First insight into structure-activity relationships of selective meprin ß inhibitors.

The astacin proteases meprin α and ß are emerging drug targets for treatment of disorders such as kidney failure, fibrosis or inflammatory bowel disease. However, there are only few inhibitors of both proteases reported to date. Starting from NNGH as lead structure, a detailed elaboration of the structure-activity relationship of meprin ß inhibitors was performed, leading to compounds with activities in the lower nanomolar range. Considering the preference of meprin ß for acidic residues in the P1' position, the compounds were optimized. Acidic modifications induced potent inhibition and >100-fold selectivity over other structurally related metalloproteases such as MMP-2 or ADAM10.

Structure-Guided Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Next-Generation Meprin ß Inhibitors.

The metalloproteinase meprin ß emerged as a current drug target for the treatment of a number of disorders, among those fibrosis, inflammatory bowel disease and Morbus Alzheimer. A major obstacle in the development of metalloprotease inhibitors is target selectivity to avoid side effects by blocking related enzymes with physiological functions. Here, we describe the structure-guided design of a novel series of compounds, based on previously reported highly active meprin ß inhibitors. The bioisosteric replacement of the sulfonamide scaffold gave rise to a next generation of meprin inhibitors. Selected compounds based on this novel amine scaffold exhibit high activity against meprin ß and also remarkable selectivity over related metalloproteases, i.e., matrix metalloproteases and A disintegrin and metalloproteinases.

Inhibitors for human glutaminyl cyclase by structure based design and bioisosteric replacement.

The inhibition of human glutaminyl cyclase (hQC) has come into focus as a new potential approach for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. The hallmark of this principle is the prevention of the formation of Abeta(3,11(pE)-40,42), as these Abeta-species were shown to be of elevated neurotoxicity and likely to act as a seeding core leading to an accelerated formation of Abeta-oligomers and fibrils. Starting from 1-(3-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)propyl)-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)thiourea, bioisosteric replacements led to the development of new classes of inhibitors. The optimization of the metal-binding group was achieved by homology modeling and afforded a first insight into the probable binding mode of the inhibitors in the hQC active site. The efficacy assessment of the hQC inhibitors was performed in cell culture, directly monitoring the inhibition of Abeta(3,11(pE)-40,42) formation.