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This article describes the experience of one university team in developing, delivering and evaluating an online Nursing and Midwifery Council-approved mentorship programme for nurses and midwives who support pre-registration students in practice. Although the authors are confident of the quality of the educational provision, this article does not discuss this programme as an exemplar of best practice, but aims to share the learning gained from the experience of introducing a digital learning version of a mentorship course.
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Instrucción por Computador , Mentores , Bachillerato en Enfermería , Humanos , Proyectos Piloto , Medicina Estatal , Reino UnidoRESUMEN
Nursing and midwifery mentors are fundamental to the process of ensuring future practitioners are adequately prepared and supported during the practice element of their degrees. However, there is evidence to suggest that the infrastructure and support for the mentoring role is not always adequate. This article provides a review of some of the issues including the emotional labour associated with supporting pre-registration students, difficulties in accessing protected learning time for mentoring, and lack of supportive networks for mentors to develop within the role. The authors make recommendations on what is required to ensure that the mentor role is better acknowledged, supported and resourced.
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Educación en Enfermería/métodos , Docentes de Enfermería/educación , Tutoría/métodos , Mentores/educación , Partería/educación , Competencia Clínica , Docentes de Enfermería/psicología , Humanos , Aprendizaje , Mentores/psicología , Reino UnidoRESUMEN
Healthcare organisations face the challenge of delivering care in increasingly complex environments. To do so they depend on competent professionals, and continuing professional education (CPE) plays a major part in ensuring that staff maintain and develop their knowledge and skills. However, there is limited evidence of the effect of CPE on healthcare outcomes, and an emphasis on outcomes has overlooked the contribution of the processes that underlie effective CPE. This article reports the results of a study that explored a range of stakeholders' perceptions of the processes that maximise the positive effects of CPE on practice. Analysis of results shows that CPE can help improve care when supported by positive organisational cultures, effective partnership working between stakeholders and supportive learning environments that enable individuals to maximise their learning. This article discusses how managers play a pivotal role in creating positive cultures in which CPE can flourish by being role models and change agents, ensuring organisational strategic objectives are aligned with personal development plans, and by working collaboratively with education colleagues to ensure that learning from CPE is embedded in practice.
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Actitud del Personal de Salud , Educación Continua en Enfermería/organización & administración , Enfermeras Administradoras/psicología , Competencia Profesional/economía , Rol Profesional , Humanos , Relaciones Interprofesionales , Cultura Organizacional , Objetivos Organizacionales/economía , Reino UnidoRESUMEN
The value of graduates in the nursing workforce has been recognised in the move to all-graduate preparation of pre-registration nurses in England ( Nursing and Midwifery Council, 2010 ). Increasingly, after registration continuing professional development programmes for nurses are being offered at Master's level. However, there is limited evidence of the relationship between postgraduate study and improved patient outcomes. Evidence that does exist suggests that nurses who engage in postgraduate study are more likely to have improved critical thinking and decision-making skills, demonstrate leadership qualities to empower them to challenge poor practice, and have the skills needed for advanced clinical practice roles. This article explores these issues and makes recommendations for further work in this area.
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Educación de Postgrado en Enfermería/organización & administración , Humanos , Personal de Enfermería/psicología , Poder Psicológico , Reino UnidoRESUMEN
RET is a receptor tyrosine kinase that plays an important role in the development of neurons and kidneys. The gene encoding the rearranged-during-transfection (RET) receptor tyrosine kinase was first discovered in the 1980s. Activating RET mutations and rearrangements have since been identified as actionable drivers of oncogenesis in numerous cancer types and are most prevalent in thyroid and non-small-cell lung cancer. Following the modest success of repurposed RET-active multikinase inhibitors, the first selective RET inhibitors (SRIs), selpercatinib and pralsetinib, received regulatory approval in 2020. Now, thousands of patients with RET-altered cancers have benefited from first-generation SRIs, with impressive deep and durable responses. However, following prolonged treatment with these SRIs, a number of acquired on-target resistance mutations have been identified together with other non-RET-dependent resistance mechanisms. Today, the focus is on how we can further evolve and improve the treatment of RET-altered tumors with next-generation SRIs, and a number of candidate drugs are in development. The ideal next-generation SRIs will be active against on-target acquired resistance alterations, including those that emerge in the CNS, and will have improved safety and tolerability relative to first-generation SRIs. In this review, we will provide an update on these candidates and their potential to meet the unmet clinical need for patients who progress on first-generation SRIs.
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Citizen science is now commonly employed to collect data on plastic pollution and is recognised as a valuable tool for furthering our understanding of the issue. Few studies, however, use citizen science to gather information on water-borne plastic debris. Here, citizen scientists adopted a globally standardised methodology to sample the sea-surface for small (1-5 mm) floating plastic debris off the Cornish coast (UK). Twenty-eight trawls were conducted along five routes, intersecting two Marine Protected Areas. Of the 509 putative plastic items, fragments were most common (64 %), then line (19 %), foam (7 %), film (6 %), and pellets (4 %). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy identified the most common polymer type as polyethylene (31 %), then nylon (12 %), polypropylene (8 %), polyamide (5 %) and polystyrene (3 %). This study provides the first globally comparative baseline of floating plastic debris for the region (mean: 8512 items km-2), whilst contributing to an international dataset aimed at understanding plastic abundance and distribution worldwide.
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Ciencia Ciudadana , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua , Plásticos , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/análisis , Residuos/análisis , Monitoreo del Ambiente/métodos , Nylons , Reino UnidoRESUMEN
Supervising student practitioners remains an important part of the work of registered nurses, midwives and specialist community practitioners. The Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) introduced sign-off mentors in 2006. Sign-off mentors are required to make decisions about whether a final placement student has achieved the required standards of proficiency for entry to the NMC register. Existing, experienced mentors who wish to become sign-off mentors must be supervised signing off final placement students on NMC-approved courses on at least three occasions by a practitioner with existing sign-off mentor status. This article describes a collaborative citywide approach to the preparation and support of sign-off mentors in Leeds.
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Conducta Cooperativa , Mentores , Estudiantes de Enfermería , HumanosRESUMEN
Facilitating the learning of student nurses in the workplace is an integral role of the registered nurse. This article aims to provide an overview of the role and responsibilities of the mentor in supporting pre-registration nursing students in clinical practice. The professional obligations for the mentor to meet the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) standards (NMC, 2008a) will be explored, including the ongoing requirements to keep up to date in mentoring practices. Some of the challenges within the role will be identified, including the importance of recognizing and supporting the failing student. Recent changes to the preparation requirements for sign-off mentors will be discussed. The article concludes by presenting the potential benefits to both the individual and the practice placement provider.
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Mentores , Rol de la Enfermera , Estudiantes de Enfermería , Competencia Clínica , HumanosRESUMEN
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells targeting CD19 or CD22 have shown remarkable activity in B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). The major cause of treatment failure is antigen downregulation or loss. Dual antigen targeting could potentially prevent this, but the clinical safety and efficacy of CAR T cells targeting both CD19 and CD22 remain unclear. We conducted a phase 1 trial in pediatric and young adult patients with relapsed or refractory B-ALL (n = 15) to test AUTO3, autologous transduced T cells expressing both anti-CD19 and anti-CD22 CARs (AMELIA trial, EUDRA CT 2016-004680-39). The primary endpoints were the incidence of grade 3-5 toxicity in the dose-limiting toxicity period and the frequency of dose-limiting toxicities. Secondary endpoints included the rate of morphological remission (complete response or complete response with incomplete bone marrow recovery) with minimal residual disease-negative response, as well as the frequency and severity of adverse events, expansion and persistence of AUTO3, duration of B cell aplasia, and overall and event-free survival. The study endpoints were met. AUTO3 showed a favorable safety profile, with no dose-limiting toxicities or cases of AUTO3-related severe cytokine release syndrome or neurotoxicity reported. At 1 month after treatment the remission rate (that is, complete response or complete response with incomplete bone marrow recovery) was 86% (13 of 15 patients). The 1 year overall and event-free survival rates were 60% and 32%, respectively. Relapses were probably due to limited long-term AUTO3 persistence. Strategies to improve CAR T cell persistence are needed to fully realize the potential of dual targeting CAR T cell therapy in B-ALL.
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Antígenos CD19/genética , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras B/terapia , Receptores Quiméricos de Antígenos/administración & dosificación , Lectina 2 Similar a Ig de Unión al Ácido Siálico/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Antígenos CD19/inmunología , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunoterapia/efectos adversos , Inmunoterapia/tendencias , Inmunoterapia Adoptiva/efectos adversos , Inmunoterapia Adoptiva/tendencias , Lactante , Masculino , Pediatría , Supervivencia sin Progresión , Receptores Quiméricos de Antígenos/inmunología , Lectina 2 Similar a Ig de Unión al Ácido Siálico/inmunología , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
The use of large-scale compound screening has become a key component of drug discovery projects in both the pharmaceutical and the biotechnological industries. More recently, these activities have also been embraced by the academic community as a major tool for chemical genomic activities. High-throughput screening (HTS) activities constitute a major step in the initial drug discovery efforts and involve the use of large quantities of biological reagents, hundreds of thousands to millions of compounds, and the utilization of expensive equipment. All these factors make it very important to evaluate in advance of the HTS campaign any potential issues related to reproducibility of the experimentation and the quality of the results obtained at the end of these very costly activities. In this article, the authors describe how GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) has addressed the need of a true validation of the HTS process before embarking in full HTS campaigns. They present 2 different aspects of the so-called validation process: (1) optimization of the HTS workflow and its validation as a quality process and (2) the statistical evaluation of the HTS, focusing on the reproducibility of results and the ability to distinguish active from nonactive compounds in a vast collection of samples. The authors describe a variety of reproducibility indexes that are either innovative or have been adapted from generic medical diagnostic screening strategies. In addition, they exemplify how these validation tools have been implemented in a number of case studies at GSK.
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Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos/métodos , Algoritmos , Reproducibilidad de los ResultadosRESUMEN
There is increasing recognition that health professionals should engage in continuing professional development and lifelong learning. In addition, planned changes to pre-registration nurse education mean that many registered nurses are considering, or will consider, further academic study. This article aims to demystify academic terminology and provide practical guidance on preparing for and accessing higher education.
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Bachillerato en Enfermería/organización & administración , Educación Continua en Enfermería/organización & administración , Educación de Postgrado en Enfermería/organización & administración , Competencia Profesional , Desarrollo de Personal/organización & administración , Certificación/organización & administración , Documentación , Programas de Graduación en Enfermería/organización & administración , Necesidades y Demandas de Servicios de Salud , Humanos , Licencia en Enfermería , Programas Obligatorios/organización & administración , Reino UnidoRESUMEN
This article explores how quality care has become a reality for older people in Lincoln and how continuing professional development (CPD) has made a real difference to patient care, and has supported the career development of two nurses working with older people at Lincoln County Hospital.
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This article features the Coronary Care Unit of The Methodist Hospital of Houston, Texas. This unit was one of the first Beacon Critical Care Units recognized by the American Association of Critical Care Nurses. This article focuses on how to achieve this award. The Coronary Care Unit nursing infrastructure is described, and specific unit examples are included.
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Distinciones y Premios , Unidades de Cuidados Coronarios/organización & administración , Personal de Enfermería en Hospital/organización & administración , Garantía de la Calidad de Atención de Salud/organización & administración , Lugar de Trabajo/organización & administración , Actitud del Personal de Salud , Movilidad Laboral , Conducta Cooperativa , Toma de Decisiones en la Organización , Educación Continua en Enfermería/organización & administración , Medicina Basada en la Evidencia , Hospitales Religiosos , Humanos , Relaciones Interprofesionales , Mentores , Modelos de Enfermería , Personal de Enfermería en Hospital/educación , Personal de Enfermería en Hospital/psicología , Cultura Organizacional , Objetivos Organizacionales , Evaluación de Procesos y Resultados en Atención de Salud , Admisión y Programación de Personal/organización & administración , Filosofía en Enfermería , Protestantismo , Sociedades de Enfermería , Texas , Estados Unidos , Lugar de Trabajo/psicologíaAsunto(s)
Protección a la Infancia , Educación en Enfermería , Viaje , Niño , Humanos , Kenia , Liderazgo , Competencia Profesional , Reino UnidoRESUMEN
The ONS produces mid-year population estimates annually, which are based on updating from the most recent census. Therefore, whenever results become available from a census, a new base is created for the population estimates. This has implications for historic series, which need to be revised to be consistent with both the past and the most recent census. This article describes the methodology that will be used for this rebasing of the mid-year population estimates following the availability of results from the 2001 Census. Census results also provide a unique opportunity to assess the accuracy of the population estimates that are based on the previous census and this article also describes the approach that will be taken to the assessment of accuracy.
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Censos , Densidad de Población , Recolección de Datos/métodos , Interpretación Estadística de Datos , Inglaterra , Humanos , Proyectos de Investigación , GalesRESUMEN
Enabling patients, service users and carers to participate in the education of students in the healthcare sector is widely espoused, both in the literature and by professional regulatory bodies. This article focuses on one aspect of this: the issue of patient involvement in the assessment of nursing students in the practice setting. The challenges and complexities that may arise are explored, and recommendations are made for further work in this area.