A survey on predicting microbe-disease associations: biological data and computational methods.

Various microbes have proved to be closely related to the pathogenesis of human diseases. While many computational methods for predicting human microbe-disease associations (MDAs) have been developed, few systematic reviews on these methods have been reported. In this study, we provide a comprehensive overview of the existing methods. Firstly, we introduce the data used in existing MDA prediction methods. Secondly, we classify those methods into different categories by their nature and describe their algorithms and strategies in detail. Next, experimental evaluations are conducted on representative methods using different similarity data and calculation methods to compare their prediction performances. Based on the principles of computational methods and experimental results, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of those methods and propose suggestions for the improvement of prediction performances. Considering the problems of the MDA prediction at present stage, we discuss future work from three perspectives including data, methods and formulations at the end.

Drug-drug similarity measure and its applications.

Drug similarities play an important role in modern biology and medicine, as they help scientists gain deep insights into drugs' therapeutic mechanisms and conduct wet labs that may significantly improve the efficiency of drug research and development. Nowadays, a number of drug-related databases have been constructed, with which many methods have been developed for computing similarities between drugs for studying associations between drugs, human diseases, proteins (drug targets) and more. In this review, firstly, we briefly introduce the publicly available drug-related databases. Secondly, based on different drug features, interaction relationships and multimodal data, we summarize similarity calculation methods in details. Then, we discuss the applications of drug similarities in various biological and medical areas. Finally, we evaluate drug similarity calculation methods with common evaluation metrics to illustrate the important roles of drug similarity measures on different applications.

High-efficiency broadband achromatic metalenses for visible full-stokes polarization imaging.

Polarization-imaging technology has important applications in target detection, communication, biomedicine, and other fields. A polarization imaging system based on metalenses, which provides new possibilities for the realization of highly integrated full-Stokes polarization imaging systems, can solve the problems of traditional polarization imaging systems, such as complex structures, large volumes, and the inability to simultaneously obtain linear and circular polarization states. However, currently designed metalens arrays that can achieve real-time full-Stokes polarization imaging can generally only be used for monochromatic detection, which significantly limits the amount of measured information of the object. Broad-spectrum polarization color imaging allows more image degrees of freedom, enabling more accurate characterization of polarization for multi-target object scenes in complex environments. To achieve broad-spectrum polarization imaging, we propose and design a metalens array that can achieve full-Stokes polarization imaging in the broadband visible range, in which the design process of metalenses for splitting and focusing broadband orthogonal circularly polarized light is emphasized. To design metalenses that can achieve polarization splitting and efficient focusing, we simulate and optimize the height and period of the nano-units and show that smaller periods and larger heights do not always result in higher-performance devices when designing multifunctional metalenses. The designed metalens array can split and diffraction-limited focus the orthogonal polarized incident light to the designated position with average focusing efficiencies of 59.2% under 460-680 nm TM linearly polarized light, 53.1% under TE linearly polarized light, 58.8% under left-handed circularly polarized light, and 52.7% under right-handed circularly polarized light. The designed metalenses can be applied to imaging systems, such as polarization imaging and polarization light-field imaging systems.

[Research Status of and Recommendations for Prevention and Control of Sleep Disorders in China].

The quality of sleep, a key physiological factor that regulates information, memory, decision making, and other vital brain functions, can affect important physiological functions of the human body. According to disease classification systems, sleep disorders can be categorized into more than 90 types, including sleep apnea, insomnia, and hypersomnia. It may cause a variety of adverse consequences, such as depression, anxiety and other emotional disorders, as well as physical diseases such as hypertension, diabetes and stroke. In addition, the relevant cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and cognitive impairment not only harm physical health, but also are associated with workplace accidents and safety problems, constituting public safety hazards. Sleep disorders have become a major social and scientific problem that impacts on the national economy and the livelihood of the people. Research on sleep disorders should be given more attention by researchers and policy makers. Herein, we mainly discussed the latest findings and difficulties concerning research on the prevention and intervention of sleep disorders and proposed strategies and suggestions accordingly.

Current status and etiology of valvular heart disease in China: a population-based survey.

BACKGROUND: The epidemiology of valvular heart disease (VHD) has changed markedly over the last 50 years worldwide, and the prevalence and features of VHD in China are unknown. The objective of this study was to investigate the current status and etiology of VHD in China. METHODS: We used a cross-sectional national survey with stratified multistage random sampling from the general Chinese population to estimate the VHD burden. Data on demographic characteristics, medical history, physical examination, blood tests, and potential etiology were collected. Echocardiography was used to detect VHD. RESULTS: The national survey enrolled 34,994 people aged 35 years or older across China. Overall, 31,499 people were included in the final analysis, and 1309 participants were diagnosed with VHD. The weighted prevalence was 3.8%, with an estimated 25 million patients in China. The prevalence of VHD increased with age and was higher in participants with hypertension or chronic kidney disease than in their counterparts. Among participants with VHD, 55.1% were rheumatic and 21.3% were degenerative. The proportion of rheumatic decreased with age, and the proportion of degenerative rose with age. However, the prevalence of rheumatic disease was still higher in the elderly population than in the younger population. Logistic regression revealed that age and hypertension were correlated with VHD. CONCLUSIONS: In China, rheumatic heart disease was still the major cause of the VHD, with a significant increase in degenerative heart disease. Age and hypertension are important and easily identifiable markers of VHD.

Generation of a multiplex mutagenesis population via pooled CRISPR-Cas9 in soya bean.

The output of genetic mutant screenings in soya bean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] has been limited by its paleopolypoid genome. CRISPR-Cas9 can generate multiplex mutants in crops with complex genomes. Nevertheless, the transformation efficiency of soya bean remains low and, hence, remains the major obstacle in the application of CRISPR-Cas9 as a mutant screening tool. Here, we report a pooled CRISPR-Cas9 platform to generate soya bean multiplex mutagenesis populations. We optimized the key steps in the screening protocol, including vector construction, sgRNA assessment, pooled transformation, sgRNA identification and gene editing verification. We constructed 70 CRISPR-Cas9 vectors to target 102 candidate genes and their paralogs which were subjected to pooled transformation in 16 batches. A population consisting of 407 T0 lines was obtained containing all sgRNAs at an average mutagenesis frequency of 59.2%, including 35.6% lines carrying multiplex mutations. The mutation frequency in the T1 progeny could be increased further despite obtaining a transgenic chimera. In this population, we characterized gmric1/gmric2 double mutants with increased nodule numbers and gmrdn1-1/1-2/1-3 triple mutant lines with decreased nodulation. Our study provides an advanced strategy for the generation of a targeted multiplex mutant population to overcome the gene redundancy problem in soya bean as well as in other major crops.

1,25(OH)2D3 provides protection against diabetic kidney disease by downregulating the TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB pathway.

The over-activation of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) is a typical immune response to injury. Previous work has suggested that controlling the over-activation of TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB may represent a new therapeutic option for diabetic kidney disease (DKD). 1,25(OH)2D3 has also been shown to exert a protective effect on DKD, although the mechanism involved has yet to be elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate whether 1,25(OH)2D3 protects against DKD by down-regulating the innate immune TLR-NF-κB pathway. NRK-52E cells were cultured under normal or high-glucose conditions. We then used siRNA to knock down TLR4 expression under high-glucose conditions. NRK-52E cells cultured under high-glucose conditions, and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats, were treated with different doses of 1,25(OH)2D3 and used as in vitro and in vivo models, respectively. Renal biochemical indicators were then measured to evaluate the influence of 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment on DKD in diabetic rats. Histological analysis was also performed to determine the extent of infiltration by inflammatory cells and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Using RT-qPCR, western blotting, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence, we determined the expression levels of TLR4, MyD88, NF-κB p65, MCP-1 and α-SMA to investigate whether 1,25(OH)2D3 could reduce the development of tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Knocking down TLR4 abolished the tubulointerstitial fibrosis caused by high-glucose conditions. High doses of 1,25(OH)2D3 consistently reduced the expression of TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB in NRK-52E cells. Moreover, high doses of 1,25(OH)2D3 had an obvious protective effect on kidney injury and inhibited the infiltration of inflammatory cells and tubulointerstitial fibrosis in diabetic rats. In conclusion, high doses of 1,25(OH)2D3 protected against tubulointerstitial fibrosis both in vitro and in vivo by downregulating the expression of TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB.

High-Accuracy Correction of a Microlens Array for Plenoptic Imaging Sensors.

Microlens array (MLA) errors in plenoptic cameras can cause the confusion or mismatching of 4D spatio-angular information in the image space, significantly affecting the accuracy and efficiency of target reconstruction. In this paper, we present a high-accuracy correction method for light fields distorted by MLA errors. Subpixel feature points are extracted from the microlens subimages of a raw image to obtain correction matrices and perform registration of the corresponding subimages at a subpixel level. The proposed method is applied for correcting MLA errors of two different categories in light-field images, namely form errors and orientation errors. Experimental results show that the proposed method can rectify the geometric and intensity distortions of raw images accurately and improve the quality of light-field refocusing. Qualitative and quantitative comparisons between images before and after correction verify the performance of our method in terms of accuracy, stability, and adaptability.

Rectification of Images Distorted by Microlens Array Errors in Plenoptic Cameras.

A plenoptic cameras is a sensor that records the 4D light-field distribution of target scenes. The surface errors of a microlens array (MLA) can cause the degradation and distortion of the raw image captured by a plenoptic camera, resulting in the confusion or loss of light-field information. To address this issue, we propose a method for the local rectification of distorted images using white light-field images. The method consists of microlens center calibration, geometric rectification, and grayscale rectification. The scope of its application to different sized errors and the rectification accuracy of three basic surface errors, including the overall accuracy and the local accuracy, are analyzed through simulation of imaging experiments. The rectified images have a significant improvement in quality, demonstrating the provision of precise light-field data for reconstruction of real objects.

The Multivariate Regression Statistics Strategy to Investigate Content-Effect Correlation of Multiple Components in Traditional Chinese Medicine Based on a Partial Least Squares Method.

Amultivariate regression statisticstrategy was developed to clarify multi-components content-effect correlation ofpanaxginseng saponins extract and predict the pharmacological effect by components content. In example 1, firstly, we compared pharmacological effects between panax ginseng saponins extract and individual saponin combinations. Secondly, we examined the anti-platelet aggregation effect in seven different saponin combinations of ginsenoside Rb1, Rg1, Rh, Rd, Ra3 and notoginsenoside R1. Finally, the correlation between anti-platelet aggregation and the content of multiple components was analyzed by a partial least squares algorithm. In example 2, firstly, 18 common peaks were identified in ten different batches of panax ginseng saponins extracts from different origins. Then, we investigated the anti-myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury effects of the ten different panax ginseng saponins extracts. Finally, the correlation between the fingerprints and the cardioprotective effects was analyzed by a partial least squares algorithm. Both in example 1 and 2, the relationship between the components content and pharmacological effect was modeled well by the partial least squares regression equations. Importantly, the predicted effect curve was close to the observed data of dot marked on the partial least squares regression model. This study has given evidences that themulti-component content is a promising information for predicting the pharmacological effects of traditional Chinese medicine.

Correction model for microlens array assembly error in light field camera.

In a light field camera, a microlens array (MLA) assembly error can affect the quality of the image. In this study, aiming to ensure corrective imaging using a light field camera, we accurately evaluate and eliminate the assembly error. We used an error image and a standard image to confirm the MLA assembly error, and we developed an assembly error correction model combined with an image quality evaluation index to correct the error. The proposed error correction model can be employed for various assembly errors and different error ranges. Quantitative analyses are performed for these different scenarios. The proposed model can be applied in accurate imaging using a light field camera, four-dimensional optical radiation field information reconstitution, MLA manufacturing and assembly processes, etc.

Applying the pre-intentional phase of the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) Model to investigate factors associated with intention on consistent condom use with various types of female sex partners among males who inject drugs in China.

Both drug injection and sexual transmission are the primary drivers of the HIV epidemic in China. This study investigated the prevalence and associated factors of intention of consistent condom use during sexual intercourse with female regular partners (RP), non-regular partners (NRP) and sex workers (FSW) among male people who inject drugs (PWID)in China. A total of 529 male non-institutionalized PWID aged 18-45 years with negative/unknown HIV status were recruited by multiple methods in Dazhou and Hengyang, China. The constructs of the pre-intention phase of the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) Model, including partner-specific HIV risk perception, condom use positive outcome expectancies, condom use negative outcome expectancies, and self-efficacy of condom use, were assessed. The prevalence of behavioral intention of consistent condom use with RP, NRP, and FSW was 32.1%, 49.1%, and 63.6%, respectively. In multivariate stepwise analysis, conditional risk perception of HIV transmission via unprotected sex with RP/NRP/FSW was associated with intention of consistent condom use with these types of female sex partners (multivariate odds ratio (ORm) = 3.25-7.06). Condom use negative outcome expectancies were associated with intention of consistent condom use with RP and NRP (ORm = 0.30-0.46), while condom use self-efficacy was associated with intention of consistent condom use with RP and FSW in the next six months (ORm = 2.24-3.81). Male PWID are at high risk of HIV transmission through sexual behaviors. The pre-intention phase of the HAPA model may be applied to plan interventions to increase behavioral intention of consistent condom use with various types of female partners. Such interventions are warranted.

Nitrogen inhibition of nitrogenase activity involves the modulation of cytosolic invertase in soybean nodule.

Legume symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF) is suppressed by inorganic N in the soil. High N inhibition of nitrogenase activity is associated with the deprivation of carbon allocation and metabolism in nodules. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we identify GmCIN1 which encodes a cytosolic invertase, as a gateway for the N-tuning of sucrose utilization in nodules. GmCIN1 is enriched in mature soybean nodules and its expression is regulated by nitrogen status. The knockout of GmCIN1 using genome editing partially mimicks the inhibitory effects of N on nitrogenase activity and sugar content and the impact of high N on nodule transcriptomes. This indicates that GmCIN1 partially mediates the high N inhibition of nodule activity. Moreover, ChIP-qPCR and EMSA reveal that SNAP1/2 transcription factors directly bind to the GmCIN1 promoter. In addition, SNAP1/2 may be involved in the repression of GmCIN1 expression in mature nodules at high N concentrations. Our findings provide insights into the involvement of the transcriptional tuning of C metabolism genes by N-signaling modulators in the N-induced inhibition of nitrogenase activity.

SCN-MLTPP: A Multi-Label Classifier for Predicting Therapeutic Properties of Peptides Using the Stacked Capsule Network.

Identifying the function of therapeutic peptides is an important issue in the development of novel drugs. To reduce the time and labor costs required to identify therapeutic peptides, computational methods are increasingly required. However, most of the existing peptide therapeutic function prediction models are used for predicting a single therapeutic function, ignoring the fact that a bioactive peptide might simultaneously consist of multi-activities. Furthermore, in the few existing multi-label classification models, the feature extraction procedures are still rough. We propose a multi-label framework, called SCN-MLTPP, with a stacked capsule network for predicting the therapeutic properties of peptides. Instead of using peptide sequence vectors alone, SCN-MLTPP extracts different view representation vectors from the therapeutic peptides and learns the contributions of different views to the properties of therapeutic peptides based on the dynamic routing mechanism. Benchmarking results show that as compared with existing multi-label predictors, SCN-MLTPP achieves better and more robust performance for different peptides. In addition, some visual analyses and case studies also demonstrate the model can reliably capture features from multi-view data and predict different peptides.

Self-Healing Coating with a Controllable Release of Corrosion Inhibitors by Using Multifunctional Zinc Oxide Quantum Dots as Valves.

As an intelligent response system, self-healing anticorrosion materials containing nanocontainers have aroused increasing demands. It is highly expected that the nanocontainers can rapidly respond on corrosion signals to efficiently release corrosion inhibitors, meanwhile to avoid an undesirable leakage before the local corrosion happening. Herein, zinc oxide quantum dot (ZnO-QD)-sealed hollow mesoporous TiO2 nanocontainers loading with 14.2% benzotriazole (BTA) inhibitor have been successfully prepared [hollow mesoporous titanium dioxide nanospheres (HMTNs)-BTA@ZnO-QDs]. ZnO-QDs play the multifunctional roles on anticorrosion of the self-healing coating. The corrosion tests of coatings on the carbon steel well demonstrate that ZnO-QDs can not only act as a valve to seal and release BTA on the time but also act as a precursor to produce the protective film of Zn(OH)2 by the reaction of Zn2+ ions with OH- around the cathode region to inhibit the corrosion of carbon steel. After being soaked in 3.5% NaCl solution for 30 days, the |Z|0.01 Hz value of the coating with HMTNs-BTA@ZnO-QDs still maintains at 2.87 × 107 Ω cm2. Once the defects are formed in the coating, the acid-responsive ZnO-QD valves are rapidly decomposed to release BTA inhibitor; meanwhile, the resulted Zn(OH)2 layer prevent the carbon steel substrate from corrosion in the cathode area. Therefore, it could be promising that the present design of the nanocontainers matching with the multifunctional ZnO-QDs can offer a valuable strategy to construct the self-healing and anticorrosion coatings with a multiresponse to the corrosion environment.

The prevalence of hypertension in Chinese adolescents aged 15-17 years: A comparison of different criteria.

This study intended to compare the prevalence of hypertension in adolescents aged 15-17 years in China according to different criteria defined by various guidelines. We included 28 715 adolescents aged 15-17 years from the China Hypertension Survey study (CHS) 2012-2015, and the 2017 American Association of Pediatrics (AAP) Clinical Practice Guideline and 2018 Chinese guidelines for children and adults were used to define hypertension. The prevalence of hypertension among Chinese adolescents aged 15-17 years was 24.4% according to the 2018 Chinese guidelines for children; the corresponding values were 18.6% according to the 2017 AAP Guidelines, and 3.5% according to 2018 Chinese guidelines for adults. The age-specific prevalence of hypertension in the age of 15, 16, and 17 years in the same population was 26.2%, 24.4%, and 23.3% according to 2018 Chinese guidelines for children; 18.8%, 17.9%, and 19.2% as per the 2017 AAP Guidelines; 3.4%, 3.4%, and 3.6% as per the 2018 Chinese guidelines for adults. A highest prevalence of hypertension was observed according to 2018 Chinese guidelines for children than the other two guidelines. Compared with the 2018 Chinese guidelines for children, a higher 95th percentile BP (systolic and diastolic) was also observed in the present study in each gender-age-height-specific group. And the height, which was key factor to influence blood pressure, was similar between adolescents aged 15-17 and adults, and a paralleled result was seen in the present study. Therefore, the 2018 Chinese guidelines for adults may also be appropriate for adolescents aged 15-17 years.

Hypertension-mediated organ damage and established cardiovascular disease in patients with hypertension: the China Hypertension Survey, 2012-2015.

Hypertension is a major health burden worldwide. However, there is limited data on the status of hypertension-mediated organ damage (HMOD) and established cardiovascular (CV) disease in Chinese hypertensive patients. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of HMOD and established CV disease in a nationally representative population in China. A stratified multistage random sampling method was used in the China Hypertension Survey and 21,243 participants aged 35 or older were eligible for analysis in this study. For each participant, the demographic information and a self-reported medical history were acquired. Blood pressure was measured with the electronic device 3 times on the right arm, supported at heart level, after the participant was sitting at rest for 5 min. Samples of blood and urine were tested. 2-D and Doppler echocardiography were used to assess the heart's function and structures. Sampling weights were calculated based on the 2010 China population census data. Overall, the weighted prevalence of asymptomatic HMOD was 22.1%, 28.9%, 23.1%, 6.4%, and 6.2% for wide pulse pressure, left ventricular hypertrophy, microalbuminuria, chronic kidney disease, and abnormal ankle-brachial index, respectively. For the established CV disease, the weighted prevalence was 1.8%, 1.3%, 2.0%, and 1.1% for stroke, coronary artery disease, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation, respectively. The prevalence of asymptomatic HMOD and established CV disease was greater with higher blood pressure level (P < 0.05), rather than ankle-brachial index. Compared to those with uncontrolled hypertension, the prevalence of asymptomatic HMOD was lower in patients with controlled hypertension. In summary, the prevalence of HMOD in Chinese people aged 35 or older was very common, indicating a substantial future burden of both morbidity and mortality from hypertension in China. Clinical trial registration number: ChiCTR-ECS-14004641.

Correlation of in vivo bladder blood flow measurements with tissue hypoxia.

AIMS: Obstructive bladder dysfunction is in part due to reduced blood flow and the resulting ischemia of the bladder smooth muscle and mucosa. Our aim was to determine if the severity and localization of ischemia could be determined by measuring blood flow to the bladder with a non-invasive probe placed on the surface of the urothelium. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-four adult male rabbits (5 months, 3.5-4.0 kg) were divided into three groups: 1-controls; 2-2 h of bilateral ischemia; and 3-partial outlet obstruction, and were evaluated after 2 weeks. Each rabbit received an intraperitoneal injection of Hypoxyprobe-1. In vivo real-time monitoring of blood flow was measured at five sites within the bladders with a laser Doppler flowmeter. RESULTS: For all groups, the blood flow readings showed no significant differences among the five sites. The ischemic bladders showed significant decreases in blood flow. The obstructed bladders had significantly lower blood flow than the ischemic bladders. The hypoxyprobe studies demonstrated that there was no hypoxia present in the control bladders; the mucosa of the ischemic bladders showed even hypoxia at an intermediate concentration; the obstructed bladders showed dense but even staining. CONCLUSION: We have demonstrated that we can determine the severity of ischemia by surface measurement of blood flow.

Prevalence of overweight and obesity in China: Results from a cross-sectional study of 441 thousand adults, 2012-2015.

OBJECTIVES: Obesity has become a global health public problem. The study aims to examine the latest prevalence of overweight and obesity in China. METHODS: Data came from the China Hypertension Survey (CHS), a nationally representative cross-sectional study among residents aged ≥18 years from October 2012 to December 2015. Overweight and obesity were defined as 25≤BMI<30kg/m2 and BMI≥30kg/m2 according to the WHO classifications, respectively. RESULTS: The data of 441 306 participants were analyzed. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 28.1% and 5.2% respectively. The prevalence of overweight and obesity varied considerably across provinces. The prevalence of overweight was the highest in Beijing, which was 2.8 fold of the lowest in Guangxi (40.9% vs. 14.6%). The prevalence of obesity was the highest in Tianjin, which was 9.4 fold of the lowest in Hainan (12.2% vs. 1.3%). There was a striking north-south gradient with the prevalence higher in Northeast and Northwest China and lower in Southeast China. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that sex, age, education, smoking, marital status and family history of cardiovascular disease were significantly associated with overweight and obesity. CONCLUSIONS: Overweight and obesity are highly prevalent among Chinese adults, and their prevalence varies greatly among different population subgroups and provinces. National and provincial obesity control and prevention strategies should be public health priorities in China.

Effect of a Workplace-Based Multicomponent Intervention on Hypertension Control: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: A workplace-based intervention could be an effective approach to managing high blood pressure (BP). However, few studies to date have addressed hypertension control among the Chinese working population. Objective: To assess the effect of a workplace-based, multicomponent intervention strategy on improving BP control. Design, Setting, and Participants: A cluster randomized clinical trial of a hypertension management program was conducted from January 2013 to December 2014 in 60 workplaces across 20 urban regions in China. Workplaces were randomized to either the intervention group (n = 40) or control group (n = 20). Employee participants in each workplace were asked to complete a cross-sectional survey. Data analysis on an evaluable population was conducted from January 2016 to January 2017. Interventions: The 2-year intervention included 2 components: (1) a workplace wellness program for improving employees' cardiovascular health and (2) a guidelines-oriented hypertension management protocol with a community health center intervention accompanied by monthly visits for achieving BP control over a period of 24 months. Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcome was the change in BP control rate from baseline to 24 months among employees with hypertension in the intervention and control groups. The secondary outcomes were the changes in BP level and lifestyle factors by the end of the trial. Results: Overall, 4166 participants (3178 in the intervention group and 988 in the control group) were included (mean [SD] age, 46.3 [7.6] years; 3451 men [82.8%]). Blood pressure control rate at baseline was 19.5% in the intervention group and 20.1% in the control group. After 24 months of the intervention, the BP control rate for the intervention group compared with the control group was significantly higher (66.2% vs 44.0%; odds ratio, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.58-2.00; P < .001). The intervention effect on systolic BP level was -5.8 mm Hg (95% CI, -6.8 to -4.9 mm Hg; P < .001) and on diastolic BP level was -3.6 mm Hg (95% CI, -4.4 to -2.9 mm Hg; P < .001). The BP control rate showed a gradual increment throughout the whole duration in the intervention group. Moreover, greater reduction was reported in the rates of drinking (-18.4%; 95% CI, -20.6% to -16.2%; P < .001), perceived stress (-22.9%; 95% CI, -24.8% to -21.1%; P < .001), and excessive use of salt (-32.0%; 95% CI, -33.7% to -30.4%; P < .001). Conclusions and Relevance: This trial found that a workplace-based, multicomponent intervention appeared to be more effective than usual care, leading to measurable benefits such as lower blood pressure, improved hypertension control, and adoption of healthy lifestyle habits. The intervention can therefore be considered for large-scale use or inclusion in hypertension control programs in workplaces in China and other countries. Trial Registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry No. ChiCTR-ECS-14004641.