Methodological and reporting quality of systematic reviews on health effects of air pollutants were higher than extreme temperatures: a comparative study.

BACKGROUND: An increasing number of systematic reviews (SRs) in the environmental field have been published in recent years as a result of the global concern about the health impacts of air pollution and temperature. However, no study has assessed and compared the methodological and reporting quality of SRs on the health effects of air pollutants and extreme temperatures. This study aims to assess and compare the methodological and reporting quality of SRs on the health effects of ambient air pollutants and extreme temperatures. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Epistemonikos databases were searched. Two researchers screened the literature and extracted information independently. The methodological quality of the SRs was assessed through A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR 2). The reporting quality was assessed through Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). RESULTS: We identified 405 SRs (286 for air pollution, 108 for temperature, and 11 for the synergistic effects). The methodological and reporting quality of the included SRs were suboptimal, with major deficiencies in protocol registration. The methodological quality of SRs of air pollutants was better than that of temperature, especially in terms of satisfactory explanations for any heterogeneity (69.6% v. 45.4%). The reporting quality of SRs of air pollution was better than temperature, however, adherence to the reporting of the assessment results of risk of bias in all SRs (53.5% v. 34.3%) was inadequate. CONCLUSIONS: Methodological and reporting quality of SRs on the health effect of air pollutants were higher than those of temperatures. However, deficiencies in protocol registration and the assessment of risk of bias remain an issue for both pollutants and temperatures. In addition, developing a risk-of-bias assessment tool applicable to the temperature field may improve the quality of SRs.

Hexa-kis-(dimethyl sulfoxide-κO)nickel(II) bis-(2,2-dicyano-ethene-1,1-dithiol-ato-κS,S')nickelate(II).

The reaction of NiCl(2)·6H(2)O with sodium 2,2-dicyano-ethene-1,1-dithiol-ate [Na(2)(i-mnt)] in dimethyl sulfoxide produces the title complex, [Ni(C(2)H(6)OS)(6)][Ni(C(4)N(2)S(2))(2)]. There is half each of an [Ni(C(2)H(6)OS)(6)](2-) complex anion and an [Ni{(CH(3))(2)SO}(6)](2+) complex cation in the asymmetric unit. The i-mnt ligand coordinates in a bidentate manner to the Ni atom in the anion through the two chelating S atoms in an approximate square-planar geometry. The Ni atom in the complex cation has an octahedral coordination environment with six dimethyl sulfoxide mol-ecules as ligands.

Consistency of recommendations for pharmacotherapy of rheumatoid arthritis.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory arthropathy. Recommendations for RA, specifically on pharmacotherapy, are essential in clinical practice. However, the direction and strength of recommendations are controversial across current clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) of RA. Objective: To systematically analyze the consistency of recommendations regarding pharmacotherapy of RA across CPGs. Methods: 11 electronic databases and websites were comprehensively searched from inception to 14 March 2022, to identify CPGs for diagnosis, therapy, and management of RA. Unambiguous and discrete specifications of the population-intervention-comparison (PIC) framework were used to classify the recommendations. Based on the PIC framework, consistency analyses across CPGs on pharmacotherapy of RA were performed. Two researchers reached a consensus on coding the direction and strength of each recommendation. Results: Finally, 26 CPGs were included in this study, and 14 of them, which included pharmacotherapy, were performed consistency analysis. 1) 64 recommendations from 14 CPGs were classified into 18 PICs. 2) Seven PICs (38%) were consistent in direction and strength, 10 PICs (56%) were consistent in direction but inconsistent in strength, and one PIC (6%) was inconsistent in direction (hydroxychloroquine, HCQ). 3) Sensitivity analysis tested the robustness, and the inconsistency remained high. Conclusion: The direction was highly consistent among the recommendations of pharmacotherapy for RA, but the strength was highly inconsistent. Reasons for the inconsistency need to be further investigated, and consistent recommendations could guide the pharmacotherapy of RA in clinical practice.

[5,5'-Dihydr-oxy-2,2'-[o-phenyl-enebis(nitrilo-methyl-idyne)]diphenolato}copper(II) methanol disolvate.

In the title compound, [Cu(C(20)H(14)N(2)O(4))]·2CH(3)OH, the Cu(II) ion is coordinated by two N [Cu-N = 1.933 (2) and 1.941 (2) Å] and two O [Cu-O = 1.890 (2) and 1.9038 (19) Å] atoms from the tetra-dentate Schiff base ligand 5,5'-dihydr-oxy-2,2'-[o-phenyl-enebis(nitrilo-methyl-idyne)]diphen-olate (L) in a distorted square-planar geometry. In the crystal, inter-molecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link two CuL mol-ecules and four solvent mol-ecules into a centrosymmetric cluster. The crystal packing exhibits short inter-molecular C⋯C contacts of 3.185 (4) and 3.232 (4) Å.