RESUMEN
PURPOSE: To establish the prevalence of ocular involvement in a Colombian population with rheumatologic diseases. DESIGN: Observational cross-sectional study. METHODS: We included a probabilistic sample size of 797 patients who attended a rheumatologic disease center in Bogotá, Colombia. Statistical analysis with descriptive measures and Chi-square independence test between rheumatologic diseases and ophthalmological symptoms and diseases was performed. RESULTS: Eighty-four percent of the population were women, and the mean age was 54.61± 15.64 years. The most common condition was rheumatoid arthritis (33.37%), followed by fibromyalgia (22.71%), Sjögren Syndrome (19.72%), and systemic lupus erythematosus (9.91%). Almost 7% of the patients presented polyautoimmunity. Thirty-five percent of the patients reported one or more ophthalmological symptoms, being dry eye sensation the most common (30.86%), followed by ocular pain (2.76%), red-eye, and decreased visual acuity (both 2.63%). Similarly, 21.45% of the patients presented one or more ophthalmological diagnoses, being keratoconjunctivitis sicca the most common (15.93%), followed by cataract, uveitis (1.38% each), and scleritis (1.25%). CONCLUSION: Almost a third of the patients reported any ocular involvement. It is crucial to be aware of the most common ophthalmic manifestations among the different rheumatologic diseases in our population, to offer early specialist referral and timely treatment.
RESUMEN
Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia de glaucoma en Colombia por grupos de edad y sexo al año 2005, además de su contribución a la discapacidad visual. Métodos y Materiales: se tomaron como casos prevalentes de glaucoma los notificados por el estudio de Carga de Enfermedad Colombia CENDEX 2008 (datos año 2005) y como base poblacional los datos demográficos y de discapacidad del Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística (DANE) para el mismo período. Se estimó la frecuencia del evento por grupos de edad y sexo (prevalencia estandarizada), así como la prevalencia sobre el total de casos de discapacidad visual; los resultados se presentaron en tablas de distribución de frecuencia. Resultados: La prevalencia general de glaucoma en Colombia para el año 2005, fue de 1,1% siendo más común en mujeres (razón de feminidad 2,1:1), contribuyendo al 2,7% del total de discapacidad visual al mismo período. Conclusiones: Se halló la prevalencia de glaucoma en Colombia para el año 2005, por grupos de edad y sexo así como su contribución a la discapacidad visual para el mismo período. Es importante contar con registros actualizados para determinar la prevalencia de esta patología, para así conocer la frecuencia de ésta en la actualidad y su aporte a la discapacidad visual en Colombia. Los resultados de este estudio servirán de partida a quienes diseñen modelos de prevención para el glaucoma como causa prevenible de discapacidad visual.
Objectives: to determine the prevalence of glaucoma in Colombia for 2005 by age and sex groups and its contribution to visual impairment. Methods and materials: prevalent cases were defined as those cases reported with glaucoma by the study Burden of the Diseases in Colombia CENDEX 2008 (2005 data). The population for Colombia for this investigation was defined by the demographics and disability data reported by DANE for 2005. The frequency of the event was estimated by age and sex groups (standardized prevalence), and the prevalence of total cases of visual impairment was also estimated; the results are presented in frequency distribution tables. Results: the overall prevalence of glaucoma in Colombia for 2005 was 1.1%, being more common in women (femininity ratio 2,1:1), contributing to 2.7% of all visual impairment the same period. Conclusions: the prevalence of glaucoma was found in Colombia for 2005, by age and sex groups and its contribution to visual impairment for the same period. It is important to have available updated data in order to determine the prevalence of this pathology, the current frequency and contribution to visual impairment in Colombia. The results of this study will be useful as a starting point to those who design prevention models for glaucoma as a preventable cause of visual impairment.