Coeliac disease, gluten-free diet and the development and progression of albuminuria in children with type 1 diabetes.

OBJECTIVES: Although a diagnosis of coeliac disease (CD) may be confronting to children with type 1 diabetes and their families, we hypothesize that children with CD have lower urinary albumin excretion, a marker of renal dysfunction. RESEARCH DESIGN: Twenty-four children with type 1 diabetes and biopsy-proven CD, on a gluten-free diet for at least 1 yr, were recruited from a single paediatric diabetes clinic alongside 55 children with type 1 diabetes but without CD matched for age, gender, duration of diabetes, and glycaemic control. RESULTS: Despite comparable diabetes exposure, glycaemic control and nutritional status, children with type 1 diabetes and CD had a lower urinary albumin creatinine ratio than in diabetic subjects without CD (0.9 ± 0.3 mg/mmol vs. 1.6 ± 0.3 mg/mmol; p = 0.01). Participants with CD also showed slower progression in albuminuria over 5-yr of follow-up while a small but significant increase was observed in the children with diabetes alone (1.6 ± 0.3 mg/mmol; follow-up 2.4 ± 0.5 mg/mmol; p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: As urinary albumin excretion is continuously associated with the risk of kidney disease, it is possible to speculate that CD or its management confers a degree of renoprotection. Larger studies are required to test this hypothesis.

Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate in a 400 cc Prostate: Case Report.

The modality of choice in the surgical management of benign prostatic hyperplasia for large prostates has traditionally been open prostatectomy. Advances in minimally invasive techniques have begun to challenge this notion with advantages such as lower bleeding and transfusion rates and shorter hospital stay. In this case report, we illustrate the use of holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) in a gland measuring more than 400 cc. We describe the case of a 71-year-old man with persistent voiding urinary symptoms despite two previous transurethral resections of his prostate. With greater experience in HoLEP and declining experience in open prostatectomy, there may be a shift toward HoLEP as the preferred treatment choice for large prostate glands.

Recurrent gluteal haematoma: two internal iliac artery-associated bleeding points.

Isolated iliac artery aneurysms are extremely rare. Gluteal artery aneurysms are also rare, more commonly affecting the superior gluteal artery in association with penetrating trauma, with those of the inferior gluteal artery usually associated with pelvic fractures. We discuss a diagnostically challenging presentation of recurrent subcutaneous gluteal haematoma due to two separate internal iliac artery-associated bleeding points. A 67-year-old man was referred, from a peripheral hospital, with a right-sided subcutaneous gluteal haematoma. This manifested 28 days following minor non-penetrating, non-fracture-associated trauma. Despite repeat blood transfusions, albeit interspersed with days of haemodynamic stability, and despite exclusion of relevant bleeding sources at endoscopy and two surgical explorations, it was only until contrast CT scanning was requested that both bleeding sources were identified and successfully treated by endovascular coil embolization. This provides an important variant and lesson to supplement current literature and understanding of more diagnostically challenging cases of an extremely rare presentation.