Case Report: A rare case of primary paraganglioma of the gallbladder with a literature review.

Introduction: Paragangliomas of the gallbladder are exceptionally rare. To date, only a few cases of this disease have been reported globally, and the majority were found incidentally during surgery. Although complete resection can achieve a curative effect, specific targeted drugs may have survival benefits for patients with potential recurrence and metastasis risks. Case presentation: A 48-year-old woman was scheduled for anatomical central hepatectomy due to the discovery of a liver mass. Surprisingly, a gallbladder tumor accompanied by intrahepatic invasion was found rather than primary liver lesions during the operation. Postoperatively, the lesion was confirmed to be a paraganglioma originating from the gallbladder with intrahepatic invasion detectable on histopathology. After surgery, the patient was treated with a new targeted drug, surufatinib {200 mg, q.d. [quaque die (every day)]}, and no recurrence was observed during the regular follow-up. Discussion: Gallbladder paraganglioma is rare and occult, and surgeons do not know it well, so it is easily misdiagnosed before surgery. Postoperative pathological examination is the gold standard for diagnosis. Conclusion: Given that the tumor contained abundant blood sinuses, the early and continuous enhancement of dynamic enhanced CT scanning was its characteristic manifestation. We presented a case in which a primary gallbladder paraganglioma was identified accidentally in a patient who was misdiagnosed with a liver lesion before surgery. Based on our experience in this work, the en bloc resection technique in combination with surufatinib might have a survival benefit to patients at risk of potential recurrence or metastasis; however, further follow-up observations are needed.

RAD52 motif­containing protein 1 promotes non­small cell lung cancer cell proliferation and survival via cell cycle regulation.

DNA repair proteins such as RAD52 have been implicated in tumor progression and response to chemotherapy. RAD52 motif­containing protein 1 (RDM1) has been implicated in the response to chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin; however, its function in lung cancer progression remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of RDM1 in the progression of non­small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We found elevated RDM1 mRNA and protein expression in NSCLC tissues and cell lines compared to levels in normal lung cells. RDM1 protein expression in lung cancer tissues was found to correlate with tumor size, histological differentiation, lymph node metastasis and tumor­node­metastasis (TNM) stage. Knockdown of the RDM1 gene with siRNA significantly reduced the cellular proliferation rate and increased apoptosis in the human NSCLC cell line, NCI­H1299. Compared to wild­type NCI­H1299 cells, RDM1 knockdown enhanced the activity of caspase­3 and caspase­7, and decreased the proportion of cells in the S­phase of the cell cycle. Taken together, these data imply that RDM1 promotes the survival and proliferation of NSCLC cells. Due to its similarity to RAD52, we hypothesized that RDM1 potentially repairs DNA double­strand breaks arising through DNA replication, thereby preventing G2/M cell cycle arrest. Accordingly, specific targeting of RDM1 may be a novel therapeutic strategy in the treatment of NSCLC.

[Sinonasal teratocarcinosarcoma: clinicopathologic study and analysis].

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinicopathologic features, immunophenotype, diagnosis and differential diagnosis of Sinonasal teratocarcinosarcoma (SNTCS). METHOD: The clinical findings, morphologic features and immunohistochemical markers in one case of SNTCS were studied, and the relevant literatures were reviewed. RESULT: The Tumor tissue is composed of three layers, with mature and immature squamous epithelium nests, neural epithelial cells and olfactory neuroblastoma-like cells derived of ectoderm; Sarcomatoid components and bone tissue derived of mesoderm; The glandular and tubular structures part of which is adenocarcinoma and respiratory epithelium derived of endoderm; The fetal clear cell squamous epithelium is typical. In addition, diffuse large cytoplasm-with high light and cytoplasm with dark light has no obviously boundery. Immunohistochemical staining showed immune markers of different germ layers corresponding, squamous epithelium, glandular epithelium and respiratory epithelium were positive for CK and EMA, neural epithelial cells and olfactory neuroblastoma-like cells were positive for S-100, NSE and Syn, sarcomatoid area was positive for Vim, light dye area was positive for Vim, CD99 and CK, dark area was positive for NSE and GFAP. CONCLUSION: SNTCS is a rare malignant tumor with the features of teratoma and carcinosarcoma, its histopathological and immunohistochemical features were typical, should be more drawn and sliced to avoid misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.