patients presented passenger lymphocyte syndrome (PLS), all received liver-graft O, four presented haemolysis, and three were transfused due to PLS. CONCLUSION: Auto- and alloantibodies against red blood cell antigens are frequent in LT, but the frequency of immune haemolysis was only 2·8%. The only risk factor for PLS was minor ABO mismatch.

Assessment of the need for routine intraoperative cell salvage in liver transplantation.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to assess the necessity of routine intraoperative cell salvage in liver transplantations. METHODS: A total of 327 liver transplants performed between 2014 and 2016 was included in the analysis. Patient data, including pre-transplant examinations, intraoperative red blood cell transfusions, and procedural information, were collected. RESULTS: The median age of the patients was 54 years old, with 67% (219) being male. The most prevalent ABO blood type was O, accounting for 48% (155) of cases. The leading causes of liver disease were hepatitis C (113 cases, 34.6%) and alcohol-related liver disease (97 cases, 29.7%). Out of the 327 liver transplants, allogeneic red blood cell transfusions were administered in 110 cases (34%) with a median of two units of red blood cells per case. Cell salvage was employed in 237 transplants (73%), and successful blood recovery was achieved in 221 cases (93%). Among the group that recovered more than 200 mL of blood, the median volume of recovered blood was 417 mL, with no transfusion of allogeneic blood required. A total of 90 transplants was performed without utilizing cell salvage, and, among these cases, 19 required blood transfusions, with a median of zero units transfused. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that routine cell salvage is unnecessary for all liver transplantations. The most suitable indication for its use is in patients presenting with portal vein thrombosis and abnormal creatinine levels.

Predicting SARS-CoV-2 Variant Spread in a Completely Seropositive Population Using Semi-Quantitative Antibody Measurements in Blood Donors.

SARS-CoV-2 serologic surveys estimate the proportion of the population with antibodies against historical variants, which nears 100% in many settings. New approaches are required to fully exploit serosurvey data. Using a SARS-CoV-2 anti-Spike (S) protein chemiluminescent microparticle assay, we attained a semi-quantitative measurement of population IgG titers in serial cross-sectional monthly samples of blood donations across seven Brazilian state capitals (March 2021−November 2021). Using an ecological analysis, we assessed the contributions of prior attack rate and vaccination to antibody titer. We compared anti-S titer across the seven cities during the growth phase of the Delta variant and used this to predict the resulting age-standardized incidence of severe COVID-19 cases. We tested ~780 samples per month, per location. Seroprevalence rose to >95% across all seven capitals by November 2021. Driven by vaccination, mean antibody titer increased 16-fold over the study, with the greatest increases occurring in cities with the highest prior attack rates. Mean anti-S IgG was strongly correlated (adjusted R2 = 0.89) with the number of severe cases caused by Delta. Semi-quantitative anti-S antibody titers are informative about prior exposure and vaccination coverage and may also indicate the potential impact of future SARS-CoV-2 variants.

SARS-CoV-2 antibody dynamics in blood donors and COVID-19 epidemiology in eight Brazilian state capitals: A serial cross-sectional study.

Background: The COVID-19 situation in Brazil is complex due to large differences in the shape and size of regional epidemics. Understanding these patterns is crucial to understand future outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2 or other respiratory pathogens in the country. Methods: We tested 97,950 blood donation samples for IgG antibodies from March 2020 to March 2021 in 8 of Brazil's most populous cities. Residential postal codes were used to obtain representative samples. Weekly age- and sex-specific seroprevalence were estimated by correcting the crude seroprevalence by test sensitivity, specificity, and antibody waning. Results: The inferred attack rate of SARS-CoV-2 in December 2020, before the Gamma variant of concern (VOC) was dominant, ranged from 19.3% (95% credible interval [CrI] 17.5-21.2%) in Curitiba to 75.0% (95% CrI 70.8-80.3%) in Manaus. Seroprevalence was consistently smaller in women and donors older than 55 years. The age-specific infection fatality rate (IFR) differed between cities and consistently increased with age. The infection hospitalisation rate increased significantly during the Gamma-dominated second wave in Manaus, suggesting increased morbidity of the Gamma VOC compared to previous variants circulating in Manaus. The higher disease penetrance associated with the health system's collapse increased the overall IFR by a minimum factor of 2.91 (95% CrI 2.43-3.53). Conclusions: These results highlight the utility of blood donor serosurveillance to track epidemic maturity and demonstrate demographic and spatial heterogeneity in SARS-CoV-2 spread. Funding: This work was supported by Itaú Unibanco 'Todos pela Saude' program; FAPESP (grants 18/14389-0, 2019/21585-0); Wellcome Trust and Royal Society Sir Henry Dale Fellowship 204311/Z/16/Z; the Gates Foundation (INV- 034540 and INV-034652); REDS-IV-P (grant HHSN268201100007I); the UK Medical Research Council (MR/S0195/1, MR/V038109/1); CAPES; CNPq (304714/2018-6); Fundação Faculdade de Medicina; Programa Inova Fiocruz-CE/Funcap - Edital 01/2020 Number: FIO-0167-00065.01.00/20 SPU N°06531047/2020; JBS - Fazer o bem faz bem.

Intraoperative blood salvage in proximal femur epiphysiolysis surgical treatment with hip controlled dislocation technique: a case series study.

OBJECTIVES: To report a case series of Intraoperative Blood Salvage (IOS) in surgeries during the treatment for Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE) with controlled dislocation of the hip, identifying its efficacy, complications, and the profile of patients with SCFE. METHODS: Descriptive study reporting a case series, comprising patients seen between January 2016 and March 2018, diagnosed with SCFE, and treated with controlled surgical dislocation of the hip using IOS. RESULTS: Sample comprised of 15 patients, with a mean age of 13.1 years. The most affected side was the left with 8 cases. None of the patients required allogeneic blood in the postoperative period. Mean pre- and postoperative hemoglobin were 13.2 and 11.2 g.dL-1, respectively, and mean hemoglobin difference was 1.8 g.dL-1. Mean pre- and postoperative hematocrit were 39.13% and 33.20%, respectively, and mean hematocrit difference was 5.52%. No intraoperative complications were observed. One patient presented vomiting and another one, wound infection in the postoperative period. CONCLUSION: IOS was an alternative blood salvage approach and prevented allogeneic blood transfusion, enabling reduction of potential complications.

Subjective donor deferral as a tool for increased blood transfusion safety: A cross-sectional observational study.

OBJECTIVES: This study aims at evaluating whether subjective donor deferral (SDD) has the potential for increasing blood transfusion safety. BACKGROUND: Appropriate donor selection via clinical and serologic screening is necessary to prevent transfusion-transmissible infections (TTIs). One additional strategy adopted by some Brazilian blood transfusion centers (BTCs) is the rejection of a donation by the pre-donation interviewer based on subjective factors. METHODS/MATERIALS: We conducted a STROBE-guided cross-sectional study including 105 005 prospective donors who presented to our BTC between 1 January 2013, and 31 December 2015. Donors were evaluated for age, gender, education level, donation type and history, confidential unit exclusion, SDD, and results of serologic screening for TTIs. RESULTS: Even after controlling for potential confounding variables, subjectively deferred donors were more likely to have at least one reactive serology in the standard screening (OR: 2.80; 95% CI: 2.13-3.69; P < .001). They also had a higher risk for testing positive for syphilis (OR: 4.47; 95% CI: 3.05-6.55; P < .001), hepatitis B (OR: 5.69; 95% CI: 2.48-13.08; P < .001), and HIV (OR: 6.14; 95% CI: 3.22-11.69; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Routine implementation of SDD in donor selection may be an effective additional measure to avoid TTIs, highlighting the importance of interviewer experience, perspicacity, and face-to-face contact with donors for blood safety assurance.

Assessment of the need for routine intraoperative cell salvage in liver transplantation

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the necessity of routine intraoperative cell salvage in liver transplantations. Methods: A total of 327 liver transplants performed between 2014 and 2016 was included in the analysis. Patient data, including pre-transplant examinations, intraoperative red blood cell transfusions, and procedural information, were collected. Results: The median age of the patients was 54 years old, with 67% (219) being male. The most prevalent ABO blood type was O, accounting for 48% (155) of cases. The leading causes of liver disease were hepatitis C (113 cases, 34.6%) and alcohol-related liver disease (97 cases, 29.7%). Out of the 327 liver transplants, allogeneic red blood cell transfusions were administered in 110 cases (34%) with a median of two units of red blood cells per case. Cell salvage was employed in 237 transplants (73%), and successful blood recovery was achieved in 221 cases (93%). Among the group that recovered more than 200 mL of blood, the median volume of recovered blood was 417 mL, with no transfusion of allogeneic blood required. A total of 90 transplants was performed without utilizing cell salvage, and, among these cases, 19 required blood transfusions, with a median of zero units transfused. Conclusions: This study suggests that routine cell salvage is unnecessary for all liver transplantations. The most suitable indication for its use is in patients presenting with portal vein thrombosis and abnormal creatinine levels.

Protocolo de transfusão maciça: experiência no atendimento ao trauma / Massive transfusion protocol: experience in trauma care

Introdução: O trauma é uma das principais causas de morte no mundo e a hemorragia é responsável por 30% a 40% da mortalidade relacionada ao trauma. O estabelecimento de um protocolo de transfusão maciça (PTM) oferece oportunidade de medidas preventivas de controle de danos ao doente com choque hemorrágico grave. Objetivo: analisar dados epidemiológicos dos pacientes submetidos ao PTM em instituição de referência em trauma. Métodos: estudo quantitativo, envolvendo pacientes submetidos ao PTM no período de janeiro a dezembro de 2018. Dados sanguíneos, identificação do paciente, local do trauma, tipo de acidente, informações clínicas e desfecho foram obtidos por meio de revisão de prontuários e informações coletadas no núcleo transfusional do hospital. A análise estatística foi feita com o programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) versão 23. Resultados: 306 pacientes foram avaliados, houve predominância do sexo masculino e idade de 18 a 30 anos. 55,9% dos pacientes eram procedentes de Fortaleza. O grupo sanguíneo predominante foi O, a maioria fator Rh positivo. O tórax foi o local mais comum de trauma. A maioria dos casos foi relacionada a trauma penetrante, sendo 53,6% por armas de fogo e 8,5% por armas brancas. As medianas do Escore ABC, de concentrado de hemácias e de plasma fresco usados foram de 2. 29,7% tiveram óbito em 24 horas e apenas o local do trauma - abdome - revelou-se como fator protetor para esse desfecho. Conclusão: observou-se a inexistência de associações significativas entre as variáveis do protocolo e o desfecho clínico de óbito.

Introduction: Trauma is one of the main causes of death in the world and hemorrhage is responsible for 30% to 40% of trauma-related mortality. The establishment of a massive transfusion protocol (TMP) offers the opportunity for preventive measures to control damage to the patient with severe hemorrhagic shock. Objective: to analyze epidemiological data of patients submitted to the MTP in a trauma reference institution. Methods: this is a study retrospective with a quantitative approach, involving patients undergoing MTM from January to December 2018. Blood data, patient identification, trauma site, accident type, clinical information and outcome were obtained through review of medical records and information collected at the hospital transfusion center. Statistical analysis was performed with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23. Results: 306 patients were evaluated, there was a predominance of males and ages from 18 to 30 years. 55.9% of the patients were from Fortaleza. The predominant blood group was O, being the majority with Rh positive factor. The thorax was the most common site of trauma. Most cases were related to penetrating trauma, being 53.6% for firearms and 8.5% for white weapons. Median ABC score, concentration of red blood cells and fresh plasma used were 2. 29.7% were dead in 24 hours and only the trauma site - abdomen - was revealed as a protective factor for this outcome. Conclusion: it was observed, after completing the study, the inexistence of significant associations between the protocol variables and the clinical death outcome.

Successful hematopoietic stem cell mobilization with vinorelbine and filgrastim in germ cell tumor.

Germ cell tumor (GCT) is the most frequent cancer in young men and is highly curable. Almost 80 % of patients with the disease in an advanced stage achieve a reliable response to cisplatin combination chemotherapy. For relapsing or refractory disease, autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is an effective therapy. The two most used mobilization strategies for HSC collection are filgrastim alone or filgrastim after chemotherapy (chemomobilization). HSC collection with filgrastim mobilization can be difficult, especially in highly treated patients. While the addition of chemotherapy improves mobilization and reduces the number of apheresis sessions, it can increase morbidity rate as well. We describe a case of a 45-year-old male with classical seminoma who was submitted to orchiectomy. Two months after, he presented progression of the tumor. He received four cycles of cisplatin, etoposide and bleomycin, with residual retroperitoneal mass and cervical lymphadenopathy. Further, he was submitted to three more cycles of cisplatin, ifosfamide and paclitaxel. Thereupon, he showed partial response. At that moment, autologous HSC transplantation was considered. In the first mobilization, filgrastim alone was used without success in harvesting. The second mobilization consisted of vinorelbine at day 1 (35 mg/m2) and filgrastim (16 µg/kg) started at day 5. The peak of CD34+ cells in peripheral blood was 32.6 × 106 cells/L on day 8, with 4.73 × 106 cells/kg CD34+ collected on days 8 and 9. The benefits of this scheme include: (a) outpatient administration, (b) fewer doses of filgrastim, (c) minimal risk of febrile neutropenia and (d) reliable prediction of collection day. For these reasons, we conclude that vinorelbine chemomobilization is a great option for GCT, particularly in patients with high risk of mobilization failure. Furthermore, it requires less resource usage, hospitalizations and transfusions than conventional chemomobilization.

Presence of new mutations in the TP53 gene in patients with low-risk myelodysplastic syndrome: two case reports.

BACKGROUND: Myelodysplastic syndromes are heterogeneous disorders. Patients with myelodysplastic syndrome disease often have ineffective hematopoiesis, cytopenias, blood cell dysplasia in one or more cell types, and are at high risk for developing acute myeloid leukemia. In myelodysplastic syndrome, mutations of TP53 gene are usually associated with complex karyotype and confer a worse prognosis. In the present study, two mutations in this gene are presented and discussed with the clinical evolution of the patients. CASE PRESENTATION: The first case is a 77-year-old Brazilian woman diagnosed as having multiple lineage dysplasia myelodysplastic syndrome according to World Health Organization 2016 and classified as very low-risk by Revised International Prognostic Scoring. The second case is an 80-year-old Brazilian man also diagnosed as having multiple lineage dysplasia myelodysplastic syndrome and classified as low risk. The mutation described in the first case was already identified in some neoplasias and it is associated with a poor prognosis, but it had never been reported before in myelodysplastic syndrome. The second mutation has never been described. CONCLUSIONS: This is a novel report for the scientific community and may be very helpful as we can better understand the disease and the impact of mutations through the follow-up of these patients and others in the future. Both patients are in a good clinical condition, suggesting that these mutations may not alter the clinical course of the disease or may be associated with a good prognosis, but their role in the disease must be investigated more deeply in a larger population.

Implantação da técnica de recuperação intraoperatória de sangue em serviço público de atendimento ao trauma / Implementation of intraoperative blood recovery technique in public trauma care service / Implementación de la técnica de recuperación de sangre intraoperatoria en el servicio público de atención traumatológica

Objetivo: relatar a vivência de uma equipe interdisciplinar na implantação da técnica de Recuperação Intraoperatória de Sangue em um serviço público de atendimento ao trauma. Método: estudo descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência, desenvolvido no Instituto Dr. José Frota, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil. Resultados: a técnica foi implantada no segundo semestre de 2015 no hospital de trauma, e a vivência permitiu listar as atividades da implantação da técnica, como a disponibilização do equipamento, materiais e profissional capacitado; aulas e palestras direcionadas ao corpo clínico e residentes de anestesiologia; identificação de cirurgias com benefício potencial; abordagem direta da enfermagem aos cirurgiões no centro cirúrgico; divulgação sistemática da disponibilidade do método e dos resultados obtidos no hospital, com o apoio da chefia cirúrgica; criação de estratégia de comunicação na interface entre enfermeiros, cirurgiões e anestesistas; e ampliação da equipe de enfermeiros para o atendimento 24 horas. Conclusão: a implantação da técnica de Recuperação Intraoperatória de Sangue no hospital de trauma permitiu identificar critérios para sua utilização e disponibilizar a estratégia de conservação de sangue para todos os procedimentos com benefício potencial, ampliando o uso de forma sistemática. (AU)

Objective: To report the experience of an interdisciplinary team in the implementation of the Intraoperative Blood Recovery technique in a public trauma care service. Methods: Descriptive study, of the experience report type, developed at Instituto Dr. José Frota, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. Results: The technique was implemented in the second half of 2015 at the trauma hospital, and the experience allowed listing the activities of the technique's implementation, such as the availability of equipment, materials and trained professionals; classes and lectures aimed at clinical staff and anesthesiology residents; identification of surgeries with potential benefit; direct nursing approach to surgeons in the operating room; systematic dissemination of the availability of the method and the results obtained in the hospital, with the support of the surgical leadership; creation of a communication strategy at the interface between nurses, surgeons and anesthetists; and expansion of the team of nurses to provide 24-hour care. Conclusion: The implementation of the Intraoperative Blood Recovery technique in the trauma hospital allowed identifying criteria for its use and making this blood conservation strategy available for all procedures with potential benefit, expanding its use in a systematic way. (AU)

Objetivo: Reportar la experiencia de un equipo interdisciplinario en la implementación de la técnica de Recuperación Sanguínea Intraoperatoria en un servicio público de atención traumatológica. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, del tipo informe de experiencia, desarrollado en el Instituto Dr. José Frota, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil. Resultados: La técnica fue implementada en el segundo semestre de 2015 en el hospital de trauma, y la experiencia permitió enumerar las actividades de implementación de la técnica, como la disponibilidad de equipos, materiales y profesionales capacitados; clases y conferencias dirigidas al personal clínico y residentes de anestesiología; identificación de cirugías con beneficio potencial; abordaje directo de enfermería a los cirujanos en el quirófano; difusión sistemática de la disponibilidad del método y los resultados obtenidos en el hospital, con el apoyo del liderazgo quirúrgico; creación de una estrategia de comunicación en la interfaz entre enfermeras, cirujanos y anestesistas; y ampliación del equipo de enfermeras para brindar atención las 24 horas. Conclusión: A implantação da técnica de RIOS no hospital de trauma permitiu identificar criterios para su utilización y disponibilidad es una estrategia de conservación de sangue para todos los procedimientos con beneficio potencial, ampliando o uso de forma sistemática. (AU)

Influence of intraoperative blood salvage on surgery for scoliosis / Influência da recuperação intraoperatória de sangue em cirurgias para escoliose / Influencia de la recuperación intraoperatoria de la sangre en cirugía para la escoliosis

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of intraoperative blood salvage (IBS) in reducing allogeneic transfusion in patients undergoing surgery for scoliosis. Methods: Retrospective case-control study with 69 patients who underwent surgical treatment for scoliosis correction from August 2008 to December 2014 in a teaching hospital. We used the IBS in 43 patients and it was not used in 26. The groups were compared according to the medical records, and the data were processed on SPSS 20.0. For the associations between the variable IBS and non-IBS and the independent variables we applied the χ 2 and the likelihood ratio tests, and the strength of which was calculated by their 95% CI. The means were compared by Student's t and Mann-Whitney tests. The confidence level was 0.05. Results: There were no significant differences between groups with the variables age, sex, preoperative weight, postoperative blood drainage and surgical time. There was a significant reduction of intraoperative allogeneic transfusion in the IBS group submitted to posterior arthrodesis compared with the control group, with no difference in the transfusion of red blood cells between the two groups postoperatively. In the 24 patients who underwent combined arthrodesis, there was no significant difference in allogeneic transfusion in the intra- and postoperative periods between the groups. Conclusion: The system proved to be effective in reducing allogeneic transfusion during surgery in patients undergoing posterior arthrodesis for scoliosis, but it was not effective in reducing allogeneic transfusion in the intra- and postoperative periods of those undergoing combined arthrodesis.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia da recuperação intraoperatória de sangue (RIOS) na redução da transfusão alogênica em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia para escoliose. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo de caso-controle, com 69 pacientes submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico corretivo para escoliose, de agosto de 2008 a dezembro de 2014, em hospital-escola. Utilizou-se a RIOS em 43 pacientes e não foi usada em 26. Os grupos foram comparados conforme os prontuários, e os dados foram processados no SPSS 20.0. Nas associações entre a variável RIOS e não-RIOS e as variáveis independentes aplicaram-se os testes do χ2 e de razão de verossimilhança, sendo a força dessas calculada pelo seu IC de 95%. As médias foram comparadas pelos testes t de Student e de Mann-Whitney. O nível de confiança foi 0,05. Resultados: Não houve diferenças significativas entre os grupos com as variáveis idade, sexo, peso pré-operatório, drenagem sanguínea pós-operatória e tempo cirúrgico. Evidenciou-se redução significativa da transfusão alogênica intraoperatória no grupo RIOS submetido à artrodese posterior em comparação com o grupo-controle, sem diferença na transfusão de concentrado de hemácias entre os dois grupos no pós-operatório. Nos 24 pacientes submetidos à artrodese combinada, não houve diferença significativa na transfusão alogênica no intra e no pós-operatório entre os grupos. Conclusão: O sistema revelou-se eficaz em reduzir a transfusão alogênica no intraoperatório de pacientes submetidos à artrodese posterior para escoliose, mas não foi eficaz em reduzir a transfusão alogênica no intra e no pós-operatório daqueles submetidos à artrodese por via combinada.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar la eficacia de la recuperación de sangre intraoperatoria (RSI) en la reducción de la transfusión alogénica en pacientes sometidos a cirugía para la escoliosis. Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo de casos y controles, con 69 pacientes sometidos a cirugía correctora de la escoliosis, entre agosto de 2008 y diciembre de 2014 en un hospital universitario. Se utilizó la RSI en 43 pacientes y no se utilizó en 26. Los grupos se compararon según los datos de los registros médicos y los datos fueron procesados en el programa SPSS 20.0. En las asociaciones entre la variable RSI y no-RSI y las variables independientes se aplicaron las pruebas de χ2 y la razón de verosimilitud, siendo la fuerza de éstas calculada por su IC de 95%. Los promedios se compararon mediante la pruebas de la t de Student y de Mann-Whitney. El nivel de confianza fue de 0,05. Resultados: No se observaron diferencias significativas entre los grupos en las variables edad, sexo, peso preoperatorio, drenaje de sangre postoperatoria y tiempo quirúrgico. Se mostró una reducción significativa de la transfusión alogénica durante la cirugía en el grupo RSI sometido a la artrodesis posterior en comparación con el grupo de control, sin diferencia en la transfusión de células rojas de la sangre entre los dos grupos después de la operación. En los 24 pacientes que se sometieron a la artrodesis combinada, no hubo diferencia significativa en la transfusión alogénica en el intra y postoperatorio entre los grupos. Conclusión: El sistema ha demostrado su eficacia en la reducción de la transfusión alogénica durante la cirugía en pacientes sometidos a artrodesis posterior para la escoliosis, pero no fue efectivo en la reducción de la transfusión alogénica en el intra y postoperatorio en los que se sometieron a la artrodesis por vía combinada.