[Handling of preterm infants in a neonatal intensive care unit]. / A manipulação de prematuros em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal.

While hospitalized in neonatal units, preterm infants undergo various manipulations and procedures that have negative health consequences. The aim of this study was to describe the manipulations that preterm infants are subjected to over a 24-hour period in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). An observational, descriptive, exploratory study was conducted with 20 preterm infants who were filmed continuously in a NICU over a 24-hour period from September 2008 to March 2009. Preterm infants were subjected to an average of 768 manipulations and 1341 procedures. The average duration of the manipulations over the 24-hour period was 2 hours and 26 minutes. Each manipulation included an average of 2.2 procedures, most occurring during the morning shift. Individual manipulations accounted for 65.6% of all manipulations, and most manipulations lasted less than a minute. The results of this study show that preterm infants in the NICU underwent an excessive number of manipulations over the 24-hour period evaluated.

[Prevalence and determinants of exclusive breastfeeding in the city of Serrana, São Paulo, Brazil]. / Prevalência e determinantes do aleitamento materno exclusivo no município de Serrana, São Paulo, Brasil.

The objective of this cross-sectional and quantitative study was to identify the prevalence and determinants of exclusive breastfeeding among infants less than six months of age in the city of Serrana, Sao Paulo, Brazil in 2009. A validated semi-structured questionnaire was administered to the guardians of the children less than six months of age who attended the second phase of a Brazilian vaccination campaign against polio. Univariate and multivariate analysis presented in odds ratios and confidence intervals was accomplished. Of the total of 275 infant participants, only 29.8% were exclusively breastfed. Univariate analysis revealed that mothers who work outside the home without maternity leave, mothers who did not work outside the home, adolescent mothers, and the use of pacifiers have a greater chance of interrupting exclusive breastfeeding. In the multivariate analysis, mothers who work outside the home without maternity leave are three times more likely to wean their children early. Results provide suggestions for the redirection and planning of interventions targeting breastfeeding.

Development and evaluation of an educational video for families on the relief of acute pain in babies.

OBJECTIVE: To develop and evaluate an educational video for active family participation in the relief of acute pain in babies. METHODS: A methodological and experimental study produced at the University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto School of Nursing and at a university hospital in southeastern Brazil, conducted in three operational stages, from January to July 2017. RESULTS: The video lasts nine minutes and 31 seconds, and it was validated by 19 expert judges with a 90% agreement among them for content and appearance items. Regarding the evaluation, 16 family members and pregnant women did it and were favorable to its use as an educational technology for learning. CONCLUSIONS: Both the experts and the target population positively evaluated the video, which can be used as a health education strategy to empower families to engage in the baby pain relief with more autonomy and proactivity.

Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative for Neonatal Wards: impact on breastfeeding practices among preterm infants.

OBJECTIVE: to assess breastfeeding support practices for preterm infants at two Baby-Friendly hospitals in southeastern Brazil, comparing the effect of implementing the guidelines for Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative for Neonatal wards. METHODS: a quasi-experimental study, pre- and post-intervention with control. Implementation of this initiative in the intervention hospital using Knowledge Translation. Data collection on compliance with the adapted Ten Steps, Three Guiding Principles and the Code before and after the intervention was carried out via interviews with mothers of preterm babies and professionals, unit observation and documentary analysis in the intervention and control hospitals. Intra-intergroup comparison was performed. RESULTS: increases in global compliance with the Three Principles, Ten Steps, the Code, partial compliance with each Principle and in most Steps was greater in the intervention hospital. Conclusion: this initiative improved practices related to breastfeeding in the intervention hospital, demonstrating the potential to improve care and breastfeeding in neonatal wards.

Knowledge and attitudes of schoolchildren about the prevention of accidents. / Conhecimentos e atitudes de crianças escolares sobre prevenção de acidentes.

Accidents are frequent in childhood because of the lower risk perception and greater vulnerability to disasters. This study aimed to analyze the knowledge and attitudes of schoolchildren concerning the prevention of accidents and associated factors. This is a cross-sectional and quantitative study conducted in November and December/2017 in Simão Dias, Sergipe, Brazil. Ninety-seven schoolchildren aged between 7 and 9 years of age from a sample calculation were evaluated through interviews with representative images. The results showed that little more than half of the children consider the use of personal protective equipment as a way of preventing injuries in case of accidents (58.8%; n=57), and is infrequent among those with low education level (PR: 0.66; 95%CI: 0.16- 0.99). The knowledge or use of this equipment was 60.8% (n=59) for safety belt, 54.6% (n=53) for helmet, 47.4% (n=46) for knee pad and 40.2% (n=39) for elbow support. Regarding attitudes, 20.6% (n=20) answered that there is no problem putting their (unwashed) hand on the wound and 12.4% (n=12) crossing the street accompanied without an adult. It was concluded that the knowledge and attitudes of schoolchildren concerning the prevention of accidents are misguided.

Os acidentes são frequentes na infância em razão da menor percepção de risco e maior vulnerabilidade à desastres. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os conhecimentos e as atitudes de crianças escolares em relação à prevenção de acidentes e os fatores associados. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo e transversal realizado entre novembro e dezembro de 2017 em Simão Dias, Sergipe, Brasil. A partir de cálculo amostral, foram avaliadas por meio de entrevista com uso de imagens ilustrativas 97 crianças escolares de sete a nove anos. Os resultados mostraram que pouco mais da metade das crianças entrevistadas consideram o uso de equipamentos de proteção individual uma forma de prevenir lesões em casos de acidentes (58,8%; n=57), sendo menos frequente entre as que possuíam menor escolaridade (RP: 0,66; IC95%: 0,16-0,99). O conhecimento e/ou uso desses equipamentos foi de 60,8% (n=59) para cinto de segurança, 54,6% (n=53) para capacete, 47,4% (n=46) para joelheira e 40,2% (n=39) para cotoveleira. Em relação às atitudes, 20,6% (n=20) responderam que não há problemas em colocar a mão (sem lavar) sobre o machucado e 12,4% (n=12) em atravessar a rua sem a companhia de um adulto. Concluiu-se que as crianças escolares avaliadas possuem conhecimentos e atitudes equivocadas sobre prevenção de acidentes.

Mothers' view on late postoperative pain management by the nursing team in children after cardiac surgery.

Postoperative pain management in children is a complex, multidimensional and subjective phenomenon. It represents a challenge for children, parents and health professionals. This study aimed to understand how mothers assess their children's pain management by the nursing team in the late postoperative phase of cardiac surgery. Empirical data collection was carried out through semistructured interviews with 17 mothers who accompanied their children. Data were subject to qualitative analysis, revealing that, for the mothers, taking good care results from the confidence they vest in the nursing team and from the observation of the medication interventions this team performs. Not taking good care of their children is a consequence of lack of information or inadequate communication between the team and the mothers. The results of this study permit identifying aspects that strengthen and weaken nursing care for these clients, contributing to the improvement of the delivered care.

[Nursing diagnoses of premature infant under intermediary care]. / Diagnósticos de enfermagem de prematuros sob cuidados intermediários.

The study aims at identifying nursing diagnoses of premature infants attended in a neonatal intermediary care unit in the countryside of São Paulo State, Brazil. That was a retrospective study conducted from 118 patient records of hospitalized premature infants. The most frequent nursing diagnosis were sleep deprivation (83.1%), risk for infection (76.3%) and dysfunctional family processes (75.4%), belonging to NANDA domains: activity/rest, security/protection and role relations, this order. Study results articulated the diagnosis frequency with NANDA domain to which they belong identifying their approach limitation and main domains pointed in assistance systematization to premature newborn in intermediary care.

Early access to biological neonatal screening: coordination among child care action programs.

OBJECTIVE: To verify factors associated with early newborn access to biological neonatal screening. METHOD: A cross-sectional quantitative study was carried out with all newborns who underwent tests in healthcare units, hospitals, and laboratories of a city in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, with programs linking healthcare information. The following variables were investigated: child's age at collection (dependent); place of collection; date of collection; and type of user (independent). Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied. RESULTS: Records of 15,652 screenings were found in the two years analyzed. In the first year analyzed, 7,955 births and 7,640 (96.0%) tests were recorded, of which 5,586 (73.1%) were undertaken with newborns between three and five days old. In the next year analyzed, 8,316 births and 8,012 (96.3%) screenings were recorded, of which 7,025 (87.6%) were undertaken with newborns in the same age group. A statistically significant association was found between the variables "child's age" and "type of user" in one year, and between the variables "child's age" and "place of collection" in both years. CONCLUSION: Early access to these tests enables the screening of diseases and referral for treatment. The present study contributes to the management of child care programs by presenting strategies linking data and actions to improve access to biological neonatal screening.

Maternal care in the preterm child's family context: A comprehensive look towards the sibling.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze maternal care for siblings of preterm babies hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit. METHOD: Qualitative research using symbolic interactionism as a theoretical reference and narrative research as a methodological reference. Ten mothers were surveyed through semi-structured interviews. RESULTS: Three thematic units emerged from the analysis of data: "social support in the sharing of child care"; "promotion of adaptation to the arrival of a sibling" and "maternal feelings and coping". FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: Care for the premature child's sibling is developed under mothers' physical distance from him/her, justified by the need to remain close to the premature child due to risks and fragility related to the condition.

Exposure and reactivity of the preterm infant to noise in the incubator. / Exposição e reatividade do prematuro ao ruído em incubadora.

PURPOSE: To evaluate preterm infants' exposure and reactions to intense noise during incubator care. METHODS: An observational and prospective study was performed in the intermediary care unit of a hospital in Ribeirão Preto (SP). Thirty-five preterm infants participated in the first stage of the study (measuring noise) and 20 in the second (analysis of responses to intense noise). Noise was measured for two hours using a dosimeter, and the responses were video recorded by three cameras connected to a computer. The preterm infants' responses to an Lmax higher than 65 decibels were analyzed. RESULTS: Every preterm infant presented Leq above the limit recommended by international organizations, and more than half of the babies had a mean Leq above the limit permitted by the Brazilian standard. Regarding the babies' responses to the intense noise, the majority of them showed blink reflex, startle reflex, facial mimics, changed bodily activities or changed sleep and wake state, all with statistically significant differences. CONCLUSION: The sound levels measured were intense. The noises that preterm infants are exposed to while being cared for in incubators constitute a stressor event. Sudden, intense noises change their behavioral state and causes reflexive and bodily responses, facial manifestations and changes in their sleep and wake state.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a exposição e a reatividade do prematuro ao ruído intenso durante o cuidado em incubadora. MÉTODO: Estudo observacional prospectivo na unidade de cuidados intermediários de um hospital de Ribeirão Preto (SP). Na primeira etapa do estudo (dimensionamento do ruído) participaram 35 prematuros e na segunda (análise da reatividade diante de um ruído intenso), 20. O ruído foi mensurado durante duas horas por um dosímetro e a reatividade filmada por três câmeras conectadas no computador. Diante de Lmáx superior a 65 decibéis analisou-se a reatividade dos prematuros. RESULTADOS: Todos os prematuros apresentaram Leq acima do limite recomendado por organizações internacionais e mais da metade dos bebês esteve com Leq médios superiores ao limite permitido em incubadora pela norma brasileira. Diante do ruído intenso, grande parte dos bebês desencadeou reflexo cócleo-palpebral, sobressalto, mímica facial, modificou as atividades corporais ou apresentou padrão de sono e vigília, com diferenças estatisticamente significativas. CONCLUSÃO: Os níveis sonoros mensurados foram intensos. O ruído a que os prematuros estão expostos nas incubadoras durante os cuidados recebidos constitui um evento estressante, modifica o estado comportamental e desencadeia respostas reflexas, corporais, manifestações faciais e mudança no estado de sono e vigília diante dos ruídos intensos e súbitos.

[Assistance to newborns in a family health program]. / Assistência ao recém-nascido em um Programa de Saúde da Família.

This study describes the neonatal health care implemented through the Family Health Program in a unit in Guarapuava, State of Paraná, with the aim of supporting the organization of child health care in a family context. It is a descriptive survey based on data from live birth statements and files of families with babies born between October 1, 2003 and September 30, 2004, totaling 90 infants. The description of how clients were attracted and the verification of care delivery made possible the construction of a newborn health care flow chart. It was found that the flow chart represents a means for identifying the type of demand, the care delivered by each professional, the procedures, the referrals and the returns, as well as the gaps. This made possible for us to visualize the health care schematically, thus contributing to the organization of newborn health care in Family Health Program units.

[Managing postoperative pain in pediatric nursing: searching for subsides to improve nursing care]. / Manejo da dor pós-operatória na enfermagem pediátrica: em busca de subsídios para aprimorar o cuidado.

This study reports on a literature review about child postoperative pain management by nursing professionals, in the period from 1993 to 2005. Three themes were identified: factors influencing nurses' management of child pain, interventions to relieve child pain, and nurses' assessment and response to children's pain experience. Child pain management is a complex act that involves elements of the dimensions related to the children themselves, health professionals and family members. The lack of studies in this area reveals the need for research, with a view to (re)considering pediatric nursing care.

Analgesic effect of kangaroo position method versus sucrose during heel punctures in newborn: randomized clinical trial / Efeitos analgésicos da posição canguru versus sacarose durante punções de calcâneo em recém-nascidos: ensaio clínico randomizado

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: 25% sucrose and kangaroo position are effective for neonatal analgesia in single procedures and sucrose is also effective in repeated procedures. Behavioral and physiological responses and adverse effect on newborns submitted to kangaroo position or 25% sucrose for analgesia were compared in two heel punctures applied during the first hours of life. METHODS: Randomized clinical trial with 80 newborns and 40 mothers. Data were collected during two heel punctures. The kangaroo position was performed for three minutes before, during and three minutes after the punctures. Oral 25% sucrose (0.5 mL/kg) was administered two minutes before the punctures and the newborns were kept in a crib. Each data collection was divided into nine phases. The facial action, crying and heart rate data were analyzed using descriptive and comparative analyses. Facial actions, assessed by the Newborn Facial Coding System scale, was used to test the hypothesis. The frequency of gastric side effects was calculated. Ethical aspects were preserved. RESULTS: Facial actions did not differ (p>0.05) between groups in the two data collections. There were no relevant changes in heart rate between and within groups. The newborns in the kangaroo group cried more than in the sucrose group (p<0.05) in the second collection. In the administration of sucrose, more side effects were observed in the first (p=0.02) and second collection (p=0.007). CONCLUSION: The kangaroo position is as effective as the administration of 25% sucrose to relieve pain resulting from two repeated heel punctures.

RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Sacarose a 25% e posição canguru são efetivos para analgesia neonatal em procedimentos únicos e a sacarose também é efetiva em procedimentos repetidos. Comparou-se as respostas comportamentais e fisiológicas e o efeito adverso entre recém-nascidos submetidos a posição canguru ou sacarose a 25% na analgesia em duas punções de calcâneo, aplicadas durante as primeiras horas de vida. MÉTODOS: Ensaio clínico randomizado com 80 recém-nascidos e 40 mães. Os dados foram coletados durante duas punções de calcâneo. A posição canguru foi realizada por três minutos antes, durante e três minutos após as punções. A sacarose a 25% oral (0,5 mL/kg) foi administrada dois minutos antes das punções e os recém-nascidos permaneceram em berço. Cada coleta de dados foi dividida em nove fases. Os dados da mímica facial, choro e frequência cardíaca foram analisados por meio de análises descritivas e comparativas. A mímica facial, avaliada pela escala Newborn Facial Coding System, foi utilizada para testar a hipótese. A frequência dos efeitos adversos gástricos foi calculada. Os aspectos éticos foram preservados. RESULTADOS: A mímica facial não diferiu (p>0,05) entre os grupos nas duas coletas de dados. Não houve alterações relevantes na frequência cardíaca entre e intragrupos. Os recém-nascidos do grupo canguru choraram mais que no grupo sacarose (p<0,05) na segunda coleta. Na administração de sacarose, foram observados mais efeitos adversos, na primeira (p=0,02) e segunda coleta (p=0,007). CONCLUSÃO: A posição canguru é tão eficaz quanto a administração de sacarose a 25% para aliviar a dor decorrente de duas punções de calcâneo repetidas.

Efeito da estratégia multifacetada EPIQ para melhoria da gestão da dor na vacinação em crianças / The impact of the multifaceted intervention EPIQ on improving pain management in childhood vaccination / Efecto de la estrategia multifacética EPIQ para mejorar el manejo del dolor en la vacunación infantil

Resumo Enquadramento: Knowledge Translation (KT) permite a aplicabilidade eficaz e dinâmica de evidências científicas na prática clínica. Objetivo: Analisar o efeito de uma intervenção multifacetada baseada na KT para capacitação de profissionais de saúde na gestão da dor na vacinação em crianças. Metodologia: Estudo quase-experimental realizado entre agosto e dezembro de 2017, com nove profissionais de enfermagem atuantes em salas de vacinação de duas Unidades Básicas de Saúde do Distrito Federal. Realizou-se as fases Preparação e Implementação da estratégia multifacetada Evidence-based Practice for Improving Quality (EPIQ), na perspectiva da KT. Resultados: As fases da EPIQ permitiram a identificação de barreiras e facilitadores na vacinação em crianças, além do estabelecimento de metas e estratégias e mudança no conhecimento dos profissionais. Houve um acréscimo de 13,9% no percentual médio de respostas corretas no pós-teste (p = 0,036), sendo a temática "gestão da dor" a que apresentou maior efetividade (92,8%). Conclusão: A utilização da estratégia multifacetada EPIQ, baseada na KT, melhorou a aquisição de conhecimentos relacionados à gestão da dor na vacinação em crianças.

Abstract Background: Knowledge Translation (KT) allows the efficient and dynamic use of scientific evidence in clinical practice. Objective: To analyze the impact of a multifaceted KT intervention to train health care professionals in pain management in childhood vaccination. Methodology: This quasi-experimental study was conducted between August and December 2017, with nine nursing professionals working in the vaccination rooms of two Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBSs - Basic Health Units) of the Brazilian Federal District. The "Preparation" and "Implementation" phases of the multifaceted KT intervention Evidence-based Practice for Improving Quality (EPIQ) were conducted. Results: The EPIQ phases allowed identifying the barriers to and facilitators of vaccination in children, establishing objectives and strategies, and improving health professionals' knowledge. There was a 13.9% increase in the mean percentage of correct answers in the posttest (p = 0.036), with the topic "Pain management" presenting the highest score of correct answers (92.8%). Conclusion: Implementing the multifaceted KT intervention EPIQ improved the knowledge of pain management in childhood vaccination.

Resumen Marco contextual: Knowledge Translation (KT) permite la aplicación efectiva y dinámica de la evidencia científica en la práctica clínica. Objetivo: Analizar el efecto de una intervención multifacética basada en la KT para capacitar a los trabajadores de la salud en el manejo del dolor para la vacunación infantil. Metodología: Estudio cuasi experimental realizado entre agosto y diciembre de 2017, con nueve profesionales de enfermería que trabajan en salas de vacunación de dos Unidades Básicas de Salud del Distrito Federal. Se llevaron a cabo las fases de preparación e implementación de la estrategia multifacética Evidence-based Practice for Improving Quality (EPIQ), desde la perspectiva de la KT. Resultados: Las fases de la EPIQ permitieron identificar las dificultades y los facilitadores de la vacunación infantil, además de establecer objetivos, estrategias y cambios en los conocimientos de los profesionales. Hubo un aumento del 13,9% en el porcentaje medio de respuestas correctas en la prueba posterior (p = 0,036), y el tema "tratamiento del dolor" fue el que mostró una mayor eficacia (92,8%). Conclusión: El uso de la estrategia multifacética EPIQ, basada en la KT, mejoró la adquisición de conocimientos relacionados con el manejo del dolor en la vacunación infantil.

Community nursing in Brazil and child care in the family context.

This paper describes the critical elements that characterise current public policy on child and family care in Brazil and discusses the implications of these changes for the practice and teaching of child and family health nursing in Brazil.

[Can breastfeeding promote acute pain relief in newborns?]. / Pode a amamentação promover alívio da dor aguda em recém-nascidos?

This review study aimed to identify the efficacy of breastfeeding and its component aspects (contact, sucking, odor and milk) as nonpharmacological measures for pain relief in newborns. 14 articles from Medline/PubMed were analyzed. We observed methodological differences related to sampling, painful procedures, periods, treatment administration and variables measured. Breastfeeding and its component aspects were perceived as efficient to relieve acute pain. We observed the need for studies to evaluate the analgesic effect of breastfeeding before the painful procedure until recovery. This period is sufficient to achieve the analgesic effect after milk absorption. The interaction between all breastfeeding components must be considered.

[Pain at the neonatal unit under a perspective of nursing staff from a university hospital, Rbeiraõ Peto, SP, Bazil]. / A dor na unidade neonatal sob a perspectiva dos profissionais de enfermagem de um hospital de Ribeirão Preto, SP.

This descriptive study from a qualitative approach aims to describe how the nursing team understands pain assessment and management in newborns at a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). The subjects are 16 nursing professionals. The nursing staff identifies pain when behavioral and physiological changes are present. They use the NIPS scale, although it is not effective in clinical practice. Subjects reveal difficulties in making a difference between pain and stress responses in daily work. They are worried about correct pain management in newborns. The search of knowledge about pain is still incipient, and subjects mostly obtain it through their experiences in newborn care and by exchanging experiences with other professionals. The nursing team needs greater access to specific literature about neonatal pain and training courses that can optimize pain management, thus contributing to a better care capacity and to the newborn's quality of life.

Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative for Neonatal Wards: impact on breastfeeding practices among preterm infants / Iniciativa Hospital Amigo del Niño para Unidades Neonatales: impacto en las prácticas de lactancia materna en prematuros / Iniciativa Hospital Amigo da Criança para Unidades Neonatais: impacto nas práticas do aleitamento em prematuros

ABSTRACT Objective: to assess breastfeeding support practices for preterm infants at two Baby-Friendly hospitals in southeastern Brazil, comparing the effect of implementing the guidelines for Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative for Neonatal wards. Methods: a quasi-experimental study, pre- and post-intervention with control. Implementation of this initiative in the intervention hospital using Knowledge Translation. Data collection on compliance with the adapted Ten Steps, Three Guiding Principles and the Code before and after the intervention was carried out via interviews with mothers of preterm babies and professionals, unit observation and documentary analysis in the intervention and control hospitals. Intra-intergroup comparison was performed. Results: increases in global compliance with the Three Principles, Ten Steps, the Code, partial compliance with each Principle and in most Steps was greater in the intervention hospital. Conclusion: this initiative improved practices related to breastfeeding in the intervention hospital, demonstrating the potential to improve care and breastfeeding in neonatal wards.

RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar las prácticas de atención de la lactancia materna en prematuros en dos hospitales Amigo del Niño en el sureste de Brasil, comparando el efecto de la implementación de los lineamientos de la Iniciativa de Hospitales Amigos del Niño para Unidades Neonatales. Métodos: estudio cuasi-experimental, pre y post intervención con grupo control. Implementación de esta iniciativa en el hospital de intervención mediante la traducción del conocimiento. Recolección de adherencia a los Diez Pasos Adaptados, Tres Principios Rectores y Código antes y después de la intervención realizada mediante entrevistas a madres de prematuros y profesionales, observación de las unidades y análisis documentario en los hospitales de intervención y control. Se realizó una comparación intra e intergrupal. Resultados: el aumento en la adherencia global a los Tres Principios, Diez Pasos y el Código asi como la adherencia parcial a cada Principio y en la mayoría de los Pasos fue mayor en el hospital de intervención que en el control. Conclusión: esta iniciativa mejoró las prácticas relacionadas con la lactancia materna en el hospital de intervención, demostrando el potencial para mejorar la atención y la lactancia materna en las Unidades Neonatales.

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar as práticas assistenciais do aleitamento materno em prematuros de dois hospitais Amigo da Criança do sudeste brasileiro, comparando o efeito da implementação das diretrizes da Iniciativa Hospital Amigo da Criança para Unidades Neonatais. Métodos: estudo quase-experimental, pré e pós-intervenção com controle. Implementação dessa Iniciativa no hospital intervenção com uso da Knowledge Translation. Coleta da adesão aos Dez Passos adaptados, Três Princípios Norteadores e Código antes e após a intervenção realizadas por entrevistas com mães de prematuros e profissionais, observação das unidades e análise documental nos hospitais intervenção e controle. Realizou-se comparação intra-intergrupos. Resultados: o aumento da adesão global aos Três Princípios e Dez Passos, Código, adesão parcial em cada Princípio e na maioria dos Passos foi maior no hospital intervenção que no controle. Conclusão: essa Iniciativa aprimorou as práticas relacionadas ao aleitamento materno no hospital intervenção, demonstrando potencial em aprimorar a assistência e a amamentação nas Unidades Neonatais.

Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative for Neonatal Wards: impact on breastfeeding practices among preterm infants / Iniciativa Hospital Amigo del Niño para Unidades Neonatales: impacto en las prácticas de lactancia materna en prematuros / Iniciativa Hospital Amigo da Criança para Unidades Neonatais: impacto nas práticas do aleitamento em prematuros

ABSTRACT Objective: to assess breastfeeding support practices for preterm infants at two Baby-Friendly hospitals in southeastern Brazil, comparing the effect of implementing the guidelines for Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative for Neonatal wards. Methods: a quasi-experimental study, pre- and post-intervention with control. Implementation of this initiative in the intervention hospital using Knowledge Translation. Data collection on compliance with the adapted Ten Steps, Three Guiding Principles and the Code before and after the intervention was carried out via interviews with mothers of preterm babies and professionals, unit observation and documentary analysis in the intervention and control hospitals. Intra-intergroup comparison was performed. Results: increases in global compliance with the Three Principles, Ten Steps, the Code, partial compliance with each Principle and in most Steps was greater in the intervention hospital. Conclusion: this initiative improved practices related to breastfeeding in the intervention hospital, demonstrating the potential to improve care and breastfeeding in neonatal wards.

RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar las prácticas de atención de la lactancia materna en prematuros en dos hospitales Amigo del Niño en el sureste de Brasil, comparando el efecto de la implementación de los lineamientos de la Iniciativa de Hospitales Amigos del Niño para Unidades Neonatales. Métodos: estudio cuasi-experimental, pre y post intervención con grupo control. Implementación de esta iniciativa en el hospital de intervención mediante la traducción del conocimiento. Recolección de adherencia a los Diez Pasos Adaptados, Tres Principios Rectores y Código antes y después de la intervención realizada mediante entrevistas a madres de prematuros y profesionales, observación de las unidades y análisis documentario en los hospitales de intervención y control. Se realizó una comparación intra e intergrupal. Resultados: el aumento en la adherencia global a los Tres Principios, Diez Pasos y el Código asi como la adherencia parcial a cada Principio y en la mayoría de los Pasos fue mayor en el hospital de intervención que en el control. Conclusión: esta iniciativa mejoró las prácticas relacionadas con la lactancia materna en el hospital de intervención, demostrando el potencial para mejorar la atención y la lactancia materna en las Unidades Neonatales.

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar as práticas assistenciais do aleitamento materno em prematuros de dois hospitais Amigo da Criança do sudeste brasileiro, comparando o efeito da implementação das diretrizes da Iniciativa Hospital Amigo da Criança para Unidades Neonatais. Métodos: estudo quase-experimental, pré e pós-intervenção com controle. Implementação dessa Iniciativa no hospital intervenção com uso da Knowledge Translation. Coleta da adesão aos Dez Passos adaptados, Três Princípios Norteadores e Código antes e após a intervenção realizadas por entrevistas com mães de prematuros e profissionais, observação das unidades e análise documental nos hospitais intervenção e controle. Realizou-se comparação intra-intergrupos. Resultados: o aumento da adesão global aos Três Princípios e Dez Passos, Código, adesão parcial em cada Princípio e na maioria dos Passos foi maior no hospital intervenção que no controle. Conclusão: essa Iniciativa aprimorou as práticas relacionadas ao aleitamento materno no hospital intervenção, demonstrando potencial em aprimorar a assistência e a amamentação nas Unidades Neonatais.

Participação do companheiro da gestante nas consultas de pré-natal: prevalência e fatores associados / Participación del compañero de la embarazada en las consultas prenatales: prevalencia y factores asociados / Participation of the pregnant woman´s partner in pre-natal consultations: prevalence and associated factors

RESUMO Objetivo: identificar a prevalência e fatores associados à participação do companheiro da gestante no pré-natal. Método: estudo transversal realizado entre março e julho de 2018 por meio de entrevista com 655 puérperas de uma regional do Nordeste brasileiro. Estimou-se associações com uso do Qui-quadrado e Razão de Prevalência. Resultados: dentre mulheres com companheiro e que realizaram pré-natal (85,6%; n= 561), a participação do parceiro foi de (44,2%; n=248), sendo maior entre aquelas que planejaram a gravidez (RP: 1,25; IC 95%: 1,07-2,10), desejaram engravidar (RP: 1,22; IC 95%: 1,01-1,98), iniciaram precocemente o acompanhamento (RP: 1,31; IC 95%: 1,01-2,46) e realizaram seis ou mais consultas (RP: 1,49; IC 95%: 1,32-1,81). Houve menor participação entre mulheres com baixa escolaridade (RP: 0,72; IC 95%: 0,39-0,77) e que utilizaram serviço público (RP: 0,65; IC 95%: 0,24-0,85). Conclusão: a baixa prevalência de participação do companheiro da gestante no pré-natal evidencia a necessidade de maior estímulo à sua inclusão neste processo.

RESUMEN Objetivo: identificar la prevalencia y los factores asociados a la participación del acompañante de la gestante en el prenatal. Método: estudio transversal realizado entre marzo y julio de 2018 mediante una entrevista con 655 puérperas de un hospital regional del Nordeste de Brasil. Las asociaciones se estimaron mediante la Chi-cuadrado y la Razón de Prevalencia. Resultados: entre las mujeres con pareja que tuvieron control prenatal (85,6%; n= 561), la participación de la pareja fue (44,2%; n=248), siendo mayor entre las que planificaron el embarazo (PR: 1,25; IC 95%: 1,07-2,10), deseaban quedarse embarazadas (PR: 1,22; IC 95%: 1,01-1,98), iniciaron precozmente un seguimiento (PR: 1,31; IC 95%: 1,01-2,46) y tenían seis o más consultas (PR: 1,49; IC 95%: 1,32-1,81). La participación fue menor entre las mujeres con bajo nivel educativo (RP: 0,72; IC 95%: 0,39-0,77) y que utilizaron los servicios públicos (RP: 0,65; IC 95%: 0,24-0,85). Conclusión: la baja prevalencia de participación del acompañante de la gestante en el prenatal evidencia la necesidad de un mayor estímulo a su inclusión en este proceso.

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the prevalence and factors associated with the participation of the pregnant woman's partner in prenatal care. Method: cross-sectional study conducted between March and July 2018 by interviewing 655 puerperal from a regional office in Northeastern Brazil. Associations were estimated using Chi-square and Prevalence Ratio. Results: Among women with a partner who had prenatal care (85.6%; n= 561), the partner's participation was (44.2%; n=248), being higher among those who planned pregnancy (PR: 1.25; 95% CI: 1.07-2.10), desired to become pregnant (PR: 1.22; 95% CI: 1.01-1.98), initiated early follow-up (PR: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.01-2.46), and had six or more consultations (PR: 1.49; 95% CI: 1.32-1.81). There was lower participation among women with low education (PR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.39-0.77) and who used public services (PR: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.24-0.85). Conclusion: the low prevalence of the pregnant woman's companion participation in prenatal care highlights the need to further encourage their inclusion in this process.