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1.
Int J Mol Sci ; 24(7)2023 Mar 23.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37047051

RESUMEN

The NLRP3 inflammasome serves as a host defense mechanism against various pathogens, but there is growing evidence linking its activation in sterile condition to diverse inflammatory diseases. Therefore, the identification of specific inhibitors that target NLRP3 inflammasome activation is meaningful and important for novel therapies for NLRP3 inflammasome-associated diseases. In this study, we identified a chemical compound, namely ODZ10117 (ODZ), that showed NLRP3 inflammasome-targeting anti-inflammatory effects during the screening of a chemical library for anti-inflammatory activity. Although ODZ was initially discovered as a STAT3 inhibitor, here we found it also has inhibitory activity on NLRP3 inflammasome activation. ODZ inhibited the cleavage of caspase-1 and IL-1ß-induced canonical NLRP3 inflammasome triggers, but had no effect on those induced by AIM2 or NLRC4 triggers. Mechanistically, ODZ impairs NLRP3 inflammasome activation through the inhibition of NLRP3-NEK7 interaction that is required for inflammasome formation. Moreover, the results obtained from the in silico docking experiment suggested that ODZ targets NLRP3 protein, which provides evidence for the specificity of ODZ to the NLRP3 inflammasome. Furthermore, ODZ administration significantly reduced MSU-induced IL-1ß release and the mortality rate of mice with LPS-induced sepsis. Collectively, these results demonstrate a novel effect of ODZ10117 in regulating NLRP3 inflammasome activation both in vitro and in vivo, making it a promising candidate for the treatment of NLRP3-inflammasome-associated immune disorders and cancer.


Asunto(s)
Inflamasomas , Proteína con Dominio Pirina 3 de la Familia NLR , Animales , Ratones , Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , Caspasa 1/metabolismo , Inflamasomas/metabolismo , Interleucina-1beta/metabolismo , Lipopolisacáridos/farmacología , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Proteína con Dominio Pirina 3 de la Familia NLR/metabolismo
2.
BMC Cancer ; 22(1): 852, 2022 Aug 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35927628

RESUMEN

Tumor acidosis, a common phenomenon in solid cancers such as breast cancer, is caused by the abnormal metabolism of cancer cells. The low pH affects cells surrounding the cancer, and tumor acidosis has been shown to inhibit the activity of immune cells. Despite many previous studies, the immune surveillance mechanisms are not fully understood. We found that the expression of PD-L1 was significantly increased under conditions of extracellular acidosis in MDA-MB-231 cells. We also confirmed that the increased expression of PD-L1 mediated by extracellular acidosis was decreased when the pH was raised to the normal range. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of public breast cancer patient databases showed that PD-L1 expression was also highly correlated with IL-6/JAK/STAT3 signaling. Surprisingly, the expression of both phospho-tyrosine STAT3 and PD-L1 was significantly increased under conditions of extracellular acidosis, and inhibition of STAT3 did not increase the expression of PD-L1 even under acidic conditions in MDA-MB-231 cells. Based on these results, we suggest that the expression of PD-L1 is increased by tumor acidosis via activation of STAT3 in MDA-MB-231 cells.


Asunto(s)
Antígeno B7-H1 , Neoplasias de la Mama , Antígeno B7-H1/metabolismo , Mama/patología , Neoplasias de la Mama/patología , Línea Celular Tumoral , Femenino , Humanos , Factor de Transcripción STAT3/genética , Factor de Transcripción STAT3/metabolismo , Transducción de Señal , Microambiente Tumoral
3.
J Cell Mol Med ; 24(13): 7427-7438, 2020 07.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32558259

RESUMEN

Gain- or loss-of-function mutations in Janus kinase 3 (JAK3) contribute to the pathogenesis of various haematopoietic malignancies and immune disorders, suggesting that aberrant JAK3 signalling is an attractive therapeutic target to treat these disorders. In this study, we performed structure-based computational database screening using the 3D structure of the JAK3 kinase domain and the National Cancer Institute diversity set and identified tubulosine as a novel JAK3 inhibitor. Tubulosine directly blocked the catalytic activity of JAK3 by selective interacting with the JAK3 kinase domain. Consistently, tubulosine potently inhibited persistently activated and interleukin-2-dependent JAK3, and JAK3-mediated downstream targets. Importantly, it did not affect the activity of other JAK family members, particularly prolactin-induced JAK2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 and interferon alpha-induced JAK1-TYK2/STAT1. Tubulosine specifically decreased survival and proliferation of cancer cells, in which persistently active JAK3 is expressed, by inducing apoptotic and necrotic/autophagic cell death without affecting other oncogenic signalling. Collectively, tubulosine is a potential small-molecule compound that selectively inhibits JAK3 activity, suggesting that it may serve as a promising therapeutic candidate for treating disorders caused by aberrant activation of JAK3 signalling.


Asunto(s)
Adenosina Trifosfato/metabolismo , Emetina/análogos & derivados , Janus Quinasa 3/antagonistas & inhibidores , Transducción de Señal , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Autofagia/efectos de los fármacos , Sitios de Unión , Línea Celular Tumoral , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Emetina/química , Emetina/farmacología , Humanos , Janus Quinasa 3/metabolismo , Modelos Biológicos , Necrosis , Oncogenes , Factor de Transcripción STAT5/metabolismo , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos
4.
J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem ; 33(1): 657-664, 2018 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29560748

RESUMEN

Cathepsin L of cancer cells has been shown to play an important role in degradation of extracellular matrix for metastasis. In order to reduce cell invasion, cathepsin L propeptide-like proteins which are classified as the I29 family in the MEROPS peptidase database were characterized from Calotropis procera R. Br., rich in cysteine protease. Of 19 candidates, the cloned and expressed recombinant SnuCalCp03-propeptide (rSnuCalCp03-propeptide) showed a low nanomolar Ki value of 2.3 ± 0.2 nM against cathepsin L. A significant inhibition of tumor cell invasion was observed with H1975, HT29, MDA-BM-231, PANC1, and PC3 with a 76, 67, 67, 63, and 79% reduction, respectively, in invasion observed in the presence of 400 nM of the rSnuCalCp03-propeptide. In addition, thermal and pH study showed rSnuCalCp03-propeptide consisting of secondary structures was stable at a broad range of temperatures (30-70 °C) and pH (2-10, except for 5 which is close to the isoelectric point of 5.2).


Asunto(s)
Calotropis/química , Catepsina L/metabolismo , Clonación Molecular , Precursores Enzimáticos/metabolismo , Catepsina L/química , Catepsina L/genética , Línea Celular Tumoral , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Precursores Enzimáticos/química , Precursores Enzimáticos/genética , Humanos , Proteínas Recombinantes/química , Proteínas Recombinantes/genética , Proteínas Recombinantes/metabolismo , Relación Estructura-Actividad
5.
Biomed Eng Online ; 16(1): 48, 2017 Apr 20.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28427408

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Gravity is omnipresent on Earth; however, humans in space, such as astronauts at the International Space Station, experience microgravity. Long-term exposure to microgravity is considered to elicit physiological changes, such as muscle atrophy, in the human body. In addition, certain types of cancer cells demonstrate inhibited proliferation under condition of time-averaged simulated microgravity (taSMG). However, the response of human Hodgkin's lymphoma cancer cells to reduced gravity, and the associated physiological changes in these cells, have not been elucidated. METHODS: In this study, the proliferation of human Hodgkin's lymphoma cancer cells (L-540 and HDLM-2) under taSMG condition (<10-3 G, 1 G is defined as 9.8 m/s2) was studied using a 3D clinostat. Normal human dermal fibroblast (HDF) was proliferated in the same condition as a control group. For the development of 3D clinostat, two motors were used to actuate the frames. Electrical wires for power supply and communication were connected via slip ring. For symmetrical path of gravitational vector, optimal angular velocities of the motors were found using simulation results. Under the condition of taSMG implemented by the 3D clinostat, proliferation of the cells was observed for 3 days. RESULTS: The results indicated that proliferation of these cancer cells was significantly (p < 0.0005) inhibited under taSMG, whereas proliferation of normal HDF cells was not affected. CONCLUSIONS: Findings in this study could be significantly valuable in developing novel strategies for selective killing of cancer cells such as lymphoma.


Asunto(s)
Proliferación Celular , Enfermedad de Hodgkin/patología , Enfermedad de Hodgkin/fisiopatología , Simulación de Ingravidez/instrumentación , Simulación de Ingravidez/métodos , Ingravidez , Apoptosis , Reactores Biológicos , Línea Celular Tumoral , Diseño de Equipo , Análisis de Falla de Equipo , Humanos , Rotación
6.
J Bone Metab ; 29(2): 93-101, 2022 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35718926

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: A rapid increase in bone turnover and bone loss has been observed in response to the discontinuation of denosumab. It led to an acute increase in the fracture risk, similar to that observed in the untreated patients. We aimed to investigate the effect of denosumab on osteoclast (OC) precursor cells compared to that of zoledronate. METHODS: The study compared the effects of denosumab (60 mg/24-week) and zoledronate (5 mg/48-week) over 48 weeks in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. From patients' peripheral mononuclear cells, CD14+/CD11b+/vitronectin receptor (VNR)- and CD14+/CD11b+/VNR+ cells were isolated using fluorescent-activated cell sorting, representing early and late OC precursors, respectively. The primary endpoint was the changes in OC precursors after 48 weeks of treatment. RESULTS: Among the 23 patients, 11 were assigned to the denosumab group and 12 to the zoledronate group (mean age, 69 years). After 48 weeks, the changes in OC precursors were similar between and within the groups. Serum C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen levels were inversely correlated with OC precursor levels after denosumab treatment (r=-0.72, P<0.001). Lumbar spine, femur neck, and total hip bone mineral density (BMD) increased in both groups. Lumbar spine BMD increased more significantly in the denosumab group than in the zoledronate group. CONCLUSIONS: Denosumab and zoledronate treatments induced similar changes in OC precursors. During denosumab treatment, old age and suppressed bone turnover were associated with increased OC precursor cell populations. Further validation studies with prospective designs are required.

7.
Transl Oncol ; 15(1): 101255, 2022 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34742152

RESUMEN

The resistance of highly aggressive glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) to chemotherapy is a major clinical problem resulting in a poor prognosis. GBM contains a rare population of self-renewing cancer stem cells (CSCs) that proliferate, spurring the growth of new tumors, and evade chemotherapy. In cancer, major vault protein (MVP) is thought to contribute to drug resistance. However, the role of MVP as CSCs marker remains unknown and whether MVP could sensitize GBM cells to Temozolomide (TMZ) also is unclear. We found that sensitivity to TMZ was suppressed by significantly increasing the MVP expression in GBM cells with TMZ resistance. Also, MVP was associated with the expression of other multidrug-resistant proteins in tumorsphere of TMZ-resistant GBM cell, and was highly co-expressed with CSC markers in tumorsphere culture. On the other hands, knockdown of MVP resulted in reduced sphere formation and invasive capacity. Moreover, high expression of MVP was associated with tumor malignancy and survival rate in glioblastoma patients. Our study describes that MVP is a potentially novel maker for glioblastoma stem cells and may be useful as a target for preventing TMZ resistance in GBM patients.

8.
Hepatol Commun ; 6(11): 3234-3246, 2022 11.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36153805

RESUMEN

Phospholipase C gamma 1 (PLCγ1) plays an oncogenic role in several cancers, alongside its usual physiological roles. Despite studies aimed at identifying the effect of PLCγ1 on tumors, the pathogenic role of PLCγ1 in the tumorigenesis and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unknown. To investigate the function of PLCγ1 in HCC, we generated hepatocyte-specific PLCγ1 conditional knockout (PLCγ1f/f ; Alb-Cre) mice and induced HCC with diethylnitrosamine (DEN). Here, we identified that hepatocyte-specific PLCγ1 deletion effectively prevented DEN-induced HCC in mice. PLCγ1f/f ; Alb-Cre mice showed reduced tumor burden and tumor progression, as well as a decreased incidence of HCC and less marked proliferative and inflammatory responses. We also showed that oncogenic phenotypes such as repressed apoptosis, and promoted proliferation, cell cycle progression and migration, were induced by PLCγ1. In terms of molecular mechanism, PLCγ1 regulated the activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling. Moreover, PLCγ1 expression is elevated in human HCC and correlates with a poor prognosis in patients with HCC. Our results suggest that PLCγ1 promotes the pathogenic progression of HCC, and PLCγ1/STAT3 axis was identified as a potential therapeutic target pathway for HCC.


Asunto(s)
Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Humanos , Ratones , Animales , Factor de Transcripción STAT3/genética , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/inducido químicamente , Dietilnitrosamina/toxicidad , Neoplasias Hepáticas/inducido químicamente , Fosfolipasa C gamma/genética , Proliferación Celular , Carcinogénesis/genética
9.
Cancers (Basel) ; 12(5)2020 Apr 27.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32349303

RESUMEN

Although prostate cancer is clinically manageable during the early stages of progression, metastatic progression severely compromises the prognosis and leads to mortality. Constitutive activation of STAT3 has been connected to prostate cancer malignancy, and abolishing the STAT3 activity may diminish tumor growth and metastasis. However, its suppressor genes and pathways have not been well established. In this study, we show that promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger (PLZF) has a putative tumor-suppressor function in prostate cancer by inhibiting phosphorylation of STAT3. Compared with a benign prostate, high-grade prostate cancer patient tissue was negatively correlated with PLZF expression. PLZF depletion accelerated proliferation and survival, migration, and invasion in human prostate cancer cells. Mechanistically, we demonstrated a novel role of PLZF as the transcriptional regulator of the tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 that inhibits the oncogenic JAKs-STAT3 pathway. These results suggest that the collapse of PLZF expression by the CCL3 derived from fibroblasts accelerates the cell migration and invasion properties of prostate cancer cells. Our results suggest that increasing PLZF could be an attractive strategy for suppressing prostate cancer metastasis as well as for tumor growth.

10.
Cells ; 9(3)2020 03 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32183406

RESUMEN

Constitutively activated STAT3 plays an essential role in the initiation, progression, maintenance, malignancy, and drug resistance of cancer, including glioblastoma, suggesting that STAT3 is a potential therapeutic target for cancer therapy. We recently identified ODZ10117 as a small molecule inhibitor of STAT3 and suggested that it may have an effective therapeutic utility for the STAT3-targeted cancer therapy. Here, we demonstrated the therapeutic efficacy of ODZ10117 in glioblastoma by targeting STAT3. ODZ10117 inhibited migration and invasion and induced apoptotic cell death by targeting STAT3 in glioblastoma cells and patient-derived primary glioblastoma cells. In addition, ODZ10117 suppressed stem cell properties in glioma stem cells (GSCs). Finally, the administration of ODZ10117 showed significant therapeutic efficacy in mouse xenograft models of GSCs and glioblastoma cells. Collectively, ODZ10117 is a promising therapeutic candidate for glioblastoma by targeting STAT3.


Asunto(s)
Glioblastoma/genética , Factor de Transcripción STAT3/antagonistas & inhibidores , Animales , Línea Celular Tumoral , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Glioblastoma/mortalidad , Humanos , Ratones , Factor de Transcripción STAT3/uso terapéutico , Análisis de Supervivencia , Ensayos Antitumor por Modelo de Xenoinjerto
11.
BMB Rep ; 52(7): 415-423, 2019 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31186087

RESUMEN

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a cytoplasmic transcription factor that regulates cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, inflammation and immune responses. Aberrant STAT3 activation triggers tumor progression through oncogenic gene expression in numerous human cancers, leading to promote tumor malignancy. On the contrary, STAT3 activation in immune cells cause elevation of immunosuppressive factors. Accumulating evidence suggests that the tumor microenvironment closely interacts with the STAT3 signaling pathway. So, targeting STAT3 may improve tumor progression, and anti-cancer immune response. In this review, we summarized the role of STAT3 in cancer and the tumor microenvironment, and present inhibitors of STAT3 signaling cascades. [BMB Reports 2019; 52(7): 415-423].


Asunto(s)
Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias/metabolismo , Factor de Transcripción STAT3/antagonistas & inhibidores , Animales , Antineoplásicos/química , Humanos , Factor de Transcripción STAT3/metabolismo , Microambiente Tumoral/efectos de los fármacos
12.
Sci Rep ; 9(1): 16757, 2019 11 14.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31727938

RESUMEN

Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) can generate solid tumors through the properties of stem cells such as self-renewal and differentiation and they cause drug resistance, metastasis and recurrence. Therefore, establishing CSC lines is necessary to conduct various studies such as on the identification of CSC origin and specific targeted therapies. In this study, we stimulated NIH3T3 fibroblasts to exhibit the characteristics of CSCs using the whole protein lysates of B16F10 melanoma cells. As a result, we induced colony formation that displayed self-renewal and differentiation capacities through anchorage-independent culture and re-attached culture. Moreover, colonies showed drug resistance by being maintained in the G0/G1 state. Colonies expressed various CSC markers and displayed high-level drug efflux capacity. Additionally, colonies clearly demonstrated tumorigenic ability by forming a solid tumor in vivo. These results show that proteins of cancer cells could transform normal cells into CSCs by increasing expression of CSC markers. This study argues the tremendous importance of the extracellular microenvironmental effect on the generation of CSCs. It also provides a simple experimental method for deriving CSCs that could be based on the development of targeted therapy techniques.


Asunto(s)
Fibroblastos/citología , Melanoma Experimental/metabolismo , Melanoma Experimental/patología , Células Madre Neoplásicas/citología , Animales , Técnicas de Cultivo de Célula , Diferenciación Celular , Línea Celular Tumoral , Proliferación Celular , Resistencia a Antineoplásicos , Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Fibroblastos/patología , Ratones , Células 3T3 NIH , Células Madre Neoplásicas/metabolismo , Células Madre Neoplásicas/patología , Células Tumorales Cultivadas , Microambiente Tumoral
13.
Sci Rep ; 8(1): 14646, 2018 10 02.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30279524

RESUMEN

Gravitational forces can impose physical stresses on the human body as it functions to maintain homeostasis. It has been reported that astronauts exposed to microgravity experience altered biological functions and many subsequent studies on the effects of microgravity have therefore been conducted. However, the anticancer mechanisms of simulated microgravity remain unclear. We previously showed that the proliferation of human Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) cells was inhibited when these cells were cultured in time-averaged simulated microgravity (taSMG). In the present study, we investigated whether taSMG produced an anticancer effect. Exposure of human HL cells to taSMG for 2 days increased their reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and NADPH oxidase family gene expression, while mitochondrial mass, ATPase, ATP synthase, and intracellular ATP levels were decreased. Furthermore, human HL cells exposed to taSMG underwent autophagy via AMPK/Akt/mTOR and MAPK pathway modulation; such autophagy was inhibited by the ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine (NAC). These results suggest an innovative therapeutic approach to HL that is markedly different from conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy.


Asunto(s)
Autofagia/fisiología , Enfermedad de Hodgkin/terapia , Mitocondrias/metabolismo , Estrés Oxidativo/fisiología , Simulación de Ingravidez , Acetilcisteína/farmacología , Autofagia/efectos de los fármacos , Línea Celular Tumoral , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Proliferación Celular/fisiología , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Enfermedad de Hodgkin/patología , Humanos , Mitocondrias/efectos de los fármacos , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Estrés Fisiológico/efectos de los fármacos
14.
J Microbiol Biotechnol ; 27(10): 1877-1884, 2017 Oct 28.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28870012

RESUMEN

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been suggested as a primary candidate for cell therapy applications because they have self-renewal and differentiation capabilities. Although they can be expanded in ex vivo system, clinical application of these cells is still limited because they survive poorly and undergo senescence or apoptosis when transplanted and exposed to environmental factors such as oxidative stress. Thus, reducing oxidative stress is expected to improve the efficacy of MSC therapy. The milk protein lactoferrin is a multifunctional iron-binding glycoprotein that plays various roles, including reduction of oxidative stress. Thus, we explored the effect of lactoferrin on oxidative stress-induced senescence and apoptosis of human MSCs (hMSCs). Measurement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) revealed that lactoferrin inhibited the production of hydrogen peroxide-induced intracellular ROS, suggesting lactoferrin as a good candidate as an antioxidant in hMSCs. Pretreatment of lactoferrin suppressed hydrogen peroxide-induced senescence of hMSCs. In addition, lactoferrin reduced hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis via inhibition of caspase-3 and Akt activation. These results demonstrate that lactoferrin can be a promising factor to protect hMSCs from oxidative stress-induced senescence and apoptosis, thus increasing the efficacy of MSC therapy.


Asunto(s)
Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Senescencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Lactoferrina/farmacología , Células Madre Mesenquimatosas/metabolismo , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Caspasa 3/efectos de los fármacos , Supervivencia Celular , Humanos , Peróxido de Hidrógeno/farmacología , Proteínas de Unión a Hierro/fisiología , Proteína Oncogénica v-akt/efectos de los fármacos , Sustancias Protectoras , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos
15.
J Ethnopharmacol ; 194: 83-90, 2016 Dec 24.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27566200

RESUMEN

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Panax ginseng is one of the most well-known medicinal herbs in Korea and China, which has been used for treatment and prevention of cancer, obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Ginsenosides are the major components of P. ginseng, having a wide range of pharmacological activities. Among the ginsenosides, protopanaxadiol (PPD)-types reportedly have potent anti-cancer effects. Rh2 is PPD-type ginsenoside, and two stereoisomeric forms of Rh2 as 20(S)- and 20(R)-Rh2 were selectively isolated recently. AIM OF THE STUDY: The biological activities of Rh2 ginsenosides are known to depend on their differences in stereochemistry. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most lethal neoplasm, and cancer-related death is usually associated with metastasis to other organs. We aimed this study to investigate whether 20(S)- and 20(R)-Rh2 can suppress tumor invasion in human CRC cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 20(S)- and 20(R)-Rh2 were isolated from the roots of ginseng. Human CRC cells were incubated with 20(S)- or 20(R)-Rh2 in the presence or absence of interleukin-6. An MTT assay was used to measure cell viability. Western blot and quantitative real-time PCR analyses were performed to determine levels of expression and phosphorylation. An invasion assay was performed using a Boyden chamber system with the Matrigel-coated membrane to measure cancer cell invasion. RESULTS: 20(S)- and 20(R)-Rh2 showed differential cytotoxic activity. Only 20(S)-Rh2 decreased cancer cell viability. Additionally, 20(S)-Rh2 effectively inhibited IL-6-induced signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation and the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), including MMP-1, -2, and -9, resulting in inhibition of cancer cell invasion. Interestingly, these pharmacological activities of 20(S)-Rh2 were more potent than those of 20(R)-Rh2. Furthermore, combination treatment showed that 20(S)-Rh2 enhanced the sensitization of doxorubicin-treated anti-cancer activities in CRC cells. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrated that ginsenoside 20(S)-Rh2 has therapeutic potential for the treatment with CRC and may be valuable as a combination partner with more classic chemotherapeutic agents, such as doxorubicin, to treat CRC.


Asunto(s)
Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/farmacología , Neoplasias Colorrectales/tratamiento farmacológico , Ginsenósidos/farmacología , Interleucina-6/antagonistas & inhibidores , Janus Quinasa 2/metabolismo , Factor de Transcripción STAT3/metabolismo , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/uso terapéutico , Línea Celular Tumoral , Neoplasias Colorrectales/enzimología , Neoplasias Colorrectales/metabolismo , Doxorrubicina/farmacología , Sinergismo Farmacológico , Ginsenósidos/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Interleucina-6/fisiología , Metaloproteinasas de la Matriz/metabolismo , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos
16.
J Invest Dermatol ; 136(1): 107-16, 2016 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26763430

RESUMEN

T-cell-mediated immune responses play an important role in body protection. However, aberrantly activated immune responses are responsible for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The regulation of pathologic immune responses may be a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of these diseases. Despite that multiple pharmacologic properties of benzoxathiole derivatives have been defined, the molecular mechanisms underlying these properties remain to be clarified. Here, we demonstrated the benzoxathiole derivative 2-cyclohexylimino-6-methyl-6,7-dihydro-5H-benzo[1,3]oxathiol-4-one (BOT-4-one) regulated immune responses and ameliorated experimentally induced inflammatory skin diseases both in vitro and in vivo. BOT-4-one inhibited the differentiation of CD4(+) T-cell subsets by regulating the expression and production of T-cell lineage-specific master transcription factors and cytokines and activating the signal transducer and activator of transcription proteins. In addition, BOT-4-one inhibited TCR-mediated Akt and NF-κB signaling. Topical application of BOT-4-one ameliorated experimentally induced inflammatory skin diseases in mice models such as 2,4,6-trinitrochlorobenzene-induced contact and atopic dermatitis and IL-23-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation. Our study demonstrated that BOT-4-one ameliorates inflammatory skin diseases by suppressing the pathogenic CD4(+) T cell differentiation and overall immune responses.


Asunto(s)
Compuestos Bicíclicos Heterocíclicos con Puentes/farmacología , Dermatitis Alérgica por Contacto/inmunología , Dermatitis Atópica/tratamiento farmacológico , Dermatitis Atópica/inmunología , Inmunomodulación/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Biopsia con Aguja , Diferenciación Celular/inmunología , Células Cultivadas , Dermatitis Alérgica por Contacto/tratamiento farmacológico , Dermatitis Alérgica por Contacto/patología , Dermatitis Atópica/patología , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Inmunohistoquímica , Activación de Linfocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Activación de Linfocitos/inmunología , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , Subgrupos de Linfocitos T/inmunología
17.
Mol Cells ; 38(11): 982-90, 2015 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26537189

RESUMEN

Exposure of the skin to ultraviolet radiation can cause skin damage with various pathological changes including inflammation. In the present study, we identified the skin-protective activity of 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-ß-D-glucose (pentagalloyl glucose, PGG) in ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation-induced human dermal fibroblasts and mouse skin. PGG exhibited antioxidant activity with regard to intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation as well as ROS and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) scavenging. Furthermore, PGG exhibited anti-inflammatory activity, inhibiting the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, resulting in inhibition of the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators. Topical application of PGG followed by chronic exposure to UVB radiation in the dorsal skin of hairless mice resulted in a significant decrease in the progression of inflammatory skin damages, leading to inhibited activation of NF-κB signaling and expression of pro-inflammatory mediators. The present study demonstrated that PGG protected from skin damage induced by UVB radiation, and thus, may be a potential candidate for the prevention of environmental stimuli-induced inflammatory skin damage.


Asunto(s)
Taninos Hidrolizables/farmacología , Sistema de Señalización de MAP Quinasas/efectos de los fármacos , Radiodermatitis/prevención & control , Piel/efectos de los fármacos , Protectores Solares/farmacología , Rayos Ultravioleta/efectos adversos , Animales , Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/farmacología , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Células Cultivadas , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Fibroblastos/efectos de los fármacos , Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Humanos , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Pelados , Proteínas Quinasas Activadas por Mitógenos/antagonistas & inhibidores , FN-kappa B/antagonistas & inhibidores , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Fosforilación/efectos de los fármacos , Piel/metabolismo , Piel/efectos de la radiación
18.
J Microbiol Biotechnol ; 24(6): 869-78, 2014 Jun 28.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24633229

RESUMEN

In this study, we performed two-dimensional electrophoresis with protein extracts from lizard tails, and analyzed the protein expression profiles during the tissue regeneration to identify the dedifferentiation factor. As a result, we identified 18 protein spots among total of 292 spots, of which proteins were specifically expressed during blastema formation. We selected lactoferrin as a candidate because it is the mammalian homolog of leech-derived tryptase inhibitor, which showed the highest frequency among the 18 proteins. Lactoferrin was specifically expressed in various stem cell lines, and enhanced the efficiency of iPSC generation upto approximately 7-fold relative to the control. Furthermore, lactoferrin increased the efficiency by 2-fold without enforced expression of Klf4. These results suggest that lactoferrin may induce dedifferentiation, at least partly by increasing the expression of Klf4.


Asunto(s)
Desdiferenciación Celular , Lactoferrina/química , Lagartos/fisiología , Regeneración , Proteínas de Reptiles/química , Células Madre/citología , Animales , Línea Celular , Electroforesis en Gel Bidimensional , Humanos , Factor 4 Similar a Kruppel , Lactoferrina/genética , Lactoferrina/metabolismo , Lagartos/genética , Masculino , Ratones , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Proteínas de Reptiles/genética , Proteínas de Reptiles/metabolismo , Células Madre/metabolismo , Cola (estructura animal)/química , Cola (estructura animal)/metabolismo
19.
Korean J Physiol Pharmacol ; 16(5): 361-5, 2012 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23118562

RESUMEN

Anti-tumor activity of the proteins from Gecko (GP) on cervical cancer cells, and its signaling mechanisms were assessed by viable cell counting, propidium iodide (PI) staining, and Western blot analysis. GP induced the cell death of HeLa cells in a dose-dependent manner while it did not affect the viability of normal cells. Western blot analysis showed that GP decreased the activation of Akt, and co-administration of GP and Akt inhibitors synergistically exerted anti-tumor activities on HeLa cells, suggesting the involvement of PI3-kinase/Akt pathway in GP-induced cell death of the cancer cells. Indeed, the cytotoxic effect of GP against HeLa cells was inhibited by overexpression of constituvely active form of Akt in HeLa cells. The candidates of the functional proteins in GP were analyzed by Mass-spectrum. Taken together, our results suggest that GP elicits anti-tumor activity against HeLa cells by inhibition of PI3-kinase/Akt pathway.

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