RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: to analyze the expressions of spirituality and religiosity of relatives of people who abuse or are dependent on psychoactive substances. METHODS: exploratory-descriptive research that dialogues with the spirituality and religiosity conceptual framework. It was performed at an outpatient clinic specialized in drug treatment in southern Brazil. Semi-structured interviews conducted with 11 relatives of patients undergoing treatment were analyzed by content analysis. RESULTS: the findings were grouped into two categories: forms of expression of spirituality and religiosity practices; and their influence on relatives' lives. Spirituality and religiosity almost always serve as a protective factor against feelings of anguish, conflicts and loneliness. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: despite the important role of expressions of spirituality and religiosity for many relatives, not everyone seems to benefit from them. Health professionals should consider these expressions in the construction of comprehensive health care for relatives.
Asunto(s)
Consumidores de Drogas , Espiritualidad , Brasil , Atención a la Salud , Humanos , ReligiónRESUMEN
COVID-19 is a disease whose knowledge is still under construction, high transmissibility, with no consensual treatment available to everyone. Therefore, the identification of patients at higher risk of evolving to the critical form of the disease is fundamental. The study aimed to determine risk factors associated with the severity of COVID-19 in adults patients. This is an observational, retrospective study from a cohort of adult patients with COVID-19 admitted to a public hospital from March to August 2020, whose medical records were evaluated. For the association of possible severity predictors, a Poisson regression was used. The primary outcome was the critical form of the disease (need for admission to the Intensive Care Unit and/or invasive mechanical ventilation). We included 565 patients: mostly men; 55.5% of those who progressed to the critical form of the disease were over sixty years old. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus and obesity were the most frequent comorbidities. There were 39.8% of patients who progressed to the critical form of the disease. The hospital mortality rate was 22.1%, and that of critical patients was 46.7%. The independent factors associated with the severity of the disease were obesity [RR = 1.33 (95% CI 1.07 to 1.66; p = 0.011)], SpO2/FiO2 ratio ≤ 315 [RR = 2.20 (95% CI 1.79 to 2.71; p = 0.000)], C-reactive protein > 100 mg/L [RR = 1.65 (95% CI 1.33 to 2.06; p = 0.000)], and lymphocytes < 1,000/µL [RR = 1.44 (95% CI 1.18 to 1.75; p = 0.000)]. Advanced age and comorbidities were dependent factors strongly associated with the critical form of the disease.
Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Adulto , Estudios de Cohortes , Hospitalización , Humanos , Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , SARS-CoV-2 , Centros de Atención TerciariaRESUMEN
ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the expressions of spirituality and religiosity of relatives of people who abuse or are dependent on psychoactive substances. Methods: exploratory-descriptive research that dialogues with the spirituality and religiosity conceptual framework. It was performed at an outpatient clinic specialized in drug treatment in southern Brazil. Semi-structured interviews conducted with 11 relatives of patients undergoing treatment were analyzed by content analysis. Results: the findings were grouped into two categories: forms of expression of spirituality and religiosity practices; and their influence on relatives' lives. Spirituality and religiosity almost always serve as a protective factor against feelings of anguish, conflicts and loneliness. Final considerations: despite the important role of expressions of spirituality and religiosity for many relatives, not everyone seems to benefit from them. Health professionals should consider these expressions in the construction of comprehensive health care for relatives.
RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar las expresiones de espiritualidad y religiosidad de familiares de personas que abusan o son dependientes de sustancias psicoactivas. Métodos: investigación exploratoria-descriptiva que dialoga con el marco conceptual de la espiritualidad y la religiosidad. Fue realizado en un ambulatorio especializado en tratamiento de drogas en el sur de Brasil. Se analizaron mediante análisis de contenido entrevistas semiestructuradas realizadas a 11 familiares de pacientes en tratamiento. Resultados: los hallazgos fueron agrupados en dos categorías: formas de expresión de la espiritualidad y prácticas de religiosidad; y su influencia en la vida de los familiares. La espiritualidad y la religiosidad sirven casi siempre como factor protector contra los sentimientos de angustia, conflictos y soledad. Consideraciones finales: a pesar del importante papel de las expresiones de espiritualidad y religiosidad para muchos miembros de la familia, no todos parecen beneficiarse de ellas. Los profesionales de la salud deben considerar estas expresiones en la construcción de la atención integral a la salud de los familiares.
RESUMO Objetivo: analisar as expressões da espiritualidade e da religiosidade de familiares de pessoas com uso abusivo ou dependente de substâncias psicoativas. Métodos: pesquisa exploratório-descritiva dialogando com o marco conceitual da espiritualidade e da religiosidade, realizada em ambulatório especializado no tratamento de drogas no sul do Brasil. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com 11 familiares de pacientes em tratamento, sendo analisadas pela análise de conteúdo. Resultados: foram agrupados em duas categorias: formas de expressão de práticas de espiritualidade e religiosidade e influência delas na vida dos familiares. A espiritualidade e religiosidade quase sempre servem como fator de proteção diante de sentimentos de angústia, conflitos e solidão. Considerações Finais: as expressões da espiritualidade e religiosidade têm papel importante para muitos familiares, no entanto nem todos parecem se beneficiar delas. Os profissionais de saúde devem considerar essas expressões na construção do cuidado integral em saúde dos familiares.
RESUMEN
ABSTRACT COVID-19 is a disease whose knowledge is still under construction, high transmissibility, with no consensual treatment available to everyone. Therefore, the identification of patients at higher risk of evolving to the critical form of the disease is fundamental. The study aimed to determine risk factors associated with the severity of COVID-19 in adults patients. This is an observational, retrospective study from a cohort of adult patients with COVID-19 admitted to a public hospital from March to August 2020, whose medical records were evaluated. For the association of possible severity predictors, a Poisson regression was used. The primary outcome was the critical form of the disease (need for admission to the Intensive Care Unit and/or invasive mechanical ventilation). We included 565 patients: mostly men; 55.5% of those who progressed to the critical form of the disease were over sixty years old. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus and obesity were the most frequent comorbidities. There were 39.8% of patients who progressed to the critical form of the disease. The hospital mortality rate was 22.1%, and that of critical patients was 46.7%. The independent factors associated with the severity of the disease were obesity [RR = 1.33 (95% CI 1.07 to 1.66; p = 0.011)], SpO2/FiO2 ratio ≤ 315 [RR = 2.20 (95% CI 1.79 to 2.71; p = 0.000)], C-reactive protein > 100 mg/L [RR = 1.65 (95% CI 1.33 to 2.06; p = 0.000)], and lymphocytes < 1,000/µL [RR = 1.44 (95% CI 1.18 to 1.75; p = 0.000)]. Advanced age and comorbidities were dependent factors strongly associated with the critical form of the disease.
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Introdução: A Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) é uma unidade com elevado custo hospitalar, devido à necessidade de espaço específico, profissionais especializados e tecnologias para o cuidado. Diversos pacientes necessitam de ventilação mecânica (VM) invasiva e por tempo prolongado, consequentemente gerando um custo ainda mais elevado à instituição. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar os fatores associados a maiores custos da internação hospitalar dos pacientes submetidos à VM invasiva na UTI. Métodos: Estudo transversal com 316 pacientes, submetidos à VM invasiva e internados na UTI, no período de fevereiro de 2015 a julho de 2016. A coleta de dados foi realizada em prontuário eletrônico. As variáveis estudadas foram: idade, sexo, causa da internação, diagnóstico na admissão, comorbidades, Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS-3), permanência na UTI, dias de VM, reintubações, reinternações, óbito na UTI ou intrahospitalar. Resultados: Os fatores que associaram-se significativamente com o aumento do custo da internação hospitalar foram: maior tempo de permanência hospitalar pós alta da UTI 4 (0-12) dias; maior tempo de VM 7 (3-14) dias; tabagismo; maior tempo de permanência na UTI 10 (5-18) dias e presença de infecção nosocomial. Conclusão: A identificação dos fatores como VM prolongada, maior tempo de permanência na UTI, maior tempo de permanência pós UTI, tabagismo e presença de infecção nosocomial, estes aumentam o custo da internação. Conhecendo esses fatores os profissionais de saúde podem melhorar o direcionamento de recursos e planejamento da alta pós-cuidados intensivos. Estratégias de gestão devem ser compartilhadas com a equipe multiprofissional na busca de melhorias nos processos de cuidado, gerenciamento dos custos associados à assistência à saúde e desfechos dos pacientes. (AU)
Introduction: The intensive care unit (ICU) is a high-cost unit in a hospital, because it requires specific space, specialized personnel, and a specific range of technologies for care. Many patients need long-term invasive mechanical ventilation (MV), which consequently generates an even higher cost to the hospital. The objective of this study was to identify factors associated with the increased hospitalization costs of patients receiving invasive MV in the ICU. Method: This was a cross-sectional study of 316 ICU patients receiving invasive MV. Data were collected from the patients' medical records. The following variables were investigated: age, sex, cause of hospitalization, admission diagnosis, comorbidities, Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS-3), ICU stay, MV days, reintubations, readmissions, and ICU and intrahospital mortality Results: The factors associated with increased hospitalization costs were longer hospitalization after ICU discharge (4 days, range 0-12), longer MV duration (7 days, range 3-14), smoking, longer ICU stay (10 days, range 5-18), and presence of nosocomial infection. Conclusion: Factors that increase hospitalization costs were identified, including prolonged MV, prolonged ICU stay, prolonged hospitalization after ICU discharge, smoking, and presence of nosocomial infection. Knowledge of these factors can help healthcare professionals improve resource allocation and post-ICU care planning. Management strategies should be shared with the multidisciplinary team to improve care processes, management of healthcare-related costs, and patient outcomes.(AU)