RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of sterile saline solution irrigation (lavage) performed after mandibular third molar extraction on postoperative complications, utilizing a split-mouth randomized clinical trial design. METHODS: Seventeen healthy participants requiring bilateral mandibular third molar extraction were enrolled in this single-center study. In each participant, one impacted third molar was designated as the experimental group and subjected to saline lavage at 4 °C. In contrast, the control group was the other impacted third molar, undergoing saline lavage at 25 °C. Various parameters, including postoperative pain, mouth opening, and facial swelling, were assessed using standardized measures and three-dimensional facial scanning at multiple time points. RESULTS: The average age of participants was 26.66 ± 4.1 years, with no postoperative complications observed in either group. The duration of surgery did not significantly differ between groups. Postoperative pain was significantly reduced in the experimental group during the immediate postoperative period compared with the control group, but this difference diminished over time. No significant differences were observed in mouth opening or facial swelling between groups at any time. CONCLUSION: In site 4 °C, sterile saline solution irrigation after mandibular third molar extraction may effectively reduce early postoperative complications, particularly pain, without prolonging surgical duration.
Asunto(s)
Tercer Molar , Dolor Postoperatorio , Solución Salina , Irrigación Terapéutica , Extracción Dental , Diente Impactado , Humanos , Tercer Molar/cirugía , Solución Salina/administración & dosificación , Irrigación Terapéutica/métodos , Adulto , Masculino , Dolor Postoperatorio/prevención & control , Femenino , Diente Impactado/cirugía , Mandíbula/cirugía , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/prevención & control , Edema/prevención & control , Edema/etiología , Dimensión del DolorRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: To systematically review existing scientific literature to determine, compare, and evaluate whether concentrated growth factors (CGF) or connective tissue grafts (CTG) is a better treatment alternative for patients with marginal tissue recession (MTR). METHODS: Electronic databases like PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar were screened from the last 20 years reporting treatment of MTR using CGF or CTG and other techniques. Periodontal parameters like probing depth, clinical attachment level, recession depth, recession width, keratinized tissue width, root coverage, increase in gingival thickness and plaque index, and gingival index were compared. Standardized mean difference was used as a summary statistic measure with a random effect model and P value <0.05 as statistically significant. RESULTS: Six studies fulfilled eligibility criteria and were included in qualitative synthesis, of which only 4 studies were suitable for meta-analysis. The pooled estimate through standardized mean difference signifies that CGF was superior to CTG in the reduction of probing depth, gingival index, and plaque index and gain in clinical attachment level while CTG was superior in reducing the recession depth and recession width. Both the procedures had an overall equal effect on keratinized tissue width and root coverage, but these differences were statistically insignificant (P>0.05). Publication bias through the funnel plot showed symmetric distribution without systematic heterogeneity. CONCLUSION: The present study suggests that treatment of MTR with CTG or CGF resulted in clinically favorable outcomes, but no statistically significant differences was observed between these 2 procedures regarding the outcome.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) risk correlates with C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, suggesting systemic inflammation is present well before AMI. Studying different types of periodontal disease (PD), extremely common in individuals at risk for AMI, has been one important research topic. According to recent research, AMI and PD interact via the systemic production of certain proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, small signal molecules, and enzymes that control the onset and development of both disorders' chronic inflammatory reactions. This study uses machine learning to identify the interactome hub biomarker genes in acute myocardial infarction and periodontitis. METHODS: GSE208194 and GSE222883 were chosen for our research after a thorough search using keywords related to the study's goal from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) datasets. DEGs were identified from the GEOR tool, and the hub gene was identified using Cytoscape-cytohubba. Using expression values, Random Forest, Adaptive Boosting, and Naive Bayes, widgets-generated transcriptomics data, were labelled, and divided into 80/20 training and testing data with cross-validation. ROC curve, confusion matrix, and AUC were determined. In addition, Functional Enrichment Analysis of Differentially Expressed Gene analysis was performed. RESULTS: Random Forest, AdaBoost, and Naive Bayes models with 99%, 100%, and 75% AUC, respectively. Compared to RF, AdaBoost, and NB classification models, AdaBoost had the highest AUC. Categorization algorithms may be better predictors than important biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS: Machine learning model predicts hub and non-hub genes from genomic datasets with periodontitis and acute myocardial infarction.
Asunto(s)
Aprendizaje Automático , Infarto del Miocardio , Periodontitis , Humanos , Infarto del Miocardio/genética , Infarto del Miocardio/metabolismo , Periodontitis/genética , Periodontitis/metabolismo , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Teorema de Bayes , Transcriptoma/genéticaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are a prevalent ailment with a global impact, affecting a substantial number of individuals. While some individuals are receiving treatment from orthodontists for TMD, a significant proportion of individuals obtain knowledge through websites. OBJECTIVES: Our purpose had been to evaluate, from a patient-oriented perspective, the readability of home pages of websites scored in the 10 most prominent devoted to TMD. We also determined what level of education would have been needed to get an overview of the information on the websites under scrutiny. This approach ensures that our findings are centred on the patient experience, providing insights into how accessible and understandable websites about TMD. METHODS: We determined the top 10 patient-focused English language websites by searching for 'temporomandibular disorders' in the 'no country redirect' plugin of the Google Chrome browser (www.google.com/ncr). The readability of the texts was assessed using the Gunning fog index (GFI), Coleman Liau index (CLI), Automated readability index (ARI) Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG), Flesch Kincald grade level (FKGL), Flesh reasing ease (FRE) (https://readabilityformulas.com). RESULTS: The mean Flesch reading ease index score was determined to be 48.67, accompanied by a standard deviation of 15.04 and these websites require an average of 13.49 years of formal education (GFI), with a standard deviation of 2.62, for ease of understanding. CONCLUSION: Our research indicates that a significant proportion of websites related to TMD can be defined as a level of complexity that exceeds the ability to read comprehension of the general population.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are musculoskeletal and neuromuscular conditions affecting the temporomandibular joint and associated structures. Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) has emerged as a potential intervention for TMDs, but its comparative effectiveness against standard treatments remains unclear. This systematic review aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy of CBT versus standard treatment interventions in managing TMDs. METHODS: A comprehensive search was conducted across multiple databases using MeSH keywords and Boolean operators. Inclusion criteria encompassed clinical trials comparing CBT/CBT in combination with standard treatment interventions or a control group in individuals with TMDs. The primary outcome measured was pain. Secondary outcomes such as disability, depression and jaw function were also looked into. Two reviewers independently assessed for the eligibility of the articles and conducted data extraction. Quality assessments were performed using RoB 2.0 for randomised clinical trials. RESULTS: The initial search identified 623 articles, of which a total of eight clinical studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the systematic review. Seven out of eight studies demonstrated improvements in outcomes related to TMD. Pain was significantly decreased in studies that showed a positive outcome. Jaw function, quality of life and psychological well-being were superior among individuals receiving CBT alone or in combination with conventional modalities, as well as hypnotic therapy coupled with CBT-based interventions. The quality of studies assessed showed all articles to be of good quality as per RoB-2 evaluation. CONCLUSION: This systematic review highlights the potential benefits of CBT in managing TMDs, suggesting its effectiveness in improving pain outcomes and enhancing overall well-being. The findings indicate that CBT may be a valuable adjunct or alternative to standard treatment interventions for individuals with TMDs. However, further research with larger sample sizes and standardised outcome measures is warranted to establish definitive conclusions regarding the comparative efficacy of CBT versus standard treatments in TMD management.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) has garnered increasing attention in recent years due to its potential association with cancer. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the prevalence of OSAS in cancer patients through a comprehensive analysis of existing literature. METHODS: This systematic review and meta-analysis, conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol, aimed to evaluate the prevalence of OSAS in cancer patients. A comprehensive search of electronic databases was performed to identify relevant studies published up to September 2021. Eligible studies reporting on the prevalence of OSAS in cancer patients, encompassing various study designs, were included in the analysis. Pooled estimates of the odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random effects model. Heterogeneity among the studies was assessed using the I2 statistic. RESULTS: Seventeen studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were subsequently included in the review. The prevalence of OSAS in cancer patients was estimated to have an overall OR of 0.80 (95% CI: 0.75-0.85). In comparison with non-cancer patients, cancer patients had a statistically significant greater risk of OSAS, as indicated by the total estimated RR for the prevalence of OSAS in cancer patients, which was 0.89 (95% CI: 0.86-0.92). Nonetheless, there was a significant amount of heterogeneity (I2 = 96%) among the studies. CONCLUSION: The overall data analysed in this review indicates that patients with cancer had far reduced likelihood of developing OSAS than individuals without cancer. However, the significant variation across the included studies highlights the need for additional investigation to fully clarify the complex association between OSAS and cancer incidence. These results emphasise how critical it is to identify OSAS as a possible comorbidity in cancer patients, one that should be taken into account for clinical management and ongoing research.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias , Apnea Obstructiva del Sueño , Humanos , Apnea Obstructiva del Sueño/epidemiología , Apnea Obstructiva del Sueño/complicaciones , Neoplasias/epidemiología , Neoplasias/complicaciones , Prevalencia , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) pose diagnostic challenges, and selecting appropriate imaging modalities is crucial for accurate assessment. This study aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy and efficacy of ultrasonography (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in identifying TMDs. METHODS: A comprehensive meta-analysis was conducted, including studies that compared US and MRI for TMJ disorder assessments. Fixed-effects models were utilized to calculate pooled odds ratios (ORs) and relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity was assessed using the chi-squared test and I2 statistic. Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to assess the methodological quality of the studies included. RESULTS: Six studies were included, involving a total of 281 participants. The meta-analysis demonstrated that MRI was statistically somewhat better than US in identifying TMJ disorders. The summary OR was 0.64 (95% CI: 0.46-0.90), and the summary RR was 0.80 (95% CI: 0.68-0.95). Heterogeneity among the studies was low (χ2 = 2.73, df = 5, p = .74; I2 = 0%). Demographic variables revealed variations in sample size, gender ratio and mean age across the studies. CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis provides evidence that MRI may be more effective than US in diagnosing TMDs. However, the study is limited by the small number of included studies and variations in demographic variables and study designs. Future research with larger samples and standardised protocols is essential to confirm and strengthen these findings. Understanding the diagnostic accuracy of MRI and US for TMJ disorders will aid clinicians in making informed decisions for effective TMJ disorder assessments and patient management.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a complex joint that facilitates mandibular movements during speech, chewing, and swallowing activities. The Axis I evaluation of the DC/TMD focuses on assessing physical diagnoses related to TMDs. It includes an assessment of pain and functional limitations, such as jaw opening range, joint sounds, and joint tenderness. The Axis II evaluation of the DC/TMD provides information on the patient's psychological status and quality of life. This Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis aimed to evaluate the accuracy of Temporomandibular Disorders diagnosis considered through the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorder (DC/TDM) axis II compared to the Axis I evaluations. METHODS: A search was made in PubMed, Web of Science and Lilacs for articles published from the inception until 20 January 2023. We applied the Population, Exposure, Comparator, and Outcomes (PECO) model [1] to assess document eligibility. Only studies that evaluated patients by DC/TMD Axis I and Axis II were considered. Review Manager version 5.2.8 (Cochrane Collaboration) was used for the pooled analysis. We measured the odds ratio (OR) between the two groups (Axis I and Axis II). RESULTS: Fifty-one articles were selected because of the search. Four papers were excluded before the screening: 2 pieces were not in English, and two were reviewed. The remaining 47 articles were selected for the title and abstract screening to evaluate whether they met the PECO criteria. Among these, four papers were established; the overall effect showed that there was no difference in TMD diagnosis between Axis I and Axis II (RR 1.17; 95% CI: 0.80- 1.71; Z:0.82; P = .41), suggesting that there is no difference between Axis I and Axis II. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, DC/TMD is an effective tool for the diagnosis of TMD. It improves the accuracy of TMD diagnosis, allows for the classification of subtypes, and assesses psychosocial factors that may impact the development or maintenance of TMD symptoms.
Asunto(s)
Dolor Facial , Trastornos de la Articulación Temporomandibular , Humanos , Dolor Facial/etiología , Calidad de Vida , Trastornos de la Articulación Temporomandibular/psicología , Articulación Temporomandibular , MandíbulaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Bruxism, a common oral parafunctional behavior characterized by the grinding or clenching of teeth, is a multifactorial condition with potentially detrimental effects on oral health and overall well-being. In recent years, there has been growing interest in understanding the relationship between bruxism and alcohol abuse, as both are prevalent issues that may share underlying factors and exacerbate each other. This systematic review, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, aims to evaluate the frequency of bruxism among individuals with alcohol abuse. METHODS: A comprehensive search of electronic databases, including PubMed, Lilacs, Scopus and Web of Science, will be conducted to identify relevant studies published up to the knowledge cutoff date in January 2023. The search strategy will include keywords related to bruxism, alcohol abuse, and their synonyms. Inclusion criteria will encompass original research studies, such as observational, cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control studies, as well as clinical trials, that examine the relationship between bruxism and alcohol abuse. Two independent reviewers will perform the study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment, with discrepancies resolved by consensus. RESULTS: The systematic review will present a summary of the identified studies, including the study design, characteristics of the study populations, and key findings related to the association between bruxism and alcohol abuse. The potential mechanisms underlying this relationship will also be explored. Subgroup analyses and the quality of evidence will be assessed. Finally, the implications of this association for clinical practice and further research will be discussed. CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review will contribute to a better understanding of the interplay between bruxism and alcohol abuse, shedding light on potential risk factors, mechanisms, and clinical implications. The findings may have significant implications for the prevention, management, and treatment of bruxism, particularly in individuals with a history of alcohol abuse.
Asunto(s)
Alcoholismo , Bruxismo del Sueño , Humanos , Alcoholismo/complicaciones , Alcoholismo/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Prevalencia , Factores de Riesgo , Bruxismo del Sueño/epidemiología , Bruxismo del Sueño/etiología , Revisiones Sistemáticas como AsuntoRESUMEN
Hemorrhage control is a crucial aspect of dental procedures, and achieving efficient hemostasis remains a key challenge. The advent of hemostatic dressings has revolutionized the field of dentistry by providing effective and convenient solutions for managing bleeding in vari-ous dental scenarios. This article aims to provide an overview of hemostatic dressings, their mechanisms of action, and their diverse applications in dentistry. We applied the following Pop-ulation, Exposure, Comparator, and Outcomes (PICO) model to assess the document eligibility. A literature search was performed on major search engines, using keywords. At the end of the search, 3 articles were selected that matched the PICO. Three items were selected after the screen-ing process, and bleeding times were analyzed between the control group and the study group. The overall effect showed a substantial and statistically significant difference with bleeding time in favour of HDD-treated patients, showing that this garrison is very useful in controlling bleed-ing for patients taking anticoagulants and antiplatelets (Mean difference - 5.61; C.I. -5.70, - 5.52); Overall, hemostatic dressings have revolutionized the management of bleeding in dentistry, offering a promising solution to achieve optimal hemostasis, improve treatment outcomes, and enhance patient care, particularly Hemcon.
Asunto(s)
Quitosano , Hemostáticos , Humanos , Hemostáticos/uso terapéutico , Quitosano/uso terapéutico , Anticoagulantes/uso terapéutico , Hemostasis , OdontologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: In dentistry, there is a growing preference for computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) systems over traditional laboratory procedures. However, there is not much literature comparing various CAD/CAM materials. Thus, this study aimed to assess and compare the color stability and hardness of gingival and tooth colored milled and 3D-printed acrylic resins. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four types of CAD/CAM materials were prepared: 3D-printed pink shade (PP), milled polymenthymethacrylate (PMMA) pink shade (MP), 3D-printed tooth shade (PT) and milled PMMA tooth shade (MT) (n = 6). For hardness, disc shaped samples of 15 mm × 2 mm and for color stability, bar shaped samples of 65mmx10mmx2.5 mm were prepared and polished. Vickers hardness test was performed in a microhardness tester. Color stability test was done by immersing in coffee solution and coca cola for 7 days. Day 0 and day 7 measurements were recorded using a digital spectrophotometer and the change in color was calculated. For statistical analysis, one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc tests were done. RESULTS: For color stability, milled PMMA was superior to 3D-printed resin samples. Milled pink and tooth shade samples had similar color stability, whereas 3D-printed tooth shade samples were more color stable as compared to pink shade 3D-printed samples. For hardness, milled tooth shade PMMA was the most superior one, followed by 3D-printed tooth shade, whereas pink shade milled PMMA and 3D-printed resin samples had similar hardness values and were inferior to the tooth shade CAD/CAM materials. CONCLUSION: Color stability of milled PMMA is superior to that of 3D-printed resins. Hardness of tooth shade milled and 3D-printed resins is more than that of pink shade milled and 3D-printed resins.
Asunto(s)
Polimetil Metacrilato , Proyectos de Investigación , Humanos , Encía , Diseño Asistido por Computadora , Materiales Dentales , Dentadura CompletaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to perform a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the scientific literature regarding the use of acupuncture and laser acupuncture in the treatment of pain associated with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). The aim of this article was to assess the clinical evidence for acupuncture and laser acupuncture therapies as treatment for temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This systematic review includes randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of acupuncture and laser acupuncture as a treatment for TMD compared to other treatments. Systematic searches were conducted in 3 electronic databases up to July 2023; PubMed, EMBASE, and SCOPUS databases. All RCTs of acupuncture for TMD were searched without language restrictions. Studies in which no clinical data and complex interventions were excluded. The Cochrane risk of bias tool (RoB 2) tool was employed to analyze randomized controlled trials. A Meta-analysis was performed in order to investigate a quantitative analysis comparing acupuncture and laser acupuncture to placebo. RESULTS: A total of 11 RCTs met our inclusion criteria. The findings show that acupuncture is short-term helpful for reducing the severity of TMD pain with muscle origin. Meta-analysis revealed that the Acupuncture group and Laser Acupuncture group had a higher efficacy rate than the Placebo control group, showing a high efficacy of Acupuncture and Laser Acupuncture group in the treatment of temporomandibular. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, our systematic review demonstrate that the evidence for acupuncture as a symptomatic treatment of TMD is limited. Further rigorous studies are, however, required to establish beyond doubt whether acupuncture has therapeutic value for this indication. However high efficacy of Laser Acupuncture in the treatment of temporomandibular disorders was reported.
Asunto(s)
Terapia por Acupuntura , Terapia por Láser , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como Asunto , Trastornos de la Articulación Temporomandibular , Humanos , Trastornos de la Articulación Temporomandibular/terapia , Terapia por Acupuntura/métodos , Terapia por Láser/métodos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: This study focuses on temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), which affect the temporomandibular joint and related muscles and have multiple causes. Recent studies have examined the connection between menstrual cycles, estrogen levels, and TMDs, but results are inconsistent, highlighting the need for more research. The aim is to explore the prevalence of TMDs in pregnant women and consider how hormonal changes during pregnancy might influence these disorders. METHODS: In this cross-sectional case-control study, we compared 32 pregnant women with 35 non-pregnant women. We evaluated several TMD-related factors such as pain levels, chronic pain classification, scores on the Jaw Functional Limitation Scale-20 and Oral Behaviors Checklist, and psychological health. We used various statistical methods including descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, linear regression, and adjustments for multiple comparisons to analyze the data. RESULTS: Pregnant women showed different pain perceptions, generally reporting less pain and lower severity. Nonetheless, these differences were not uniform across all TMD-related measures. Linear regression did not find a consistent link between pregnancy and TMD scores, except for chronic pain grade, which was not significant after adjusting for multiple comparisons. There was a significant relationship between depression and TMD severity, emphasizing the need to consider mental health in TMD evaluations. DISCUSSION: The findings suggest that pregnancy is neither a risk nor a protective factor for TMD. Differences in pain perception, functional status, and psychological health were observed in pregnant women but were not consistent for all TMD-related aspects. The role of estrogen in TMJ health and TMD risk is complex and requires further study. The research highlights the necessity of including mental health, especially depression, in TMD assessments. More comprehensive research with larger sample sizes is essential to better understand the connections between pregnancy, TMD, and hormones, aiming to improve TMD management in pregnant women and others.
Asunto(s)
Dolor Crónico , Trastornos de la Articulación Temporomandibular , Embarazo , Humanos , Femenino , Estudios Transversales , Dolor Facial , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Trastornos de la Articulación Temporomandibular/diagnóstico , Trastornos de la Articulación Temporomandibular/epidemiología , EstrógenosRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: The prevalence of adults with partially dental arches is expected to be more than imagined and patients requiring replacement of missing teeth are slowly increasing in number too. Removable partial dentures are known to provide for substantial replacement for the missing teeth with also added advantages when compared to fixed or implant prosthesis, mainly in elderly patients. Denture base material performance and durability are greatly influenced by wettability and water contact angle. In the case of dentures; adequate moisture distribution is necessary to ensure excellent wettability which has an influence on comfort and oral health. The purpose of conducting this study was to find out whether the advancements made using PEEK (Polyether ether ketone) would prove to be more beneficial than the current upgrades in the current material spectrum. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was performed under in vitro conditions. All the fabrication and processing was done only by one operator. The materials used were divided into three groups each comprising 20 samples. Group A was modified polymethylmethacrylate (Bredent Polyan), Group B was polyoxymethylene acetal resin (Biodentaplast) and Group C was PEEK. An Ossila Goniometer was used to measure the contact angle. The three types of liquids used for the testing included distilled water, natural saliva and mouth wetting solution (Wet Mouth Liquid, ICPA India). Human saliva was collected from an individual with no medical conditions and normal salivary secretion. RESULTS: The data was analyzed using One-way ANOVA test and a pairwise comparison using the Post Hoc Tukey's Honest Significant Difference. Table 1 consists of the mean water contact angles of the denture base materials and mean contact angles of various denture base materials. In saliva, mouth wetting solution and distilled water, the highest mean and least mean contact angle was seen in Polyan and Biodentaplast respectively. A signicant difference was seen between PEEK and Polyan and Biodentaplast and Polyan on further comparison. CONCLUSION: From the resources and the materials at our disposal, it could be concluded that Polyan, Biodentaplast and PEEK and could be used as viable options in cast partial denture framework.
Asunto(s)
Resinas Acrílicas , Benzofenonas , Polímeros , Polimetil Metacrilato , Bases para Dentadura , Dentadura Parcial , Cetonas , Ensayo de Materiales , Metacrilatos , Polietilenglicoles , Agua , HumectabilidadRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Since AI algorithms can analyze patient data, medical records, and imaging results to suggest treatment plans and predict outcomes, they have the potential to support pathologists and clinicians in the diagnosis and treatment of oral and maxillofacial pathologies, just like every other area of life in which it is being used. The goal of the current study was to examine all of the trends being investigated in the area of oral and maxillofacial pathology where AI has been possibly involved in helping practitioners. METHODS: We started by defining the important terms in our investigation's subject matter. Following that, relevant databases like PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched using keywords and synonyms for each concept, such as "machine learning," "diagnosis," "treatment planning," "image analysis," "predictive modelling," and "patient monitoring." For more papers and sources, Google Scholar was also used. RESULTS: The majority of the 9 studies that were chosen were on how AI can be utilized to diagnose malignant tumors of the oral cavity. AI was especially helpful in creating prediction models that aided pathologists and clinicians in foreseeing the development of oral and maxillofacial pathology in specific patients. Additionally, predictive models accurately identified patients who have a high risk of developing oral cancer as well as the likelihood of the disease returning after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: In the field of oral and maxillofacial pathology, AI has the potential to enhance diagnostic precision, personalize care, and ultimately improve patient outcomes. The development and application of AI in healthcare, however, necessitates careful consideration of ethical, legal, and regulatory challenges. Additionally, because AI is still a relatively new technology, caution must be taken when applying it to this industry.
Asunto(s)
Algoritmos , Inteligencia Artificial , Humanos , Procesamiento de Imagen Asistido por Computador , Registros Médicos , Boca/patología , Cara/patologíaRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Over the years, implant therapy has been a commonly used treatment option for individuals who are partially or totally edentulous, with a long-term success rate of over 90%. With significant advancements in biomaterials and technology, implant dentistry can now conduct prosthetic rehabilitations in the majority of patients catering to all types of needs. However, in order to meet the demands of a patient base that is always growing, new trends in implantology are emerging in recent years that are focused on minimally invasive surgery and financial sustainability. In certain clinical scenarios, connecting teeth and implants to support fixed partial prosthesis (FPPs) may be a predictable and workable course of treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 22 patients were selected for this study who had tooth and implant supported prosthesis placed as a final restoration. Out of these 22 patients; 12 were male and 10 were female patients. Implants were placed following proper protocol and if grafting procedures were required they were carried out. A second stage surgical procedure was carried out and delayed loading protocols were followed. The statistical analysis was done using the IBM SPSS 24.0, Chicago, USA. The survival of the implants and teeth were measured by the Kaplan Meier survival scale. Bone loss was assessed at baseline(upon loading), 12 months and 24 months. RESULTS: The implant survival rate was measured at 6 months, 12 months, 18 months and 24 months. At 24 months, one implant showed failure, so the survival rate of the implants were 95.4%. Bone loss of 1 mm was seen around one implant at 12 months. Bone loss of 1 and 2 mm was present around two implants and one implant respectively at 24 months. CONCLUSION: From the results of this study, we can conclude that tooth implant supported prosthesis show very good survival when used in rehabilitation cases.
Asunto(s)
Pérdida de Hueso Alveolar , Implantes Dentales , Carga Inmediata del Implante Dental , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Implantes Dentales/efectos adversos , Estudios de Seguimiento , Implantación Dental Endoósea/métodos , Implantación Dental , Prótesis Dental de Soporte Implantado , Fracaso de la Restauración Dental , Resultado del Tratamiento , Diseño de Prótesis Dental , Pérdida de Hueso Alveolar/etiologíaRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a multifaceted condition impacting the chewing system, with its frequency varying across different age groups and showing a higher incidence in women. The involvement of estrogen in TMD has been examined due to the presence of estrogen receptors in the TMJ area. However, the exact effect of estrogen on TMD is complex. During pregnancy, marked by significant hormonal fluctuations, the impact on TMD has been hypothesized but remains unclear due to inconsistent results from various studies. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, we enrolled 32 pregnant women consecutively. We gathered information on demographics, TMD evaluations (using the Graded Chronic Pain Scale, Jaw Functional Limitation Scale-20, and Oral Behaviors Checklist), and mental health assessments (including Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Patient Health Questionnaire-15, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7). We employed descriptive statistics to summarize continuous and categorical data and used t-tests and chi-square tests for comparisons. We also conducted multivariate linear regression, adjusted for demographic factors, to investigate correlations. RESULTS: The study group mainly consisted of women aged 30-35 (40.6%) and 25-30 (18.8%). Most participants had completed high school (50%) and were married (71.9%). A notable association was found between younger women (under 30) and higher levels of somatic symptoms (p = 0.008) and generalized anxiety (p = 0.015). Women in their second trimester showed lower severity of somatic symptoms (p = 0.04). A significant link was also observed between depression severity and somatic symptom severity (p = 0.01). However, we found no significant correlations with other TMD-related health aspects. DISCUSSION: Our study identified significant associations between psychosomatic and psychological symptoms with variables like age and pregnancy trimester in pregnant women. However, it notably failed to establish a clear relationship between pregnancy-related factors and the severity of temporomandibular disorders (TMD). More comprehensive studies with larger participant pools are necessary to further validate and expand these findings.
Asunto(s)
Síntomas sin Explicación Médica , Trastornos de la Articulación Temporomandibular , Embarazo , Humanos , Femenino , Estudios Transversales , Dolor Facial/diagnóstico , Trastornos de la Articulación Temporomandibular/diagnóstico , EstrógenosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: One of the most imprortant factors in achieving ideal teeth positions is the precision of the slot dimensions of orthodontic brackets into the archwires are inserted.This study aimed to assess the accuracy of the dimensions of orthodontic bracket slots and molar buccal tube apertures and to compare them with the specifications provided by the manufacturers. METHOD: A total of sixty brackets and ten molar buccal tubes with varying slot heights were examined using a scanning electron microscope from the mesial side. The dimensions and morphology of these bracket slots and buccal tubes apertures were assessed using the AutoCAD Software. A one-sample t-test was conducted to compare the measurements with the values provided by the manufacturer. RESULTS: The findings of the present study indicated that the height of the measured bracket slots and buccal tube apertures dimensions were significantly larger than the actual dimensions and exhibiting divergent walls. On the other hand, the depth of the brackets slots showed significantly smaller values than the actual one. CONCLUSION: A need for careful consideration when selecting a commercially accessible brand for everyday use is essential as certain materials may not meet acceptable standards.
Asunto(s)
Diseño de Aparato Ortodóncico , Soportes Ortodóncicos , Humanos , Microscopía Electrónica de Rastreo , Alambres para Ortodoncia , Ensayo de Materiales , Acero Inoxidable , Torque , Análisis del Estrés DentalRESUMEN
Ultrasound is an effective tool for both diagnostic and therapeutic applications. As an imaging tool, ultrasound has mostly been used for real-time noninvasive diagnostic imaging. As ultrasound propagates through a material, a reflected radio-frequency (RF) signal is generated when encountering a mismatch in acoustic impedance. While traditionally recognized for its diagnostic imaging capabilities, the application of ultrasound has broadened to encompass therapeutic interventions, most notably in the form of Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound (LIPUS). Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound (LIPUS) is a form of mechanical energy transmitted transcutaneously by high-frequency acoustic pressure waves. The intensity of LIPUS (30 mW/cm2) is within the range of ultrasound intensities used for diagnostic purposes (1-50 mW/cm2) and is regarded as non-thermal, non-destructive, permeating living tissues and triggering a cascade of biochemical responses at the cellular level. The LIPUS device produces a 200 µs burst of 1.5 MHz acoustic sine waves, that repeats at a modulation frequency of 1 kHz and provides a peak pressure of 30 mW/cm2. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) forms one of the currently available non-invasive healing-enhancing devices besides electro-stimulation (pulsed electro-magnetic field, PEMF). This modality has been leveraged to enhance drug delivery, expedite injury recovery, improve muscle mobility, alleviate joint stiffness and muscle pain, and enhance bone fracture healing. Although LIPUS has been embraced within various medical disciplines, its integration into standard dental practices is still in its nascent stages, signifying an unexplored frontier with potentially transformative implications. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) has emerged as an attractive adjuvant therapy in various dental procedures, such as orthodontic treatment and maxillary sinus augmentation. Its appeal lies in its simplicity and non-invasive nature, positioning LIPUS as a promising avenue for clinical innovation. One particular area of interest is orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption (OIIRR), an oftenunavoidable outcome of the orthodontic intervention, resulting in the permanent loss of root structure. Notably, OIIRR is the second most common form of root resorption (RR), surpassed only by root resorption related to pulpal infection. Given the high prevalence and potential long-term consequences of OIIRR, this literature review seeks to evaluate the efficacy of LIPUS as a therapeutic approach, with an emphasis on assessing its capacity to reduce the severity of OIIRR to a level of clinical significance. To conduct this systematic review, a comprehensive automated literature search was executed across multiple databases, including MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Knowledge, Scopus, CINAHL, LILACS, SciELO, Cochrane, PubMed, trials registries, 3ie, and Google Scholar. Both forward and backward citation tracking was employed, encompassing studies published from database inception through January 2009 to April 2023. The review focused on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that specifically evaluated the effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound therapy on orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption (OIIRR), without restrictions of publication date. A stringent selection criterion was applied, and only studies demonstrating high levels of statistical significance were included. Ultimately, fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria and were subjected to further analysis. The overall quality of the included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was rigorously assessed utilizing the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. This analysis revealed certain methodological limitations that posed challenges in drawing definitive conclusions from the available evidence. Despite these constraints, the review offers invaluable insights that can inform and guide future research. Specifically, it delineates recommendations for targeted populations, necessary interventions, appropriate outcome measures, suitable study designs, and essential infrastructure to facilitate further investigations. The synthesis of these insights aims to enhance the development and application of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound therapy within the field of dentistry, thereby contributing to improved patient outcomes.
Asunto(s)
Resorción Radicular , Humanos , Resorción Radicular/etiología , Resorción Radicular/terapia , Ondas Ultrasónicas , Atención Odontológica , Terapia Combinada , Bases de Datos FactualesRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The Herbst appliance is an excellent therapy for treating class II malocclusions with increased overjet. Its mechanics involve propelling the mandibular bone using two pistons the patient cannot remove. The so-called bite-jumping keeps the mandible in a more anterior position for a variable period, usually at least 6 months. This appliance does not inhibit joint functions and movements, although there are scientific papers in the literature investigating whether this appliance can lead to temporomandibular disorders. This systematic review aims to evaluate whether Herbst's device can cause temporomandibular diseases by assessing the presence of TMD in patients before and after treatment. METHODS: A literature search up to 3 May 2023 was carried out on three online databases: PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. Only studies that evaluated patients with Helkimo scores and Manual functional analysis were considered, as studies that assessed the difference in TMD before and after Herbst therapy. Review Manager version 5.2.8 (Cochrane Collaboration) was used for the pooled analysis. We measured the odds ratio (OR) between the two groups (pre and post-Herbst). RESULTS: The included papers in this review were 60. Fifty-seven were excluded. In addition, a manual search was performed. After the search phase, four articles were considered in the study, one of which was found through a manual search. The overall effect showed that there was no difference in TMD prevalence between pre-Herbst and post-Herbst therapy (OR 0.74; 95% CI: 0.33-1.68). CONCLUSION: Herbst appliance seems not to lead to an increase in the incidence of TMD in treated patients; on the contrary, it appears to decrease it. Further studies are needed to assess the possible influence of Herbst on TMDs.