Erratum to 'Late-Onset De Novo Genu Recurvatum After Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Potential Indication for Isolated Polyethylene Exchange' [Arthroplasty Today 6 (2020) 492-495].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.artd.2020.05.014.].

Erratum to 'Total Knee Arthroplasty and Atypical Cartilaginous Tumor/Enchondroma of the Distal Femur' [Arthroplasty Today 6 (2020) 521-525].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.artd.2020.06.005.].

Overcoming fear of movement resulting from knee replacement; strategies used by patients: An interview study.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Fear of movement is among the main concerns of patients following knee replacement surgery and a determining factor in the success of surgery. The strategies adopted by patients to overcome this fear have not yet been identified, but once pin pointed, these strategies can be strengthened and modified through intervention. The aim of the present study was to explore the personal strategies adopted by patients following knee replacement to overcome fear of movement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Interviews were conducted with 15 patients who had undergone knee replacement, selected by purposive sampling. Data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews and analyzed using inductive content analysis. RESULTS: The patients' strategies as depicted in their narratives were classified into three categories: 1) Movement based on awareness; 2) Movement based on support; and 3) Movement based on hope. These three categories are described in eight subcategories and show what strategies the patients used to overcome their fear of movement. CONCLUSION: These findings can help to increase awareness about strategies to overcome fear of movement in patients following knee replacement and to develop and support tailored treatment strategies with the aim of reducing such fear of movement and increasing physical activity among the patients.

Revisiting the Paradox of Smoking: Radioactivity in Tobacco Smoke or Suppressing the SARS-CoV-2 Receptor, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2, via Aryl-Hydrocarbon Receptor Signal?

Despite current controversies, some reports show a paradoxical mitigating effect associated with smoking in individuals with symptomatic COVID-19 compared to the general population. To explain the potential mechanisms behind the lower number of hospitalized COVID-19 patients, it has been hypothesized that cigarette smoking may reduce the odds of cytokine storm and related severe inflammatory responses through cholinergic-mediated anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Japanese scientists have recently identified a potential mechanism behind the lower numbers of COVID-19 cases amongst smokers compared to non-smokers. However, we believe that this mitigative effect may be due to the relatively high concentration of deposited energy of alpha particles emitted from naturally occurring radionuclides such as Po-210 in cigarette tobacco. Regarding COVID-19, other researchers and our team have previously addressed the anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating effects of low doses of ionizing radiation. MC-simulation using the Geant4 Monte Carlo toolkit shows that the radiation dose absorbed in a spherical cell with a radius of .9 µm for a single 5.5 MeV alpha particle is about 5.1 Gy. This energy deposition may trigger both anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombotic effects which paradoxically lower the risk of hospitalization due to COVID-19 in smokers.