Fluorescent chemosensors facilitate the visualization of plant health and their living environment in sustainable agriculture.

Globally, 91% of plant production encounters diverse environmental stresses that adversely affect their growth, leading to severe yield losses of 50-60%. In this case, monitoring the connection between the environment and plant health can balance population demands with environmental protection and resource distribution. Fluorescent chemosensors have shown great progress in monitoring the health and environment of plants due to their high sensitivity and biocompatibility. However, to date, no comprehensive analysis and systematic summary of fluorescent chemosensors used in monitoring the correlation between plant health and their environment have been reported. Thus, herein, we summarize the current fluorescent chemosensors ranging from their design strategies to applications in monitoring plant-environment interaction processes. First, we highlight the types of fluorescent chemosensors with design strategies to resolve the bottlenecks encountered in monitoring the health and living environment of plants. In addition, the applications of fluorescent small-molecule, nano and supramolecular chemosensors in the visualization of the health and living environment of plants are discussed. Finally, the major challenges and perspectives in this field are presented. This work will provide guidance for the design of efficient fluorescent chemosensors to monitor plant health, and then promote sustainable agricultural development.

Wearable sensor supports in-situ and continuous monitoring of plant health in precision agriculture era.

Plant health is intricately linked to crop quality, food security and agricultural productivity. Obtaining accurate plant health information is of paramount importance in the realm of precision agriculture. Wearable sensors offer an exceptional avenue for investigating plant health status and fundamental plant science, as they enable real-time and continuous in-situ monitoring of physiological biomarkers. However, a comprehensive overview that integrates and critically assesses wearable plant sensors across various facets, including their fundamental elements, classification, design, sensing mechanism, fabrication, characterization and application, remains elusive. In this study, we provide a meticulous description and systematic synthesis of recent research progress in wearable sensor properties, technology and their application in monitoring plant health information. This work endeavours to serve as a guiding resource for the utilization of wearable plant sensors, empowering the advancement of plant health within the precision agriculture paradigm.

Mechanisms underlying LncRNA SNHG1 regulation of Alzheimer's disease involve DNA methylation.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease associated with long non-coding RNAs and DNA methylation; however, the mechanisms underlying the role of lncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 1 (lncRNA SNHG1) and subsequent involvement of DNA methylation in AD development are not known. The aim of this study was to examine the regulatory mechanisms attributed to lncRNA SNHG1 gene utilizing 2 strains of senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) model of AD and compared to senescence-accelerated mouse resistant (SAMR) considered a control. Both strains of the mouse were transfected with either blank virus, psLenti-U6-SNHG1(low gene expression) virus, and psLenti-pA-SNHG1(gene overexpression) virus via a single injection into the brains for 2 weeks. At 2 weeks mice were subjected to a Morris water maze to determine any behavioral effects followed by sacrifice to extract hippocampal tissue for Western blotting to measure protein expression of p-tau, DNMT1, DNMT3A, DNMT3B, TET1, and p-Akt. No marked alterations were noted in any parameters following blank virus transfection. In SAMP8 mice, a significant decrease was noted in protein expression of DNMT1, DNMT3A, DNMT3B, and p-Akt associated with rise in p-tau and TET1. Transfection with ps-Lenti-U6-SNHG1 alone in SAMR1 mice resulted in a significant rise in DNMTs and p-Akt and a fall in p-tau and TET1. Transfection of SAMP8 with ps-Lenti-U6-SNHG1 blocked effects on overexpression noted in this mouse strain. However, knockdown of lncRNA SNHG1 yielded the opposite results as found in SAMR1 mice. In conclusion, the knockdown of lncRNA SNHG1 enhanced DNA methylation through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, thereby reducing the phosphorylation levels of tau in SAMP8 AD model mice with ameliorating brain damage attributed to p-tau accumulation with consequent neuroprotection.

Mapping cryptic binding sites of drug targets to overcome drug resistance.

The emergence of drug resistance is a primary obstacle for successful chemotherapy. Drugs that target cryptic binding sites (CBSs) represent a novel strategy for overcoming drug resistance. In this short communication, we explain and discuss how the discovery of CBSs and their inhibitors can overcome drug resistance.

Effect of Cross-Linking Density on Non-Linear Viscoelasticity of Vulcanized SBR: A MD Simulation and Experimental Study.

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in changes in dynamic mechanical properties of mixed rubber during dynamic shear, yet the influence of vulcanized characteristics on the dynamic shear behavior of vulcanized rubber, particularly the effect of cross-linking density, has received little attention. This study focuses on styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) and aims to investigate the impact of different cross-linking densities (Dc) on dynamic shear behavior using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The results reveal a remarkable Payne effect, where the storage modulus experiences a significant drop when the strain amplitude (γ0) exceeds 0.1, which can be attributed to the fracture of the polymer bond and the decrease in the molecular chain's flexibility. The influence of various Dc values mainly resides at the level of molecular aggregation in the system, where higher Dc values impede molecular chain motion and lead to an increase in the storage modulus of SBR. The MD simulation results are verified through comparisons with existing literature.

Clinical study of interstitial brachytherapy for 72 cases of recurrent cervical cancer.

Objective: To determine the application value of interstitial brachytherapy in the treatment of recurrent cervical cancer. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 72 patients with recurrent cervical cancer admitted to The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from September 2017 to April 2022. They were divided into two groups according to different brachytherapy methods: conventional after-load radiotherapy group and interstitial brachytherapy group. After treatment, regular outpatient reviews or telephone follow-ups were conducted to evaluate the efficacy, related toxic and side effects and prognostic factors. Results: The short-term efficacy of the interstitial brachytherapy group was significantly higher than that of the interstitial brachytherapy group (p<0.05). The one-year LC and two-year LC of the interstitial brachytherapy group were 94% and 90.6%, respectively, while those of the conventional after-load group were 74.5% and 67.8%, respectively, with a statistically significant difference (p<0.05). The clinical efficacy of peripheral recurrence was 13.9% in the interstitial brachytherapy group, and that in the conventional after-load group was 2.7%, with a statistically significant difference (p<0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in late toxic and side effects between the two groups (p<0.05). Prognostic factors: Multivariate analysis of the COX regression model showed that only the maximum tumor diameter was an independent prognostic factor for OS and PFS, while the recurrence site and brachytherapy method were the independent prognostic factors for LC. Conclusion: Interstitial brachytherapy radiotherapy touts various benefits in the treatment of patients with recurrent cervical cancer, such as good short-term efficacy, high local control rate, reduced incidence of advanced bladder and rectal toxicity, and improved quality of life.

Significance of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria clone in immunosuppressive therapy for children with severe aplastic anemia. / é˜µå‘æ€§ç¡çœ æ€§è¡€çº¢è›‹ç™½å°¿å ‹éš†åœ¨å„¿ç«¥é‡åž‹å†ç”Ÿéšœç¢æ€§è´«è¡€å ç–«æŠ‘åˆ¶æ²»ç–—ä¸­çš„æ„ä¹‰.

OBJECTIVES: To study the association between paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) clone and immunosuppressive therapy (IST) in children with severe aplastic anemia (SAA). METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical data of 151 children with SAA who were admitted and received IST from January 2012 to May 2020. According to the status of PNH clone, these children were divided into a negative PNH clone group (n=135) and a positive PNH clone group (n=16). Propensity score matching was used to balance the confounding factors, and the impact of PNH clone on the therapeutic effect of IST was analyzed. RESULTS: The children with positive PNH clone accounted for 10.6% (16/151), and the median granulocyte clone size was 1.8%. The children with positive PNH clone had an older age and a higher reticulocyte count at diagnosis (P<0.05). After propensity score matching, there were no significant differences in baseline features between the negative PNH clone and positive PNH clone groups (P>0.05). The positive PNH clone group had a significantly lower overall response rate than the negative PNH clone group at 6, 12, and 24 months after IST (P<0.05). The evolution of PNH clone was heterogeneous after IST, and the children with PNH clone showed an increase in the 3-year cumulative incidence rate of aplastic anemia-PNH syndrome (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: SAA children with positive PNH clone at diagnosis tend to have poor response to IST and are more likely to develop aplastic anemia-PNH syndrome.

[Prevalence and risk factors of obesity in children with Diamond-Blackfan anemia]. / å ˆå¤©æ€§çº¯çº¢ç»†èƒžå†ç”Ÿéšœç¢æ€§è´«è¡€æ‚£å„¿è‚¥èƒ–å‘ç”Ÿæƒ å†µåŠå½±å“å› ç´ åˆ†æž.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the distribution of body mass index (BMI) and risk factors for obesity in children with Diamond-Blackfan Anemia (DBA). METHODS: The children with DBA who attended National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, from January 2003 to December 2020 were enrolled as subjects. The related clinical data and treatment regimens were recorded. The height and weight data measured within 1 week before or after follow-up time points were collected to calculate BMI. The risk factors for obesity were determined by multivariate regression analysis in children with DBA. RESULTS: A total of 129 children with DBA were enrolled, among whom there were 80 boys (62.0%) and 49 girls (38.0%), with a median age of 49 months (range 3-189 months). The prevalence rate of obesity was 14.7% (19/129). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the absence of ribosomal protein gene mutation was closely associated with obesity in children with DBA (adjusted OR=3.63, 95%CI: 1.16-11.38, adjusted P=0.027). In children with glucocorticoid-dependent DBA, obesity was not associated with age of initiation of glucocorticoid therapy, duration of glucocorticoid therapy, and maintenance dose of glucocorticoids (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: There is a high prevalence rate of obesity in children with DBA, and the absence of ribosomal protein gene mutation is closely associated with obesity in children with DBA.

Research advances on haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the treatment of severe aplastic anemia in children. / å•å€ä½“é€ è¡€å¹²ç»†èƒžç§»æ¤æ²»ç–—å„¿ç«¥é‡åž‹å†ç”Ÿéšœç¢æ€§è´«è¡€çš„ç ”ç©¶è¿›å±•.

Haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a recommended alternative therapy for children with severe aplastic anemia who lack a human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-identical sibling donor and do not respond well to immunosuppressive therapy; however, due to non-identical HLA, the patients may have donor-specific anti-HLA antibody, which may lead to a relatively high incidence rate of poor graft function. Compared with HLA-identical transplantation, conditioning regimen for haploidentical transplantation still needs to be explored. This article reviews the detection and treatment of donor-specific anti-HLA antibody, the selection of conditioning regimen, and the mechanism and treatment of poor graft function in haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Establishment and Simulation of 3D Geometric Models of Mini-Pig and Sheep Knee Joints Using Finite Element Analysis.

BACKGROUND Our objective was to establish and compare three-dimensional models of knee joints of mini-pigs and sheep, the 2 most commonly used animal models of osteoarthritis. MATERIAL AND METHODS Three-dimensional geometric models of knee joints were used to assess their biomechanical properties by analysis of the three-dimensional finite element stress load for flexion at 30° and 60°. RESULTS Analysis of multiple tissues indicated that the sheep knee had greater stress peaks than the mini-pig knee at 30° flexion (range: 12.5 to 30.4 Mpa for sheep vs. 11.1 to 20.2 Mpa for mini-pig) and at 60° flexion (range: 17.9 to 43.5 Mpa for sheep vs. 15.9 to 28.9 Mpa for mini-pig). In addition, there was uneven distribution of stress loads in the surrounding ligaments during flexion. CONCLUSIONS Our three-dimensional finite element analysis indicated that the mini-pig knee joint had stress values and changes of cartilage, meniscus, and peripheral ligaments that were similar to those of the human knee.

Annexin A1 involved in the regulation of inflammation and cell signaling pathways.

With the deepening of research, proteomics has developed into a science covering the study of all the structural and functional characteristics of proteins and the dynamic change rules. The essence of various biological activities is revealed from the perspectives of the biological structure, functional activity and corresponding regulatory mechanism of proteins by proteomics. Among them, phospholipid-binding protein is one of the hotspots of proteomics, especially annexin A1, which is widely present in various tissues and cells of the body. It has the capability of binding to phospholipid membranes reversibly in a calcium ion dependent manner. In order to provide possible research ideas for researchers, who are interested in this protein, the biological effects of annexin A1, such as inflammatory regulation, cell signal transduction, cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis are described in this paper.

WITHDRAWN: Comparison of the accuracy between imageless navigation and manual freehand approaches for total hip arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

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Mycoplasma Genitalium and Mycoplasma Hominis are prevalent and correlated with HIV risk in MSM: a cross-sectional study in Shenyang, China.

BACKGROUND: A high proportion of men who have sex with men (MSM) use geosocial networking apps (Apps) to seek partners. However, the relationship of app use with HIV risk is unknown. Further, the risks of some sexually transmitted infection (STIs), including Mycoplasma genitalium, have seldom been studied among MSM. METHODS: MSM were enrolled at a community-based HIV testing site in Shenyang, China. After completing a questionnaire survey, we collected rectal swabs and venous blood specimens. We then simultaneously tested for ten STIs (Chlamydia trachomatis [CT], Neisseria gonorrhea [NG], Ureaplasma urealyticum [Uu], Ureaplasma parvum species [Up1, Up3, Up6, Up14), Mycoplasma hominis [Mh], Mycoplasma genitalium [Mg], and Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 (HSV-2) using multiple PCR. We also performed blood tests for HIV, Syphilis, Hepatitis C antibody (HCV-Ab), Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg), and Hepatitis A-IgM (HAV-IgM), etc. RESULTS: One hundred and eighty-three MSM participated in this study, of which 51.4% reported seeking partners through apps in the past year. The prevalence of HIV was 19.7%, Syphilis 12.0%, HAV 1.1%, rectal Mg 15.3% and Mh 7.1%. Multivariable logistic regression showed that HIV infection was independently correlated with app-using behavior (adjusted odds ratio[aOR] = 2.6), Mg infection (aOR = 3.2), Mh infection (aOR = 4.1) and Syphilis infection (aOR = 3.1) (each P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: App use, Mg, Mh and Syphilis infection were correlated with higher HIV Risk in MSM. Geosocial networking apps should be utilized for HIV interventions targeting MSM. There is a need for more expansive STIs screening, particularly for Mg, Mh and Syphilis in MSM.

Effect of breviscapine on CYP3A metabolic activity in healthy volunteers.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of breviscapine on the pharmacokinetics of concomitantly administered midazolam (MID) and its associations with and effects on genetic polymorphism of the gene encoding cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5) in healthy volunteers. METHODS: The study group comprised 17 healthy volunteers who had been genotyped for CYP3A5*3 prior to start of the study. These volunteers were given daily doses of 120 mg (40 mg, three times a day) of breviscapine or a placebo for 14 days, followed by 7.5 mg midazolam (MID) on day 15. The plasma concentrations of MID and the metabolite 1-hydroxy-midazolam (1-OH-MID) were determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for up to 12 h after drug administration. RESULTS: The pharmacokinetics of MID and 1-OH-MID were significantly different between the breviscapine and placebo groups, with a point estimate for MID AUC(0-12) of 1.56 (90% confidence interval 1.26, 1.87). The pharmacokinetics of MID and 1-OH-MID were not different among the CYP3A5 genotype groups, regardless of whether MID was coadministered with breviscapine or with placebo. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that breviscapine inhibited the metabolism of CYP3A in the volunteers, with no interaction difference among the different CYP3A5 genotypes.

Protective effect of Schisandra chinensis lignans on hypoxia-induced PC12 cells and signal transduction.

It is well-known that hypoxia induces neuronal injury; however, the mechanisms underlying this observed effect remain to be determined. Schisandra chinensis lignans (SCL). The aim of this study was thus to examine the ability of Schisandra chinensis lignans (SCL) to prevent hypoxia-induced neuronal injury using a human adrenal pheochromocytoma cell line (PC12). Exposure to hypoxia significantly reduced cell survival rate in cultured PC12 cells. However, pretreatment with SCL at 10, 20 or 40 µmol/L followed by hypoxia prevented loss of cellular viability. Flow cytometry demonstrated that the apoptotic rate in PC12 cells following hypoxia was significantly increased. Pretreatment with SCL 20 or 40 µmol/L in hypoxia-exposed cells resulted in significantly reduced apoptotic rates compared to hypoxia. Immunocytochemical staining showed that protein expression of p-Akt was significantly diminished by hypoxia. Following pre-treatment with different concentrations of SCL, PC12 cells were markedly stimulated as evidenced by elevated protein expression of p-Akt in a concentration-dependent manner. The expression of p-Akt protein in the presence of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway inhibitor LY294002 and SCL was not markedly changed indicating that signal transduction was affected by this Chinese herb. There were no significant differences in total Akt protein expression following hypoxia or pretreatment with SCL. Western blot demonstrated that expression levels of caspase-3 protein were significantly increased while expression levels of Bcl-2 protein were decreased in hypoxic cells. Pretreatment with SCL followed by hypoxia significantly lowered expression levels of caspase-3 protein accompanied by elevated expression levels of Bcl-2 protein in a concentration-dependent manner. After co-incubation with LY29004 and SCL, down-regulation of expression of caspase-3 protein and up-regulation of the expression of Bcl-2 protein noted with SCL alone were suppressed. Data suggest that the protective effect exerted by SCL in hypoxia-induced PC12 cell injury involves enhanced cell proliferation and inhibition of apoptosis mediated by activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. The increased protein Akt phosphorylation expression levels resulted in consequent reduced downstream caspase-3 expression and enhanced Bcl-2 expression.

Protective effects of bellidifolin in hypoxia-induced in pheochromocytoma cells (PC12) and underlying mechanisms.

Bellidifolin, a xanthone compound derived from plants of Gentiana species, is known to exert a variety of pharmacological activities including anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory and antitumor actions as well as a protective effect on cerebral ischemic nerve injury. The aim of this study was to examine the protective effects of bellidifolin on nerve injury produced by hypoxia and possible underlying mechanisms using pheochromocytoma cells (PC12). Data showed that the viability of PC12 cells subjected to hypoxia resulted in a significant decrease; however; pretreatment with certain concentrations of bellidifolin (20 or 40 µmol/L) prior to hypoxia significantly increased the survival rate. The results of immunohistochemical staining analysis revealed that there were no marked alterations in the expression of pERK protein between all bellidifolin groups while the expression of p-p38MAPK protein was significantly enhanced by hypoxia. Pretreatment with different concentrations of bellidifolin followed by hypoxia significantly decreased the expression of p-p38MAPK protein. The results of western blot analysis showed that hypoxia induced the expression of the MAPK signaling pathway downstream of the key apoptosis factor caspase-3. Compared to hypoxia, the expression of caspase-3 in the presence of belliidifolin was significantly lower. Data suggest that bellidifolin may contribute to the protective effects associated with nerve injury initiated by hypoxia by mechanisms related to inhibition of cell apoptosis independent of the ERK pathway, but may involve blockade of p38MAPK signaling pathway activation and downstream caspase-3 expression.

The influence of Schisandrin B on a model of Alzheimer's disease using ß-amyloid protein Aß1-42-mediated damage in SH-SY5Y neuronal cell line and underlying mechanisms.

Schisandrin B, an active substance, is derived from Chinese herb fruit Wuweizi, which exerts various pharmacological activities and has displayed significant beneficial effects in ameliorating Alzheimer's disease (AD). The aim of this study was to further extend our examination for the use of schisandrin B extract in the potential treatment of AD effects by investigating DNA methylation (DNMT), known to be modified in this disease using SH-SY5Y neuronal cell line exposed to ß-amyloid protein (Aß1-42). In particular, the purpose of this investigation was to examine alterations in mRNA and protein expression of DNMT. Data demonstrated that schisandrin B blocked Aß1-42-mediated injury in SH-SY5Y neuronal cell line as evidenced by a restoration of cellular morphology and cell viability to approximate control levels at the highest 10 µg/ml Schisandrin B. Incubation with Aß1-42 significantly decreased mRNA and protein expression of DNMT3A and DNMT1 in SH-SY5Y neuronal cell line. Incubation with Aß1-42 followed by 24 treatment with schisandrin B significantly inhibited the Aß1-42 -induced changes in mRNA and protein expression of DNMT3A and DNMT3B in a concentration-dependent manner. It is of interest that the mRNA expression of DNMT3A and DNMT1 were significantly higher than control. Data thus indicate schisandrin B was effective in inhibiting the actions of Aß1-42 on cell survival and morphology and that DNA methylation may be associated with the beneficial findings.

Diterpenoid tanshinones inhibit gastric cancer angiogenesis through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge is a kind of Chinese herbal medicine known for activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis, with the effect of cooling blood and eliminating carbuncles, and has been proven to have the effect of treating tumors. However, the inhibitory effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge extracts (Diterpenoid tanshinones) on tumors by inhibiting angiogenesis has not been studied in detail. AIM OF THE STUDY: This study aimed to investigate the anti-gastric cancer effect of diterpenoid tanshinones (DT) on angiogenesis, including the therapeutic effects and pathways. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This experiment utilized network pharmacology was used to identify relevant targets and pathways of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge-related components in the treatment of gastric cancer. The effects of DT on the proliferation and migration of human gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 and human umbilical vein endothelial cell line HUVECs were evaluated, and changes in the expression of angiogenesis-related factors were measured. In vivo, experiments were conducted on nude mice to determine tumor activity, size, immunohistochemistry, and related proteins. RESULTS: The findings showed that DT could inhibit the development of gastric cancer by suppressing the proliferation of gastric cancer cells, inducing apoptosis, and inhibiting invasion and metastasis. In addition, the content of angiogenesis-related factors and proteins was significantly altered in DT-affected cells and animals. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that DT has potential as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of gastric cancer, as it can inhibit tumor growth and angiogenesis. It was also found that DT may affect the expression of the angiogenic factor VEGF through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, leading to the regulation of tumor angiogenesis. This study provides a new approach to the development of anti-tumor agents and has significant theoretical and clinical implications for the treatment of gastric cancer.

Grasping cryptic binding sites to neutralize drug resistance in the field of anticancer.

Drug resistance is a significant obstacle to successful cancer treatment. The utilization and development of cryptic binding sites (CBSs) in proteins involved in cancer-related drug-resistance (CRDR) could help to overcome that drug resistance. However, there is no comprehensive review of the successful use of CBSs in addressing CRDR. Here, we have systematically summarized and analyzed the opportunities and challenges of using CBSs in addressing CRDR and revealed the key role that CBSs have in targeting CRDR. First, we have identified the CRDR targets and the corresponding CBSs. Second, we discuss the mechanisms by which CBSs can overcome CRDR. Finally, we have provided examples of successful CBS applications in addressing CRDR. We hope that this approach will provide guidance to biologists and chemists in effectively utilizing CBSs for the development of new drugs to alleviate CRDR.

Protein Kinases as Potential Targets Contribute to the Development of Agrochemicals.

Using agrochemicals against pest insects, fungi, and weeds plays a major part in maintaining and improving crop yields, which helps to solve the issue of food security. Due to the limited targets and resistance of agrochemicals, protein kinases are regarded as attractive potential targets to develop new agrochemicals. Recently, a lot of investigations have shown the extension of agrochemicals by targeting protein kinases, implying an increasing concern for this kind of method. However, few people have summarized and discussed the targetability of protein kinases contributing to the development of agrochemicals. In this work, we introduce the research on protein kinases as potential targets used in crop protection and discuss the prospects of protein kinases in the field of agrochemical development. This study may not only provide guidance for the contribution of protein kinases to the development of agrochemicals but also help nonprofessionals such as students learn and understand the role of protein kinases quickly.