Nanovibration detection based on a microsphere.

We propose a novel, to the best of our knowledge, sensor for nanovibration detection based on a microsphere. The sensor consists of a stretched single-mode fiber and a 2 µm microsphere. The light from the optical fiber passes through the microsphere, forming a photonic nanojet (PNJ) phenomenon at the front of the microsphere. The evanescent field in the PNJ enhances the light reflected from the measured object to the single-mode fiber-microsphere probe (SMFMP). Results showed that the system can detect arbitrary nanovibration waveforms in real time with an SMFMP detection resolution of 1 nm. The voltage signal received and the vibration amplitude showed a good linear relationship within the range of 0-100 nm, with a sensitivity of 0.7 mV/nm and a linearity of more than 99%. The sensor is expected to have potential applications in the field of cell nanovibration detection.

Prognosis Analysis and Perioperative Research of Elderly Patients with Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer under Computed Tomography Image of Three-Dimensional Reconstruction Algorithm.

To analyze the application value of computed tomography (CT) based on a three-dimensional reconstruction algorithm in perioperative nursing research and prognosis analysis of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), a retrospective study was performed on 124 patients with NMIBC who underwent surgical treatment in the hospital. All patients underwent CT examination based on the three-dimensional reconstruction algorithm before surgery, and transurethral resection of the bladder tumor was performed. The patients receiving conventional care were classified as the control group, and those receiving comprehensive care were classified as the case group, and the recovery status and recurrence of the two groups were compared. The results showed that the accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity of CT imaging information based on the three-dimensional reconstruction algorithm for NMIBC patients were 89.38, 93.77, and 84.39, respectively. The incidence of bladder spasm (9.68%), bladder flushing time (1.56 d), and retention of drainage tube time (2.68 d) in the case group were obviously lower compared with the control group (30.65%, 2.32 d, and 5.19 d) (P < 0.05). Serum BLCA-1 (3.72 ng/mL) and CYFRA21-1 (5.68 µg/mL) in the case group were significantly lower than those in the control group, with a statistically considerable difference (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the scores of role function (89.82 points), emotional function (84.76 points), somatic function (79.23 points), and social function (73.93 points) in the case group were observably higher (P < 0.05). In addition, one year after the operation, CT examination showed that the recurrence rate in the case group (6.45%) was significantly lower than that in the control group (22.58%) (P < 0.05). Therefore, CT detection based on the three-dimensional reconstruction algorithm was particularly important for preoperative diagnosis, prognosis, and recurrence monitoring of NMIBC patients. It could provide great clinical value for the diagnosis and prognosis monitoring of NMIBC.

YAP Triggers Bladder Cancer Proliferation by Affecting the MAPK Pathway.

BACKGROUND: The transcriptional regulator YAP is frequently overexpressed in human cancers, such as breast and pancreatic cancers, plays an important role in tumorigenesis and can regulate many factors affecting cancer progression. These observations encouraged us to investigate the effect of YAP expression on bladder cancer. METHODS: The changes in multiple cellular functions associated with tumor progression including cell proliferation, cell migration, cell cycle, and cell apoptosis were assessed after YAP knockdown/overexpression in bladder cancer cell lines. Additionally, Western blot was developed to verify the change of proteins caused by YAP knockdown/overexpression. RESULTS: YAP had relatively higher expression in bladder cancer tissues than in normal tissues. The proliferation and migration of bladder cancer cells were inhibited by YAP knockdown but were promoted by its overexpression. This promoting effect was accompanied by the increased activity of MAPK/ERK pathway. CONCLUSION: Our data established that YAP is an oncogene involved in bladder cancer and thus can be a potential target for treatment.

Giant Pelvic Adenoma Originating from Ectopic Prostatic Tissue.

Ectopic prostatic tissue detected outside the genitourinary system has been rarely reported. A case with a giant pelvic adenoma that originated from ectopic prostatic tissue is presented. A 71-year male was detected with lower abdominal mass for eight months and recurrent acute urinary retention for one week. This patient already had mild lower urinary tract symptoms for three years. The physical examination, laboratory tests, ultrasonography, and MRI of this patient were analysed, and the pathological diagnosis was ectopic prostatic adenoma. The suprapubic incision for pelvic exploration and tumorectomy was chosen. The recognition and awareness of this unusual lesion is important, in order not to confuse this particular lesion with other pelvic tumors.