RESUMEN
This study was aimed to examine cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), apolipoprotein AI and CIII gene polymorphisms, and to verify whether these genetic determinants are associated with the prevalence of myocardial infarction (MI) or type 2 diabetes. The TaqIB restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) in intron I of the CETP gene, the MspI in the third intron of the APOAI gene, and also SstI in the 3' untranslated region of the APOCIII gene were determined using standard methods. The prevalence of these polymorphisms was compared between diabetic (n = 119), and non-diabetic (n = 100) middle-aged individuals of both sexes. We found a higher prevalence of the B2B2 genotype of the CETP gene among diabetics than that observed in non-diabetics (P < 0.05), and a lower prevalence of this genotype among patients with previous MI (P < 0.02). The MspI polymorphisms of the APOAI gene showed that M1++ genotype was found mainly in diabetic patients (P < 0.04). Conversely, the SstI polymorphism of APOCIII gene was not significantly associated with either MI or diabetes. Therefore, among these genetic polymorphisms, TaqIB of CETP and MspI of apolipoprotein AI appeared to help significantly to identify diabetic individuals. In particular, the former may have an additional role in the primary prevention of coronary disease.
Asunto(s)
Apolipoproteína A-I/genética , Apolipoproteínas C/genética , Proteínas Portadoras/genética , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/genética , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Glicoproteínas/genética , Infarto del Miocardio/genética , Polimorfismo Genético , Apolipoproteína C-III , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Proteínas de Transferencia de Ésteres de Colesterol , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/sangre , Femenino , Humanos , Lípidos/sangre , Lipoproteínas/sangre , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadAsunto(s)
Aterosclerosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Azetidinas/administración & dosificación , Biomarcadores/sangre , Endotelio Vascular/metabolismo , Inhibidores de Hidroximetilglutaril-CoA Reductasas/administración & dosificación , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Anticolesterolemiantes/administración & dosificación , Aterosclerosis/sangre , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Quimioterapia Combinada , Ezetimiba , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como AsuntoRESUMEN
1. Antihypertensive treatment has been demonstrated to result in persistent reductions in morbidity and mortality due to stroke. However, the coronary risk attributable to hypertension has been only partially reversed. We hypothesized that diuretics could have unfavourable effects on atherosclerosis. 2. New Zealand rabbits were fed a 0.5% cholesterol-enriched diet for 12 weeks, followed by a 0.1% cholesterol diet for another 12 weeks. During the last 12 week period, 40 animals were randomly assigned to one of four groups: (i) group I was the control group; (ii) group II received hydrochlorothiazide (10 mg/day); (iii) group III received quinapril (30 mg/day); and (iv) group IV was treated with hydrochlorothiazide (10 mg/day) plus quinapril (30 mg/day). 3. The treatments did not affect either the lipid profile or serum electrolytes and oxidative stress. However, endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in isolated aortic rings was significantly improved with quinapril (group III) treatment (P < 0.001 vs other groups). In addition, therapy with quinapril promoted a significant reduction in atherosclerosis (intima area, intima/media ratio and perimeter of vessel with plaque; P < 0.05 vs other groups), as well as in cholesterol content of the aorta (P < 0.05 vs groups II and IV). 4. In conclusion, hydrochlorothiazide did not modify atherosclerosis and, when added to quinapril treatment, impaired the anti-atherosclerotic effect seen with quinapril alone.