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1.
Gastroenterol Hepatol ; 39(9): 574-583, 2016 Nov.
Artículo en Español | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26973340

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Large serrated polyps (SP), proximal SP, SP with dysplasia and the presence of multiple sessile serrated adenomas/polyps (SSA/P), which we refer to as SP with increased risk of metachronous lesions (SPIRML), have been associated with an increased risk of advanced colon lesions on follow-up. It is unclear, however, whether SPIRML are also associated with an increased risk of synchronous advanced colorectal neoplasia (ACN). AIM: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of SPIRML and to evaluate the association between SPIRML and synchronous ACN. METHODS: A cross-sectional population-based study in all patients (1,538) with histological diagnosis of SP obtained from colonoscopies, sigmoidoscopies and colonic surgery performed in Navarra Health Service hospitals (Spain) in 2011. Demographic parameters and synchronous colonic lesions (adenomas, advanced adenomas [AA] and ACN) were analyzed. RESULTS: One fourth of the sample (384 patients) presented SPIRML. These were older patients, with a slight predominance of women, and with no differences in body mass index (BMI) compared to patients without SPIRML. In the univariate analysis, patients with SPIRML showed an increased risk of adenoma, AA and ACN. In the multivariate analysis, the SPIRML group had a higher risk of synchronous AA and ACN (odds ratio [OR]: 2.38 [1.77-3.21] and OR: 2.29 [1.72-3.05], respectively); in the case of ACN, this risk was statistically significant in both locations (proximal or distal), with OR slightly higher for the proximal location. Different subtypes of SPIRML had a higher risk of AA and synchronous NA. CONCLUSION: SPIRML were common in patients with SP, and their presence was associated with an increased risk of synchronous ACN.


Asunto(s)
Adenocarcinoma/epidemiología , Adenoma/epidemiología , Pólipos del Colon/epidemiología , Neoplasias Colorrectales/epidemiología , Neoplasias Primarias Múltiples/epidemiología , Adenocarcinoma/patología , Adenoma/patología , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Pólipos del Colon/patología , Neoplasias Colorrectales/patología , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Neoplasias Primarias Múltiples/patología , Prevalencia , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , España/epidemiología
2.
Arch Pathol Lab Med ; 147(2): 177-184, 2023 02 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35639589

RESUMEN

CONTEXT.­: Cardiac metastases are more prevalent than primary cardiac tumors, and although rare, the incidence is anticipated to increase with the extended survival of oncology patients. OBJECTIVE.­: To estimate the current incidence of cardiac metastasis from solid tumors in adult autopsies. DESIGN.­: Adult autopsy cases from 1984 through 2019 from patients diagnosed with any type of solid cancer were retrieved. The medical charts and pathologic autopsy data were reviewed in detail. RESULTS.­: A total of 1294 adult autopsies performed on patients diagnosed with any type of cancer within the past 35 years were reviewed. We found 124 secondary cardiac tumors. Eighty-five were due to cardiac involvement by solid tumors. Of these, 61 were true cardiac metastases of solid cancers. We focused on these 61 cases. The age range was 32 to 85 years. Forty-four patients were men and 17 were women. The lung was the most common primary site, with 21 cases (34.43%). The most frequent histologic type was carcinoma, with 54 cases (88.52%). The predominant layer of the heart involved was the pericardium, with 35 cases (57.38%). Twenty-one cases (34.43%) had pericardial effusion, with 4 being hemorrhagic. All cases had multiple extracardiac metastases, with 56 cases (91.8%) having distant metastases in 4 or more different organs. CONCLUSIONS.­: Cardiac metastasis is a rare occurrence, with an incidence of 4.71% (61 of 1294 cases) in our series. Lung cancer accounted for most of the cardiac metastases seen, and carcinomas were the most frequent histologic type. The pericardium was the most frequent location. Cardiac metastases occurred most frequently in cases of massive metastatic dissemination.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Cardíacas , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Neoplasias Cutáneas , Neoplasias del Timo , Masculino , Adulto , Humanos , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Autopsia , Neoplasias Cardíacas/epidemiología , Neoplasias Cardíacas/patología , Neoplasias Cardíacas/secundario , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patología , Metástasis de la Neoplasia , Melanoma Cutáneo Maligno
3.
Clin Epigenetics ; 15(1): 193, 2023 12 13.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38093305

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Colon cancer (CC) is a heterogeneous disease that is categorized into four Consensus Molecular Subtypes (CMS) according to gene expression. Patients with loco-regional CC (stages II/III) lack prognostic factors, making it essential to analyze new molecular markers that can delineate more aggressive tumors. Aberrant methylation of genes that are essential in crucial mechanisms such as epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) contributes to tumor progression in CC. We evaluate the presence of hyper- and hypomethylation in subrogate IHC markers used for CMS classification (CDX2, FRMD6, HTR2B, ZEB1) of 144 stage II/III patients and CC cell lines by pyrosequencing. ZEB1 expression was also studied in control and shRNA-silenced CC cell lines and in paired normal tissue/tumors by quantitative PCR. The pattern of ZEB1 staining was also analyzed in methylated/unmethylated tumors by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: We describe for the first time the hypermethylation of ZEB1 gene and the hypomethylation of the FRMD6 gene in 32.6% and 50.9% of tumors, respectively. Additionally, we confirm the ZEB1 re-expression by epigenetic drugs in methylated cell lines. ZEB1 hypermethylation was more frequent in CMS1 patients and, more importantly, was a good prognostic factor related to disease-free survival (p = 0.015) and overall survival (p = 0.006) in our patient series, independently of other significant clinical parameters such as patient age, stage, lymph node involvement, and blood vessel and perineural invasion. CONCLUSIONS: Aberrant methylation is present in the subrogate genes used for CMS classification. Our results are the first evidence that ZEB1 is hypermethylated in CC and that this alteration is an independent factor of good prognosis.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias del Colon , Homeobox 1 de Unión a la E-Box con Dedos de Zinc , Humanos , Homeobox 1 de Unión a la E-Box con Dedos de Zinc/genética , Metilación de ADN , Neoplasias del Colon/genética , Neoplasias del Colon/patología , Pronóstico , ARN Interferente Pequeño , Transición Epitelial-Mesenquimal/genética , Biomarcadores de Tumor/genética , Biomarcadores de Tumor/análisis
5.
Rev Esp Patol ; 52(4): 256-259, 2019.
Artículo en Español | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31530410

RESUMEN

Ectopic pituitary adenoma is a rare entity that is most commonly located in the sphenoid sinus. We report a case of a patient with ectopic pituitary adenoma with no functional expression associated with empty sella turcica, which gives rise to a broad differential diagnosis. Although it is a benign neoplasm, necrosis is encountered in a proportion of cases. Magnetic resonance imaging is the diagnostic method of choice for hypothalamic-pituitary-related endocrine diseases with endoscopic biopsy for histological confirmation. It is important to include pituitary markers in the immunohistochemical diagnostic panel.


Asunto(s)
Adenoma/diagnóstico por imagen , Coristoma/diagnóstico por imagen , Síndrome de Silla Turca Vacía/etiología , Neoplasias de los Senos Paranasales/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias Hipofisarias/diagnóstico por imagen , Seno Esfenoidal/diagnóstico por imagen , Adenoma/química , Adenoma/patología , Adenoma/cirugía , Adulto , Biomarcadores de Tumor/análisis , Coristoma/metabolismo , Coristoma/patología , Coristoma/cirugía , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Errores Diagnósticos , Síndrome de Silla Turca Vacía/diagnóstico por imagen , Femenino , Humanos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Proteínas de Neoplasias/análisis , Tumores Neuroendocrinos/diagnóstico , Osteólisis/etiología , Neoplasias de los Senos Paranasales/química , Neoplasias de los Senos Paranasales/patología , Neoplasias de los Senos Paranasales/cirugía , Hormonas Adenohipofisarias/análisis , Neoplasias Hipofisarias/química , Neoplasias Hipofisarias/patología , Neoplasias Hipofisarias/cirugía , Seno Esfenoidal/química , Seno Esfenoidal/patología , Seno Esfenoidal/cirugía
6.
Arch Esp Urol ; 60(7): 795-9, 2007 Sep.
Artículo en Español | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17937340

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To report one case of bilharziasis treated at our centre and to briefly comment the literature in the current context of increase of parasitical diseases in Europe, imported from the Third World by immigrants and tourists. METHODS: We report the case of a male patient from a Central African country referred to our department due to penile pain with painful voiding and ejaculation for several months, without other clinical symptoms. We performed a bibliographic search in the PubMed and Up-to-date databases with the following search terms: schistosomiasis, bilharziasis, hematuria, bladder infection, parasitosis, combined by boolean operators. RESULTS: After cystoscopy and pathologic study of the biological material the final diagnosis was chronic bilharziasis. The patient remains asymptomatic 14 months after treatment with praziquantel. CONCLUSIONS: Bilharziasis or schistosomiasis is a rare parasite disease, potentially severe which can severely compromise the urinary tract. In developed countries the cases are mainly imported from sub-saharian countries and other areas of North Africa, South Africa, Asia and Middle East. The cause is a parasite, Schistosoma haematobium, from the family of trematodes, genus helmints. In the active phasee the diagnosis is facilitated by the presence of Schistosomal eggs in urine. In latent or non active phase it is necessary the performance of cystoscopy and analysis of the biological material to reach the diagnosis.


Asunto(s)
Esquistosomiasis , Enfermedades de la Vejiga Urinaria/parasitología , Adulto , Enfermedad Crónica , Humanos , Masculino , Esquistosomiasis/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de la Vejiga Urinaria/diagnóstico
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