Balance and coordination training after sciatic nerve injury.

INTRODUCTION: Numerous therapeutic interventions have been tested to enhance functional recovery after peripheral nerve injuries. METHODS: After sciatic nerve crush in rats we tested balance and coordination and motor control training in sensorimotor tests and analyzed nerve and muscle histology. RESULTS: The balance and coordination training group and the sham group had better results than the sedentary and motor control groups in sensorimotor tests. The sham and balance and coordination groups had a significantly larger muscle area than the other groups, and the balance and coordination group showed significantly better values than the sedentary and motor control groups for average myelin sheath thickness and g-ratio of the distal portion of the nerve. CONCLUSIONS: The findings indicate that balance and coordination training improves sciatic nerve regeneration, suggesting that it is possible to revert and/or prevent soleus muscle atrophy and improve performance on sensorimotor tests.

Effect of treadmill exercise on serotonin immunoreactivity in medullary raphe nuclei and spinal cord following sciatic nerve transection in rats.

The serotoninergic system modulates nociceptive and locomotor spinal cord circuits. Exercise improves motor function and changes dopaminergic, noradrenergic, and serotonergic central systems. However, the direct relationship between serotonin, peripheral nerve lesion and aerobic treadmill exercise has not been studied. Using immunohistochemistry and optic densitometry, this study showed that the sciatic nerve transection increased the serotoninergic immunoreactivity in neuronal cytoplasm of the magnus raphe nuclei of trained and sedentary rats. In the dorsal raphe nucleus the increase only occurred in sedentary-sham-operated rats. In the spinal cord of trained, transected rats, the ventral horn showed significant changes, while the change in dorsal horn was insignificant. Von Frey's test indicated analgesia in all exercise-trained rats. The sciatic nerve functional index indicated recovery in the trained group. Thus, both the aerobic treadmill exercise training and the nervous lesion appear to contribute to changes in serotonin immunoreactivity.