RESUMEN
We report the detection and characterization of a novel gammaherpesvirus in the critically endangered Darwin's fox (Lycalopex fulvipes; syn. Pseudalopex fulvipes) on Chiloé Island, Chile. Out of 28 analysed blood samples stored in alcohol, four were positive for this herpesvirus using a previously described pan-herpesvirus PCR assay targeting the herpesvirus DNA polymerase. Positive samples were subsequently characterized by means of a PCR targeting a 500 bp fragment of the glycoprotein B of the gammaherpesviruses. This novel herpesvirus was most closely related to other gammaherpesviruses from terrestrial carnivores, and is tentatively named Darwin's fox gammaherpesvirus. No apparent lesions were observed in the surveyed foxes. This is the first report of a gammaherpesvirus infecting a canid worldwide, and also of one infecting a carnivore from South America.
Asunto(s)
Especies en Peligro de Extinción , Zorros/virología , Gammaherpesvirinae/clasificación , Gammaherpesvirinae/genética , Infecciones por Herpesviridae/veterinaria , Animales , ADN Polimerasa Dirigida por ADN/genética , Femenino , Infecciones por Herpesviridae/virología , Masculino , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Filogenia , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa/métodos , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN , Proteínas del Envoltorio Viral/genéticaAsunto(s)
Enfermedades de las Aves/terapia , Medicina Veterinaria/normas , Fenómenos Fisiológicos Nutricionales de los Animales , Animales , Enfermedades de las Aves/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de las Aves/epidemiología , Aves , Enfermedades Transmisibles/epidemiología , Enfermedades Transmisibles/terapia , Enfermedades Transmisibles/veterinaria , Educación en Veterinaria , América Latina/epidemiología , Sociedades CientíficasRESUMEN
Very little is known about the diseases affecting the Darwin's fox (Lycalopex fulvipes), which is considered to be one of the most endangered carnivores worldwide. Blood samples of 30 foxes captured on Chiloé Island (Chile) were tested with a battery of PCR assays targeting the following pathogens: Ehrlichia/Anaplasma sp., Rickettsia sp., Bartonella sp., Coxiella burnetti, Borrelia sp., Mycoplasma sp., Babesia sp., Hepatozoon canis, Hepatozoon felis, Leishmania donovani complex, and Filariae. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene revealed the presence of Mycoplasma spp. in 17 samples (56.7%, 95% Confidence Intervals= 38.2-73.7). Of these, 15 infections were caused by a Mycoplasma belonging to the M. haemofelis/haemocanis (Mhf/Mhc) group, whereas two were caused by a Mycoplasma showing between 89% and 94% identity with different Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis from felids and rodents hemoplasmas. The analysis of the sequence of the RNA subunit of the RNase P gene of 10 of the foxes positive for Mhf/Mhc showed that eight were infected with M. haemocanis (Mhc), one with a Mycoplasma showing 94% identity with Mhc, and one by M. haemofelis (Mhf). One of the foxes positive for Mhc was infected with a Ricketssia closely related to R. felis. All foxes were negative for the other studied pathogens. Our results are of interest because of the unexpectedly high prevalence of Mycoplasma spp. detected, the variability of species identified, the presence of a potentially new species of hemoplasma, and the first time a hemoplasma considered to be a feline pathogen (Mhf) has been identified in a canid. Though external symptoms were not observed in any of the infected foxes, further clinical and epidemiological studies are necessary to determine the importance of hemoplasma infection in this unique species.
Asunto(s)
Especies en Peligro de Extinción , Zorros/microbiología , Infecciones por Mycoplasma/veterinaria , Mycoplasma/fisiología , Animales , Chile/epidemiología , ADN Bacteriano/genética , Femenino , Masculino , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Mycoplasma/clasificación , Mycoplasma/genética , Infecciones por Mycoplasma/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Mycoplasma/epidemiología , Infecciones por Mycoplasma/microbiología , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa/veterinaria , Prevalencia , ARN Ribosómico 16S/genética , Ribonucleasa P/genética , Rickettsia/genética , Rickettsia/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Rickettsia/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Rickettsia/epidemiología , Infecciones por Rickettsia/microbiología , Infecciones por Rickettsia/veterinaria , Homología de Secuencia de Ácido NucleicoRESUMEN
Se presenta la experiencia preliminara abtenidad en el Servicio de Ortopedia del Hospital General del I.V.S.S., al colocar el ligamento protésico PTFE de Gore-Tex, en cuatro pacientes que sufrían de inestabilidad de la articulación de la rodilla, debida a lesión de ligamentos cruzados. La evolución postoperatoria ha sido satisfactoria, aunque el seguimiento no ha sido suficientemente largo como para llegar a conclusiones definitivas