Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 25
Filtrar
1.
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol ; 262(5): 1465-1474, 2024 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38117309

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: To evaluate anatomical changes in the low-stage partial attachment-type idiopathic epiretinal membrane (iERM) over 2 years. METHODS: Data from patients with low-stage partial attachment-type iERM (stage 2) were analyzed. The main outcome measures were anatomical changes, including changes in the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, vessel density (VD) in the vascular plexus, and thickness of retinal sublayers during the follow-up period. RESULTS: Thirty patients (mean age: 68±12 years) were included in the study. The FAZ area on the superficial vascular plexus (SVP) significantly decreased from baseline (0.12±0.08 mm2) to month 24 (0.10±0.08 mm2, p=0.024). However, the FAZ area on the deep vascular plexus (DVP) did not significantly decrease from baseline (0.15±0.13 mm2) to month 24 (0.14±0.14 mm2, p=0.099). VDs on both the SVP and DVP did not show significant change from baseline (29.51±8.14% vs. 28.35±5.63%) to month 24 (29.79±9.77%, p=0.564 vs. 28.17±5.75%, p=0.417). Parafoveal ganglion cell and inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thickness decreased from baseline (108.77±13.61 µm) to month 24 (103.03±15.54 µm, p=0.004). The central total retinal layer thickness did not significantly change from baseline (396.07±64.86 µm) to month 24 (392.04±72.72 µm, p=0.570). CONCLUSION: Even in low-stage ERM, inner retinal changes, including GCIPL thickness, occurred during follow-up periods, which might be owing to degenerative changes or centrifugal movement.


Asunto(s)
Membrana Epirretinal , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Membrana Epirretinal/diagnóstico , Angiografía con Fluoresceína/métodos , Vasos Retinianos , Fóvea Central/irrigación sanguínea , Estudios de Seguimiento , Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica/métodos , Estudios Retrospectivos
2.
Retina ; 44(6): 1083-1091, 2024 Jun 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38308567

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: To investigate the imaging and clinical features of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) with pulsation. METHODS: The PCV eyes were classified into pulsatile and nonpulsatile PCV groups according to the pulsation on indocyanine green angiography. Imaging features including the dye filling time of the polyp and clinical features were compared. RESULTS: A total of 75 eyes were classified into the pulsatile PCV (30 eyes) and the nonpulsatile PCV (45 eyes) groups. The initial filling time and complete filling time of the polyp of the pulsatile PCV group (2.59 ± 0.93 and 8.33 ± 3.42 seconds) were shorter than those of the nonpulsatile PCV group (4.11 ± 1.87 and 10.63 ± 3.81 seconds, P < 0.001 and P = 0.010, respectively). The pigment epithelial detachment height of the pulsatile PCV group (414.90 ± 377.15 µ m) was greater than that of the nonpulsatile PCV group (247.81 ± 164.07 µ m, P = 0.030). The pulsatile PCV group showed a higher prevalence of subretinal hemorrhage (43.33%) after intravitreal injection than the nonpulsatile PCV group (13.95%, P = 0.005) during 12 months. The mean number of injections during 12 months of the pulsatile PCV group (5.48 ± 1.46) was greater than that of the nonpulsatile PCV group (4.09 ± 1.21, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Eyes with pulsatile PCV showed shorter filling time of the polyp, greater pigment epithelial detachment height, higher prevalence of subretinal hemorrhage, and more intravitreal injection numbers during 12 months. These might suggest that PCV has distinct imaging and clinical features according to the polyp pulsation.


Asunto(s)
Coroides , Angiografía con Fluoresceína , Pólipos , Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica , Humanos , Femenino , Angiografía con Fluoresceína/métodos , Masculino , Anciano , Pólipos/diagnóstico , Pólipos/fisiopatología , Coroides/irrigación sanguínea , Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica/métodos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Agudeza Visual/fisiología , Fondo de Ojo , Verde de Indocianina/administración & dosificación , Colorantes/administración & dosificación , Enfermedades de la Coroides/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de la Coroides/fisiopatología , Neovascularización Coroidal/diagnóstico , Neovascularización Coroidal/fisiopatología , Neovascularización Coroidal/tratamiento farmacológico , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Inyecciones Intravítreas , Vasculopatía Coroidea Polipoidea
3.
J Craniofac Surg ; 35(1): e32-e34, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37702519

RESUMEN

Polyglactin 910 (Vicryl) and polypropylene (Prolene) are common suture materials used in ophthalmic surgical procedures. However, there are limited studies assessing tissue reactions to different sutures in eyelid areas. In this study, these suture materials were used subcutaneously in 10 lateral canthi of 5 pigs. Clinical reactive score (CRS) was assessed 14 days and 60 days after surgery. On histology, subcutaneous tissue reactions were assessed by the presence of different inflammatory cells, and the aggregate tissue irritation score was calculated. CRS and the histology score did not differ between these sutures. None of the suture materials used were superior for use in the lateral canthi of pig eyes. Therefore, we recommend both of these sutures for use in the subcutaneous tissue of the eyelid area in animal experiments or clinical practice.


Asunto(s)
Aparato Lagrimal , Proyectos de Investigación , Porcinos , Animales , Suturas , Poliglactina 910 , Párpados/cirugía , Técnicas de Sutura
4.
Retina ; 42(3): 494-502, 2022 03 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34723899

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: To evaluate the morphologic features of macular neovascularization (MNV) trunks at different layers using optical coherence tomography angiography. METHODS: Type 1 MNV trunks in age-related macular degeneration were retrospectively evaluated at the subretinal pigment epithelium and sub-Bruch membrane (subBM) layers. The detectability and location of the trunks were compared. MNV trunks at the subBM layer on optical coherence tomography angiography B-scans were evaluated using a flow overlay. The correlations of the MNV trunk with optical coherence tomography angiography and optical coherence tomography parameters were evaluated. RESULTS: Among the 63 included eyes, 27 showed core vessels at the subretinal pigment epithelium layer and 52 showed MNV trunks at the subBM layer, which were connected with the MNV at the subretinal pigment epithelium layer. The locations of the MNV trunks in each layer were different. MNV trunk types at the subBM layer were related to disease duration, distance from the large choroidal vessels, and MNV vessel density. The large choroidal vessel diameter was correlated with the MNV trunk diameter at the subBM layer. CONCLUSION: Macular neovascularization trunks at the subBM layer were detected more frequently than distal MNV trunks at the subretinal pigment epithelium layer. Macular neovascularization trunk features at the subBM layer may be related to disease duration and a large choroidal vessel.


Asunto(s)
Neovascularización Coroidal/diagnóstico , Angiografía por Tomografía Computarizada , Neovascularización Retiniana/diagnóstico , Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica , Degeneración Macular Húmeda/diagnóstico , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Lámina Basal de la Coroides/patología , Coroides/irrigación sanguínea , Neovascularización Coroidal/fisiopatología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Neovascularización Retiniana/fisiopatología , Epitelio Pigmentado de la Retina/patología , Vasos Retinianos/patología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Degeneración Macular Húmeda/fisiopatología
5.
J Craniofac Surg ; 33(4): e427-e429, 2022 Jun 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36041098

RESUMEN

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to investigate the distribution of blowout fracture sites among age groups and compare clinical factors that can affect the fracture site. The authors reviewed 330 cases of blowout fracture surgeries and included 226 eyes of 226 patients aged between 20 and 29 years and between 50 and 59 years who underwent blowout fracture reconstruction between January 2017 and December 2020, in the Department of Ophthalmology at Korea University Hospital.Medical records including patient demography, trauma etiology, and preoperative computed tomography image were evaluated. Ethmoidal cell septa and fracture site position were compared between the 2 age groups. The causes of injury were categorized into 3 groups: focal trauma, gross trauma, and other causes. Orbital floor fracture was the most common type (40.00%) in the young group, followed by medial wall fracture (25.33%). in contrast, medial wall fracture accounted for the largest proportion (42.11%) in the older group, and orbital floor fracture accounted for only 26.67%. The major cause of blowout fracture in young patients was focal trauma, whereas gross trauma was the most common cause in the older group. The number of ethmoidal cells was 4.19 ±â€Š0.831 (2-6) in the young group and 3.91 ±â€Š1.022 (2-6) in the old group (P  < 0.05). Distribution of blowout fracture site differed between age groups, and these differences can be explained by cause of injury and number of ethmoidal cells.


Asunto(s)
Fracturas Múltiples , Fracturas Orbitales , Adulto , Anciano , Pueblo Asiatico , Ojo , Huesos Faciales , Humanos , Fracturas Orbitales/diagnóstico por imagen , Fracturas Orbitales/epidemiología , Fracturas Orbitales/etiología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Adulto Joven
6.
J Craniofac Surg ; 33(4): 1190-1192, 2022 Jun 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36041113

RESUMEN

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of blowout fractures caused by baseball trauma. The authors reviewed 337 cases of blowout fracture surgeries and included 330 eyes of 330 patients who underwent blowout fracture reconstruction between January 2017 and December 2020, in the Department of Ophthalmology at Korea university Hospital.Medical records including patient demography, trauma etiology, accompanied ocular disease, and preoperative computed tomography images were evaluated. Patients were categorized into 2 groups: a group with blowout fracture caused by baseball trauma and another group with trauma due to other causes. Two-wall blowout fracture (orbital floor fracture and medial wall fracture) was most common (63.16%) in the baseball group, followed by medial wall fracture (21.05%). In contrast, orbital floor fracture accounted for the largest proportion (42.11%) among other causes, and 2-wall blowout fracture accounted for the second largest proportion (31.83%). The most common accompanied ocular disease was traumatic hyphema and traumatic iridocyclitis (36.84%) in the baseball blowout fracture group. in contrast, subconjunctival hemorrhage was the most common ocular disease in the other-causes group (16.08%). The frequency of traumatic hyphema and irido-cyclitis was significantly different among the 2 groups (P  < 0.05). Distribution of blowout fracture sites and frequent ocular disease differed between baseball blowout fracture patients and other-cause blowout fracture patients.


Asunto(s)
Béisbol , Lesiones Oculares , Fracturas Orbitales , Huesos Faciales , Humanos , Hipema , Fracturas Orbitales/diagnóstico por imagen , Fracturas Orbitales/epidemiología , Fracturas Orbitales/etiología , Estudios Retrospectivos
7.
Retina ; 37(3): 568-577, 2017 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27429375

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of photobleaching on fundus autofluorescence (FAF) images in acute central serous chorioretinopathy. METHODS: We obtained prephotobleaching and postphotobleaching images using an Optomap 200Tx, and photobleaching was induced with a Heidelberg Retina Angiograph 2. Degrees of photobleaching were assessed as grayscale values in Optomap images. Concordances among the three kinds of images were analyzed. Hyper-AF lesions in prephotobleaching images were classified as Type 1 (changed to normal-AF after photobleaching) and Type 2 (unchanged after photobleaching). The FAF composite patterns of central serous chorioretinopathy lesions were classified as diffuse or mottled. Initial and final best-corrected visual acuity, central retinal thickness, and disease duration were compared according to fovea FAF type. RESULTS: Forty-one eyes of 41 patients were analyzed. The lesion brightness of postphotobleaching Optomap FAF showed greater concordance with Heidelberg Retina Angiograph 2 FAF (94.74%) than the prephotobleaching Optomap FAF (80.49%). Eyes with Type 1 fovea had greater initial and final best-corrected visual acuity (20/23 vs. 20/41, 20/21 vs. 20/32, P < 0.0001, P = 0.001, respectively) and shorter disease duration (19.68 ± 12.98 vs. 51.55 ± 44.98 days, P = 0.043) than those with Type 2 fovea. However, eyes with diffuse Type 2 fovea had only lower initial and final best-corrected visual acuity (20/23 vs. 20/45, 20/21 vs. 20/36, P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001, respectively) than those with Type 1 fovea. CONCLUSION: Understanding the photobleaching effect is necessary for the accurate interpretation of FAF images. Furthermore, comparing prephotobleaching and postphotobleaching FAF images may be helpful for estimation of lesion status in central serous chorioretinopathy.


Asunto(s)
Coriorretinopatía Serosa Central/diagnóstico por imagen , Imagen Óptica , Retina/patología , Pigmentos Retinianos/efectos de la radiación , Enfermedad Aguda , Adulto , Coriorretinopatía Serosa Central/fisiopatología , Femenino , Angiografía con Fluoresceína , Fondo de Ojo , Humanos , Luz , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Fotobiología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica , Agudeza Visual/fisiología
8.
BMC Ophthalmol ; 16: 25, 2016 Mar 08.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26951107

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to investigate peripapillary choroidal thickness (CT) in eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and to assess whether peripapillary CT is affected by intravitreal injection of ranibizumab (IVR) in eyes with neovascular AMD. METHODS: Peripapillary and subfoveal CT were measured in spectral domain optical coherence tomography images from 39 eyes of neovascular AMD patients and 39 eyes of age-matched controls retrospectively. The patients were treated with 0.5 mg IVR monthly for 3 months and retreated as needed. Peripapillary CT at baseline, 3 months and 6 months was measured at four locations (superior, nasal, inferior and temporal areas). RESULTS: The mean peripapillary and subfoveal baseline CTs of the eyes with neovascular AMD (153.3 ± 45.3 µm and 228.6 ± 78.6 µm) were not different from those of the controls (149.0 ± 42.3 µm and 221.4 ± 54.1 µm; P = 0.665 and P = 0.639, respectively). Subfoveal CT decreased at 3 months (213.8 ± 75.8 µm, P < 0.001) and 6 months (215.1 ± 72.8 µm, P = 0.002) following IVR treatment. Mean peripapillary CT did not show significant changes at 3 months (149.6 ± 43.8 µm, P = 0.156) or 6 months (150.0 ± 43.4 µm, P = 0.187). Subanalysis revealed that only temporal peripapillary CT decreased from baseline (167.1 ± 54.5 µm) to 3 months (159.4 ± 50.8 µm, P = 0.010) and was sustained at 6 months (160.6 ± 49.6, P = 0.026). However, superior, nasal and inferior peripapillary CT did not show significant changes after IVR. CONCLUSIONS: Changes in peripapillary CT after IVR were limited to the macular area. This result may suggest that IVR does not affect CT outside of the macula in the eyes of patients with neovascular AMD.


Asunto(s)
Inhibidores de la Angiogénesis/uso terapéutico , Coroides/patología , Ranibizumab/uso terapéutico , Degeneración Macular Húmeda/tratamiento farmacológico , Anciano , Femenino , Angiografía con Fluoresceína , Humanos , Inyecciones Intravítreas , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Tamaño de los Órganos , Refracción Ocular/fisiología , Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/antagonistas & inhibidores , Agudeza Visual/fisiología , Degeneración Macular Húmeda/fisiopatología
9.
J Craniofac Surg ; 26(8): e752-5, 2015 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26594997

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: To evaluate the type and cause of orbital blowout fractures in Korea. DESIGN: Retrospective, observational case series. METHODS: Patients who underwent reconstruction for blowout fracture from March 2004 to April 2013 at Korea University Guro and Ansan Hospitals were included in this study. Patient demographics and orbital computed tomography (CT) scans were reviewed. On CT, ethmoid air cell septa, blowout fracture type, and other combined fractures were analyzed. Blowout fracture was classified as affecting up to 4 areas: the floor lateral to the infraorbital canal, the floor medial to the canal, the maxilla-ethmoidal strut ("inferomedial" strut), and the medial wall. Furthermore, trauma type and associated injury were reviewed. The results of adolescent patients and adult patients were compared, as were those of males and females. RESULTS: The study included 659 eyes of 659 patients; mean patient age was 31.01 ±â€Š14.27 years. In total, 513 (77.85%) patients were male and 146 (22.15%) were female. The most common blowout fracture type was medial wall fracture, followed by floor wall, floor and medial wall without inferomedial strut, and floor and medial wall fracture with inferomedial strut, in that order. Interestingly, patients with floor wall blowout fracture were younger (26.87 ±â€Š12.90 y) than other groups: medial wall fracture (32.35 ±â€Š14.64 y, P < 0.0001), floor and medial wall fracture (35.22 ±â€Š14.49 y, P < 0.0001), and floor and medial wall fracture involving the maxillaethmoidal strut (32.62 ±â€Š13.75 y, P = 0.002). The number of ethmoidal air cell septa was lowest in the medial wall fracture group (3.62 ±â€Š0.67): floor wall fracture (4.07 ±â€Š0.69, P < 0.0001), floor and medial wall fracture (3.90 ±â€Š0.78, P < 0.0001), and floor and medial wall fracture involving the maxilla-ethmoidal strut (4.05 ±â€Š0.72, P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrated that the blowout fracture type distribution in Korea varied from the results of many other studies. Medial wall fracture is the most common among the 4 types, and anatomic variance, such as number of ethmoid air cell septa, could influence blowout fracture type, especially in medial wall fracture.


Asunto(s)
Fracturas Orbitales/epidemiología , Accidentes por Caídas/estadística & datos numéricos , Adolescente , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Conjuntiva/lesiones , Hueso Etmoides/diagnóstico por imagen , Hemorragia del Ojo/epidemiología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Maxilar/diagnóstico por imagen , Persona de Mediana Edad , Órbita/diagnóstico por imagen , Fracturas Orbitales/clasificación , República de Corea/epidemiología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores Sexuales , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X/estadística & datos numéricos , Violencia/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto Joven
10.
J Craniofac Surg ; 25(4): e338-9, 2014 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25006937

RESUMEN

Primary paranasal sinus lymphoma is an uncommon malignancy that accounts for only 0.17% of all lymphomas and is often difficult to diagnose. Initially, tumors in this area cause very few symptoms and are at an advanced stage at the time of diagnosis. Ophthalmologic signs and symptoms occur early in the disease process because of close proximity of the orbit to the paranasal sinuses. We report on a case of primary malignant lymphoma of the sphenoid and ethmoid sinuses with involvement of the cavernous sinus, initially presenting with ophthalmologic signs and symptoms in association with cavernous sinus syndrome.


Asunto(s)
Seno Cavernoso/patología , Senos Etmoidales/patología , Linfoma de Células B Grandes Difuso/patología , Linfoma de Células B Grandes Difuso/terapia , Oftalmoplejía/etiología , Neoplasias de los Senos Paranasales/patología , Seno Esfenoidal/patología , Anciano , Terapia Combinada , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Humanos , Masculino , Invasividad Neoplásica , Oftalmoplejía/patología , Oftalmoplejía/terapia , Neoplasias de los Senos Paranasales/terapia , Síndrome
11.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) ; 14: 1322326, 2023.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38260144

RESUMEN

Background: Obesity is known to increase the risk and severity of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Increased inflamed metabolic activity of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is considered as a crucial underlying mechanism for the harmful effects of obesity. In this study, we aimed to investigate the inflamed metabolic activity of VAT with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and their association with AMD. Materials and methods: A total of 57 elderly participants (aged ≥ 50 years) who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT for health screening and subsequent fundoscopic exam for complaint of recently impaired vision were enrolled. The metabolic activity of VAT was measured from the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of VAT. The early AMD participant was defined as the participant with either eye satisfying AMD and without any sign of advanced AMD (neovascular AMD or geographic atrophy). The late AMD participant was defined as the participant with either eye satisfying advanced AMD. Results: VAT SUVmax was highest in participants with late AMD, intermediate in early AMD, and lowest in non-AMD participants. The levels of systemic inflammation surrogate markers were also highest in late AMD group. Furthermore, VAT SUVmax was positively correlated with systemic inflammation surrogate markers and independently associated with the late AMD. Conclusions: The metabolic activity of VAT evaluated by 18F-FDG PET/CT was associated with the severity of AMD and synchronized with the level of systemic inflammation. Thus, VAT SUVmax could be potentially employed as a surrogate marker of obesity-driven VAT inflammation associated with AMD.


Asunto(s)
Fluorodesoxiglucosa F18 , Degeneración Macular Húmeda , Anciano , Humanos , Tomografía Computarizada por Tomografía de Emisión de Positrones , Inhibidores de la Angiogénesis , Grasa Intraabdominal/diagnóstico por imagen , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular , Agudeza Visual , Inflamación , Obesidad/complicaciones , Obesidad/diagnóstico por imagen , Biomarcadores
12.
Bioengineering (Basel) ; 10(10)2023 Sep 27.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37892865

RESUMEN

This study aims to investigate the efficacy of electrical stimulation by comparing network-mediated RGC responses in normal and degenerate retinas using a N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU)-induced non-human primate (NHPs) retinitis pigmentosa (RP) model. Adult cynomolgus monkeys were used for normal and outer retinal degeneration (RD) induced by MNU. The network-mediated RGC responses were recorded from the peripheral retina mounted on an 8 × 8 multielectrode array (MEA). The amplitude and duration of biphasic current pulses were modulated from 1 to 50 µA and 500 to 4000 µs, respectively. The threshold charge density for eliciting a network-mediated RGC response was higher in the RD monkeys than in the normal monkeys (1.47 ± 0.13 mC/cm2 vs. 1.06 ± 0.09 mC/cm2, p < 0.05) at a 500 µs pulse duration. The monkeys required a higher charge density than rodents among the RD models (monkeys; 1.47 ± 0.13 mC/cm2, mouse; 1.04 ± 0.09 mC/cm2, and rat; 1.16 ± 0.16 mC/cm2, p < 0.01). Increasing the pulse amplitude and pulse duration elicited more RGC spikes in the normal primate retinas. However, only pulse amplitude variation elicited more RGC spikes in degenerate primate retinas. Therefore, the pulse strategy for primate RD retinas should be optimized, eventually contributing to retinal prosthetics. Given that RD NHP RGCs are not sensitive to pulse duration, using shorter pulses may potentially be a more charge-effective approach for retinal prosthetics.

13.
J Neural Eng ; 20(1)2023 01 20.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36603218

RESUMEN

Objective:The main objective of this study was to induce and evaluate drug-dose-dependent outer retinal degeneration in cynomolgus monkeys by application of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU).Approach:Intravitreal temporary tamponade induced outer retinal degeneration with MNU solutions (2-3 mg ml-1) after vitrectomy in five cynomolgus monkeys. Optical coherence tomography (OCT), fundus autofluorescence (FAF), full-field electroretinography (ffERG), and visual evoked potentials (VEP) were performed at baseline and weeks 2, 6, and 12 postoperatively. At week 12, OCT angiography, histology, and immunohistochemistry were performed.Main results:Outer retinal degeneration was observed in four monkeys, especially in the peripheral retina. Anatomical and functional changes occurred at week 2 and persisted until week 12. FAF images showed hypoautofluorescence dots, similar to AF patterns seen in human retinitis pigmentosa. Hyperautofluorescent lesions in the pericentral area were also observed, which corresponded to the loss of the ellipsoid zone on OCT images. OCT revealed thinning of the outer retinal layer adding to the loss of the ellipsoid zone outside the vascular arcade. Histological findings confirmed that the abovementioned changes resulted from a gradual loss of photoreceptors from the perifovea to the peripheral retina. In contrast, the inner retina, including ganglion cell layers, was preserved. Functionally, a decrease or extinction of scotopic ffERGs was observed, which indicated rod-dominant loss. Nevertheless, VEPs were relatively preserved.Significance:Therefore, we can conclude that temporary exposure to intravitreal MNU tamponade after vitrectomy induces rod-dominant outer retinal degeneration in cynomolgus monkeys, especially in the peripheral retina.


Asunto(s)
Degeneración Retiniana , Animales , Macaca fascicularis , Metilnitrosourea/efectos adversos , Potenciales Evocados Visuales , Retina/patología , Primates , Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica/métodos
14.
Front Cell Neurosci ; 16: 889663, 2022.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35602554

RESUMEN

Retinal prostheses have shown some clinical success in patients with retinitis pigmentosa and age-related macular degeneration. However, even after the implantation of a retinal prosthesis, the patient's visual acuity is at best less than 20/420. Reduced visual acuity may be explained by a decrease in the signal-to-noise ratio due to the spontaneous hyperactivity of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) found in degenerate retinas. Unfortunately, abnormal retinal rewiring, commonly observed in degenerate retinas, has rarely been considered for the development of retinal prostheses. The purpose of this study was to investigate the aberrant retinal network response to electrical stimulation in terms of the spatial distribution of the electrically evoked RGC population. An 8 × 8 multielectrode array was used to measure the spiking activity of the RGC population. RGC spikes were recorded in wild-type [C57BL/6J; P56 (postnatal day 56)], rd1 (P56), rd10 (P14 and P56) mice, and macaque [wild-type and drug-induced retinal degeneration (RD) model] retinas. First, we performed a spike correlation analysis between RGCs to determine RGC connectivity. No correlation was observed between RGCs in the control group, including wild-type mice, rd10 P14 mice, and wild-type macaque retinas. In contrast, for the RD group, including rd1, rd10 P56, and RD macaque retinas, RGCs, up to approximately 400-600 µm apart, were significantly correlated. Moreover, to investigate the RGC population response to electrical stimulation, the number of electrically evoked RGC spikes was measured as a function of the distance between the stimulation and recording electrodes. With an increase in the interelectrode distance, the number of electrically evoked RGC spikes decreased exponentially in the control group. In contrast, electrically evoked RGC spikes were observed throughout the retina in the RD group, regardless of the inter-electrode distance. Taken together, in the degenerate retina, a more strongly coupled retinal network resulted in the widespread distribution of electrically evoked RGC spikes. This finding could explain the low-resolution vision in prosthesis-implanted patients.

15.
J Clin Med ; 11(12)2022 Jun 09.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35743388

RESUMEN

A single-center retrospective observational case series was conducted. This case series enrolled patients who showed ophthalmic manifestations within one week after COVID-19 vaccination at Korea University Guro Hospital in Seoul, Korea, from May 2021 to January 2022. The medical records of patients who complained of ocular symptoms and showed ophthalmic adverse events within one week after COVID-19 vaccination were reviewed. Seventeen eyes from 16 patients with a mean age of 63.8 (range 33-83) years were included in the case series, and all symptoms developed within 1-7 days following inoculation. Retinal vein occlusion in nine eyes (52.9%), retinal artery occlusion in one eye (5.9%), newly developed anterior uveitis in one eye (5.9%), exacerbation of previously diagnosed panuveitis in two eyes (11.8%), and angle-closure attack with high intraocular pressure in four eyes (23.5%) were included. Twelve patients (75%) had been vaccinated with the AstraZeneca (AZD1222) and four (25%) with the Pfizer (BNT162b2) vaccines. Of these, 10 patients (62.5%) experienced ocular disease exacerbation after the first dose, 4 (25%) after the second dose, and 2 (12.5%) after the third dose (booster shot). Eleven patients (64.7%) underwent tests for hematological abnormalities, and three of them tested positive for anti-PF4 antibodies, but no abnormal findings were noted. A causal relationship between vaccination and the ocular manifestations could not be determined, which is a limitation of this study. However, clinicians should consider the effect of COVID-19 vaccination on ophthalmic disease. Further studies are required to elucidate the possible effects of COVID-19 vaccination on the eye.

16.
Front Neurosci ; 16: 1010445, 2022.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36248640

RESUMEN

The retinal structural changes after subretinal implantation of three-dimensional (3D) microelectrodes were investigated in a mini pig. Three types of electrode were implanted into the subretinal spaces of nine mini pigs: 75-µm-high 3D electrodes on a 200-µm-thick right-angled polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate (group 1); a 140-µm-thick sloped PDMS substrate without electrodes (group 2); and a 140-µm-thick sloped PDMS substrate with 20-µm-high 3D electrodes (group 3). One mini pig was used as a control. Spectral domain-optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) images were obtained at baseline and 2, 6, and 12 weeks post-surgery. Retinal specimens were immunostained using a tissue-clearing method 3 months post-implantation. The 75-µm-high 3D electrodes progressively penetrated the inner nuclear layer (INL) and touched the inner plexiform layer (IPL) 2 weeks post-surgery. At 6 weeks post-operatively, the electrodes were in contact with the nerve-fiber layer, accompanied by a severe fibrous reaction. In the other groups, the implants remained in place without subretinal migration. Immunostaining showed that retinal ganglion and bipolar cells were preserved without fibrosis over the retinal implants in groups 2 and 3 during the 12-week implantation period. In summary, SD-OCT and immunohistology results showed differences in the extent of reactions, such as fibrosis over the implants and penetration of the electrodes into the inner retinal layer depending on different types of electrodes. A sloped substrate performed better than a right-angled substrate in terms of retinal preservation over the implanted electrodes. The 20-µm-high electrodes showed better structural compatibility than the 75-µm-high 3D electrodes. There was no significant difference between the results of sloped implants without electrodes and 20-µm-high 3D electrodes, indicating that the latter had no adverse effects on retinal tissue.

17.
Transl Vis Sci Technol ; 10(12): 3, 2021 10 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34605876

RESUMEN

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to present normative data of optical coherence tomography (OCT), electrophysiological, and ocular biometry parameters and their correlation in minipigs. Methods: Eighty-eight eyes of 44 minipigs underwent full-field electroretinogram (ERG) recording and ocular biometry. However, 10 eyes of 6 minipigs were excluded because of poor OCT image quality. The thickness of the retinal sublayers was measured on a vertical line at 5 locations with a 1 mm interval from the disc margin to the dorsal periphery and at 10 locations on the visual streak. Visual evoked potentials (VEPs) were measured in 15 eyes of 8 minipigs. Results: All minipigs were female with a mean age and axial length of 13.83 ± 10.56 months and 20.33 ± 0.88 mm, respectively. The implicit time of the a-wave and b-wave in scotopic 3.0 ERGs was longer than that in photopic 3.0 ERG. The implicit time of the n2-wave and p2-wave in VEP was 25.67 ± 7.41 ms and 52.96 ± 10.38 ms, respectively. The total retinal layer (TRL) and nerve fiber layer (NFL) became thinner near the periphery. The inner retinal sublayers near the visual streak were thicker than those at other locations. Central TRL and NFL thickness on visual streak was 223.06 ± 23.19 µm and 74.03 ± 13.93 µm, respectively. The temporal TRL and NFL on the visual streak were thicker than those on the nasal side. Conclusions: The normative electrophysiological and OCT parameters used in our study can be used as reference data in further pig studies. Translational Relevance: This study presents normative data of minipigs, which are adequate animal models for preclinical studies.


Asunto(s)
Electrorretinografía , Potenciales Evocados Visuales , Animales , Femenino , Humanos , Fibras Nerviosas , Retina/diagnóstico por imagen , Porcinos , Porcinos Enanos
18.
Sci Rep ; 11(1): 258, 2021 01 08.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33420119

RESUMEN

We aimed to develop an outer retinal degeneration pig model induced by temporary intravitreal loading of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) during vitrectomy. In a preliminary experiment involving 5 mini-pig cases to determine the appropriate concentration of MNU, the vitreous cavity of each eye was filled with 4, 8, 10, 12, or 16 mg/mL MNU for 10 min, which was then replaced with a balanced salt solution. Multimodal examinations including spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) images and full-field electroretinography (ffERG) were obtained at baseline and week 2, week 6, and week 12. The retinal degeneration was classified according to the amplitudes of a dark adaptive (DA) 10.0 a-wave amplitude. The degree of moderate retinal degeneration was defined as DA 10.0 a-wave amplitude ≥ 10% and < 60% of baseline amplitude. The degree of severe degeneration was defined as DA 10.0 a-wave amplitude < 10% of baseline amplitude, noise, or flat signal. Hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemistry were performed at week 12. The main experiments were conducted first with 10 cases of 5 mg/mL and later with 13 cases of 10 mg/mL. In the preliminary experiment, degree of outer retinal degeneration increased with MNU concentration. Use of 4, 8, 10, 12, and 16 mg/mL MNU showed no, moderate, severe, severe, and atrophic changes, respectively. In the main experiments, there were 9 cases of moderate retinal degeneration and 1 case of severe degeneration in 5 mg/mL MNU group. Two cases of moderate degeneration and 11 of severe degeneration were recorded in 10 mg/mL group. Mean thickness of total retina, inner nuclear layer, and outer nuclear layer decreased at week 2 in both groups. The mean amplitudes on ffERG decreased at week 2. The ffERG and OCT findings did not change from week 2 to week 6 or week 12. The results of staining supported those of ffERG and OCT. Temporal MNU loading in a vitrectomized pig-eye model induced customized outer retinal degeneration with changing the concentration of MNU.


Asunto(s)
Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Metilnitrosourea/toxicidad , Degeneración Retiniana/inducido químicamente , Vitrectomía/métodos , Animales , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Electrorretinografía , Inyecciones Intravítreas , Degeneración Retiniana/diagnóstico por imagen , Degeneración Retiniana/patología , Porcinos , Porcinos Enanos , Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica
19.
Transl Vis Sci Technol ; 10(13): 14, 2021 11 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34757392

RESUMEN

Purpose: To present normative data of optical coherence tomography (OCT) parameters, electrophysiological tests, and optical biometry conducted for cynomolgus monkeys. Methods: Multimodal examinations were performed for 11 adult cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis, weighing 2.6-7.5 kg, aged 45-99 months). A-scan biometry was performed to measure ocular biometry. OCT images were obtained at 30° and 55°. After the pupils were fully dilated, electroretinogram (ERG) and visual evoked potentials (VEP) were recorded with a commercial system using a contact lens electrode. Results: All cynomolgus monkeys were males. The mean axial length was 17.92 ± 0.34 mm. The central total retinal layer (TRL) and subfoveal choroidal thicknesses were 286.27 ± 18.43 and 234.73 ± 53.93 µm, respectively. The TRL and nerve fiber layer thickness was greater in the nasal than in other quadrants in the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study circle in the macula. Peripheral TRL and ganglion cell complex thickness on the temporal outside the vascular arcades were lower than on the other sides. The peak latency of a-wave and b-wave in scotopic and photopic 3.0 ERG was 14.78 ± 1.00 and 32.89 ± 1.81 ms, and 12.91 ± 1.03 and 31.79 ± 2.16 ms, respectively. The n2 wave peak latency of VEP was 15.21 ± 8.07 ms. The a-wave peak latency of ERG and the n2 wave peak latency of VEP negatively correlated with age. Conclusions: The normative ocular biometric, electrophysiological test, and OCT parametric data of cynomolgus monkeys could serve as reference values for further preclinical studies. Translational Relevance: We present normative data of cynomolgus monkeys' eyes, an adequate animal model for preclinical studies.


Asunto(s)
Potenciales Evocados Visuales , Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica , Animales , Biometría , Electrofisiología , Macaca fascicularis , Masculino
20.
Sci Rep ; 11(1): 24135, 2021 12 17.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34921172

RESUMEN

Retinal prosthesis is regarded as the treatment for vision restoration in the blind with retinal degeneration (RD) due to the loss of photoreceptors. A strategy for retinal prosthesis is to electrically activate surviving neurons. The retina's response to electrical stimulation in a larger RD model has not been studied yet. Therefore, in this study, we investigated electrically evoked retinal responses in a previously validated N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU)-induced porcine RD model. Electrically evoked responses were evaluated based on the number of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) spikes via multichannel recordings. Stimulation pulses were applied to degenerative and wild-type retinas with pulse modulation. Compared to wild-type retinas, degenerative retinas showed higher threshold values of pulse amplitude and pulse duration. The rate of increase in the number of RGC spikes relative to stimulus intensity was lower in degenerative retinas than in normal retinas. In severely degenerated retinas, few RGCs showed electrically evoked spikes. Our results suggest that the degenerative porcine retina requires a higher charge than the normal porcine retina. In the early stage of RD, it is easier to induce RGC spikes through electrical stimulation using retinal prosthesis; however, when the degeneration is severe, there may be difficulty recovering patient vision.


Asunto(s)
Potenciales Evocados Visuales/efectos de los fármacos , Metilnitrosourea/toxicidad , Degeneración Retiniana , Células Ganglionares de la Retina/metabolismo , Animales , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Estimulación Eléctrica , Femenino , Degeneración Retiniana/inducido químicamente , Degeneración Retiniana/metabolismo , Degeneración Retiniana/fisiopatología , Porcinos , Porcinos Enanos
SELECCIÓN DE REFERENCIAS
DETALLE DE LA BÚSQUEDA