RESUMEN
To prevent the pandemic spread of human-to-human transmitted diseases such as COVID-19, governments commonly resort to countrywide or regional lockdown strategies. Such lockdowns, whenever and wherever implemented, curtail the movement of persons and vehicles, and drastically alter traffic conditions. This study focuses on the effect of drastic and sudden changes in the traffic conditions, during the COVID-19 lockdown in the State of Maharashtra in India, in March-June 2020, on the numbers of motor vehicle accidents (MVAs), and the resultant fatalities and injuries. Content analysis of police-reported first information reports (FIRs) of MVAs is performed, and these lockdown trends are compared with archival data from corresponding previous (normal) periods. The statistical analysis shows that, during the lockdown, while the total number of MVAs fall drastically, they are more severe and have a much higher fatality rate per MVA. Also, the pattern of vehicles involved in MVAs, and resultant pattern of fatalities, also changes during lockdowns. The paper explores the reasons for these changed patterns and provides suggestions to reduce these negative externalities of pandemic related lockdowns.
RESUMEN
This article contains firm-level data on 1) aggregated corporate governance score, and 2) financial data for the period 2010-2017. The study includes 626 companies from 6 Asian countries: China, India, Indonesia, Japan, South Korea and Thailand. Aggregated corporate governance score is calculated using 13 firm-level attributes: board size, board independence, CEO duality, board meeting attendance, independence of audit committee, auditor ratification, independence of compensation committee, independence of nomination committee, shareholder-approved poison pill, dual class unequal voting rights of common shares, staged board, diversity of board and board duration. Finally, six firm-level financial data are included.