Metastatic Multifocal Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumour in the Cervicothoracic Spinal Cord of a Dog Initially Mimicking Meningomyelitis.

A nine year old cross-breed dog was presented with a two week history of ambulatory tetraparesis and proprioceptive ataxia affecting all four limbs. Meningomyelitis of Unknown Origin (MUO) was presumptively diagnosed based on the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis. The dog received a tapering dose of glucocorticoids and cyclosporine, showing significant improvement and the stabilization of the clinical signs for seven months. After this period, the dog showed an acute clinical deterioration and a follow-up MRI revealed new multiple lesions affecting different spinal nerve roots along the cervicothoracic spinal cord. Following euthanasia, a final diagnose of multiple malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) was made based on the histopathological examination. MPNSTs can affect the cranial nerves, spinal nerves or the associated nerve roots at any location and can lead to secondary spinal cord compression. The aim of the present case report is to describe the clinical presentation and atypical MRI findings of a dog with histologically confirmed multiple MPNSTs. According to the reviewed literature, this is the first reported case of simultaneous MPNSTs in the cervicothoracic spinal cord of a dog.

Traumatic Tympanic Bulla Fracture in a Cat With Severe Head Trauma.

A nine-year-old male European shorthair cat was referred to our practice with severe head trauma after suffering a road traffic accident (RTA). The patient presented marked facial swelling and multiple skin wounds and bruising, inspiratory dyspnea, palpable mandibular and maxillary fractures, serosanguinolent oronasal discharge and right eye exophthalmos and buphthalmos with loss of menace and pupillary reflex. After stabilizing the patient, a CT scan was performed under general anesthesia and an oesophagostomy tube was placed. The scan revealed the presence of multiple right tympanic bulla fractures. Multiple mandibular, maxillary, and palatine fractures were also present. The cat underwent surgery. Mandibular symphyseal separation and maxillary fractures were stabilized using intraoral cerclage wire fixation reinforced with composite and the right eye was enucleated. The rest of the fractures were treated conservatively. A CT scan 4 months after the trauma was also performed. At this point, the maxillofacial fractures were healing properly, and a bone callus demonstrating fusion of fragments of the right tympanic bulla was evident. There was absence of abnormal content inside the right tympanic bulla. The patient recovered uneventfully with no neurological deficits. To the author's knowledge this is the first case reporting a traumatic tympanic bulla fracture in the cat with case follow up, and the first case reported using CT as diagnostic imaging test.

Alarma gamma para la protección radiológica / A Gamma Alarm system for radiation protection

En el presente trabajo se describe el desarrollo de un instrumento para el monitoreo radiológico identificado como Alarma Gamma (GAMAL01). Estos monitores detectan el incremento de la tasa de conteo de la radiación y emiten una alarma cuando esta magnitud sobrepasa un umbral determinado. El umbral para la emisión de la alarma se fija de manera que esta se produzca cuando se considere que la tasa de conteo de la radiación pueda provocar una exposición inaceptable del personal a las radiaciones, de acuerdo a lo establecido por las normas de seguridad radiológica vigentes en el país. La señal de alarma indica la necesidad de realizar la evacuación del personal del sitio afectado. El instrumento consta de dos secciones: una analógica y otra digital

This paper describes the development of an instrument for radiological monitoring, identified as Gamma Alarm (GAMAL01). The instrument monitors the increment of radiation count rate and produces an alarm signal, when the count rate becomes superior to a fixed threshold value. The threshold is fixed to assure that the signal emission will start when the value of the radiation count rate may cause a non acceptable radiological exposition of the personnel, according to the radiological safety regulations existing in the country. Following the signal the personnel must be evacuated from the affected place. The instrument consists of two sections, an analogical section and a digital one

Abdominal ultrasonographic findings in dogs naturally infected with babesiosis.

Canine babesiosis is a tick-borne disease with a worldwide distribution that can involve multiple organs and result in a wide variety of clinical manifestations. Our goal was to describe the sonographic changes occurring in 72 dogs naturally infected with babesiosis. Seven healthy Beagle dogs were used as a control group. The most common finding in all dogs was splenomegaly with a diffuse heterogenic parenchyma and generally reduced echogenicity. Diffuse hypoechoic hepatomegaly and bilaterally increased cortical echogenicity of the renal parenchyma were found more frequently in severe uncomplicated and complicated babesiosis groups. Mean renal resistive index and pulsatility index (PI) values were 0.66/1.35, 0.73/1.91, and 0.71/1.73 for mild uncomplicated, severe uncomplicated, and complicated babesiosis groups, respectively. A markedly increased PI for complicated and severe uncomplicated groups correlated with anemia and severity of renal damage. Ultrasonography can be an adjunct for diagnosis and monitoring canine babesiosis and its systemic complications. The detection of diffuse heterogeneous splenomegaly can support the diagnosis of Babesia infection, because of the high prevalence of this lesion in these patients.

Tratamentos alternativos para epilepsia em Santa Catarina / Alternate treatment for epilepsy in Santa Catarina

O objetivo do estudo foi elucidar os tratamentos alternativos usados pela populacao epileptica em Santa Catarina. Este estudo foi realizado na Policlinica Regional do Sistema Unico de Saude em Florianopolis/SC - Brasil, em 1993, e questionarios foram aplicados atraves de contato individual com os pacientes. A estes foi perguntado sobre a utilizacao de remedios caseiros, praticas religiosas/cultuosas ou outra medida terapeutica nao convencional e sobre o valor curativo dessas medidas. Uma vez que essa area geografica recebeu grande numero de imigrantes alemaes, italianos e portugueses, observacao especifica foi feita com finalidade de correlacionar influencias culturais dentre uma populacao com a mesma condicao mas diferentes raizes etnicas. Observou-se que a falta de conhecimento sobre epilepsia e similar na maioria das pessoas, o que, provavelmente, e a causa do alto indice encontrado da busca de tratamentos alternativos.