Role of lncRNA-ENST00000412010 in regulating nasopharyngeal cancer cell survival.

BACKGROUND: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a rare tumor with highly recurrent and lack of effective treatment. Long non- coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to play roles in various cancers including NPC. METHODS: In the current study, two cell lines of NPC (CNE-2Z and 5-8F cells) were transfected with short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting lncRNA-ENST00000412010 (shlncRNA) or control shRNA (shControl). Cell proliferation, survival, in vitro colony formation, and in vivo xenograft tumor formation were then investigated. RESULTS: The study found that cells transfected with shlncRNA grew significantly slower than the cells transfected with shControl as measured on day 5; increased in Annexin V expression; decreased in colony formation; and smaller in xenograft tumor size on day 45. Expression of DNA damage-inducible transcript 3, dual specificity protein phosphatase 5, insulin receptor substrate 1, interleukin-6, and tribbles homolog 3 genes was significantly up-regulated in the cells transfected with shlncRNA, while gene expression of matrix metalloproteinase-7 and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 inhibitor B was significantly down-regulated in the cells transfected with shlncRNA. Immunoblotting assay confirmed DUSP5 protein was significantly increased while proteins of MMP-7 and CDKN2B were significantly lower in the cells lacking lncRNA than that of the control cells. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggested that lncRNA-ENST00000412010 plays a role in modulating NPC survival and tumorigenesis through regulating molecules associated with cell cycle and protein phosphatase.

The effect of miR-224 down-regulation on SW80 cell proliferation and apoptosis and weakening of ADM drug resistance.

Since this article has been suspected of research misconduct and the corresponding authors did not respond to our request to prove originality of data and figures, "The effect of miR-224 down-regulation on SW80 cell proliferation and apoptosis and weakening of ADM drug resistance, by C.-Q. Liang, Y.-M. Fu, Z.-Y. Liu, B.-R. Xing, Y. Jin, J.-L. Huang, published in Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2017; 21 (21): 5008-5016-PMID: 29164556" has been withdrawn. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. https://www.europeanreview.org/article/13747.

[The role of transcription factors in differentiation and development of the olfactory epithelium stem cells].

As a sensor of the olfactory system, olfactory epithelium plays an important role in the olfactory system. In addition, olfactory epithelium is the only neuroepithelial epithelium in mammals that can maintain its self-renewal all along. There are of great significance in researching regenerating and repairing neural tissues, transplanting and treatment neural stem cells as well as the occurrence of olfactory disorders and intervention. This review will describe the characteristics of olfactory epithelial stem cells, and mainly summerize the function and significance of each transcription factor in the process of olfactory epithelial stem cell development and differentiation, in order to provide new ideas for the study of olfactory epithelial stem cells.

The effect of miR-224 down-regulation on SW80 cell proliferation and apoptosis and weakening of ADM drug resistance.

OBJECTIVE: Glycogen synthase kinase-3ß (GSK-3ß) can phosphorylate and degrade ß-catenin, and negatively regulates Wnt/ß-catenin signal pathway. MiR-224 up-regulation is associated with colorectal cancer (CRC). Bioinformatics analysis showed complementary binding sites between miR-224 and GSK-3ß. This study investigated if miR-224 plays a role in mediating GSK-3ß expression, Wnt/ß-catenin pathway activity, CRC cell proliferation, apoptosis as well as drug sensitivity of Adriamycin (ADM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Dual luciferase gene reporter assay demonstrated the regulatory relationship between miR-224 and GSK-3ß. Expression of miR-224, GSK-3ß, ß-catenin, and Survivin was measured in normal colon epithelium NCM460, CRC cell line SW480, and drug-resistant SW480/ADM cell line. Flow cytometry measured apoptosis under ADM with an IC50 concentration of SW480 cells, followed by CCK-8 analysis of cell proliferation. SW480/ADM cells were treated with miR-224 inhibitor and/or pSicoR-GSK-3ß, followed by analysis of the expressions of GSK-3ß, ß-catenin and Survivin, cell apoptosis, and cell proliferation by EdU staining. RESULTS: MiR-224 targeted and inhibited GSK-3ß expression. In SW480/ADM cells, GSK-3ß expression and cell apoptosis rate were lower than those in SW480 cells, whilst miR-224, ß-catenin, and Survivin expression or proliferation were higher than those in SW480 cells. Transfection of miR-224 inhibitor and/or pSicoR-GSK-3ß significantly increased GSK-3ß expression in SW480/ADM cells, and decreased ß-catenin and Survivin expression, leading to reduced proliferation potency, enhanced cell apoptosis and suppressed ADM resistance. CONCLUSIONS: MiR-224 up-regulation is associated with ADM resistance of CRC cells. Suppression of miR-224 expression up-regulated GSK-3ß expression, inhibited Wnt/ß-catenin signal pathway activity and Survivin expression, as well as reduced ADM resistance of CRC SW480 cells.

High-Throughput Sequencing Identifies Novel and Conserved Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) microRNAs in Response to Cucumber Green Mottle Mosaic Virus Infection.

Seedlings of Cucumis sativus L. (cv. 'Zhongnong 16') were artificially inoculated with Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) at the three-true-leaf stage. Leaf and flower samples were collected at different time points post-inoculation (10, 30 and 50 d), and processed by high throughput sequencing analysis to identify candidate miRNA sequences. Bioinformatic analysis using screening criteria, and secondary structure prediction, indicated that 8 novel and 23 known miRNAs (including 15 miRNAs described for the first time in vivo) were produced by cucumber plants in response to CGMMV infection. Moreover, gene expression profiles (p-value <0.01) validated the expression of 3 of the novel miRNAs and 3 of the putative candidate miRNAs and identified a further 82 conserved miRNAs in CGMMV-infected cucumbers. Gene ontology (GO) analysis revealed that the predicted target genes of these 88 miRNAs, which were screened using the psRNATarget and miRanda algorithms, were involved in three functional categories: 2265 in molecular function, 1362 as cellular components and 276 in biological process. The subsequent Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis revealed that the predicted target genes were frequently involved in metabolic processes (166 pathways) and genetic information processes (40 pathways) and to a lesser degree the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites (12 pathways). These results could provide useful clues to help elucidate host-pathogen interactions in CGMMV and cucumber, as well as for the screening of resistance genes.

Evaluation for Madigan's prostatectomy in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia.

AIM: To comparatively evaluate the efficacy and post-operative complications of the Madigan's prostatectomy (MPC) and suprapubic prostatectomy (SPPC). METHODS: A total of 43 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia were divided into two groups: 21 underwent MPC and 22, SPPC. In all the patients, the international prostate symptom score (IPSS) and urinary pressure-flow studies were assessed before and 6 months after operation. The International Continence Society (ICS) nomogram, Abrams-Griffiths (AG) number and linear passive urethral resistance relation analysis (L-PURR) were used to diagnose and grade bladder outlet obstruction (BOO). The IPSS and the urodynamic parameters before and after operation, as well as the advantages and post-operative complications were recorded and compared. RESULTS: Patients of both the MPC and SPPC groups had a significant improvement in IPSS and urodynamic parameters. Obstruction was relieved in 81.0% of MPC and 86.4% of SPPC patients. MPC has the advantages of the absence of postoperative hematuria and post-catheter stricture, a shorter period of hospitalization, and lower incidence of retrograde ejaculation and erectile dysfunction. CONCLUSION: Both MPC and SPPC can effectively relieve BOO. MPC has certain advantages and a lower incidence of complications as compared with SPPC.

Ambulatory urodynamic monitoring of external urethral sphincter behavior in chronic prostatitis patients.

AIM: To study the behavior of external urethral sphincter in chronic prostatitis (CP) patient under natural filling. METHODS: Twenty-one CP patients and 17 normal volunteers were involved in the study. Both the patients and volunteers underwent ambulatory urodynamic monitoring (AM) and conventional medium filling cystometry (CMG). Urodec 500 was used for AM and Menuet for CMG. AM findings from CP patients were compared with those from normal volunteers, and the results from AM were compared with those from CMG. RESULTS: In AM, the resting and voiding external urethral sphincter (EUS) pressures and maximum urethral closure pressures (MUCP) were significantly higher in CP patients [(121.5 +/- 10.3) and (85. 6 +/- 3.5) cm water, respectively] than in normal volunteers [(77.6 +/- 11.4) and (10.3 + 1.6) cm water, respectively)]. CONCLUSION: The behavioral changes of EUS in CP patients included spasm and instability of EUS, which were demonstrated using AM under natural filling; the findings were also in accord with the results of CMG.

[Detection of human cytomegalovirus in urine by polymerase chain reaction].

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification was set up with double primer pairs of major immediate-early and late gene in order to detect human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) from urine. This method was applied to the detection of HCMV in clinical samples of urine from renal transplant recipients. The result indicated that the primers did not cross react with other members of the herpes family of virus and human genomic DNA; that the HCMV AD169 tissue culture mixture used and the dilutions to estimate the sensitivity of PCR relative to tissue culture, 2.5 microliters of a 10(-3) dilution of the culture (625fg HCMV DNA) assayed were detected by direct gel analysis; that 25 of 30 samples of urine from the renal transplant recipients (serum HCMV IgM positive) were positive. It is conclude that PCR amplification is a valuable tool for diagnoses of HCMV infection in renal transplant recipients.